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91.
Psychotherapeutic treatments that focus on improving the relational processes between mothers with postpartum depression (PPD) and their infants, as well as the mother's individual therapeutic needs, have a great potential to positively impact the mother, her infant, and their relationship (K.J. Nylen, T.E. Moran, C.L. Franklin, & M. O'Hara, 2006 ). Utilizing pilot data from an evaluation of a home‐based dyadic therapy for mothers with PPD and their infants, this article reports on a recent academic–community partnership study. The effectiveness of the intervention was examined, specifically regarding changes in mother's mood, parenting experience, and relationship with her infant. In addition, associations were examined among maternal self‐report variables measuring change from pre‐ to posttreatment in PPD, psychological distress, and maternal perceptions of parenting and those variables measuring change in observer ratings of maternal–infant interactions. Results showed improvements in mothers' depression, distress, and perceptions of parenting as well as many ratings of mothers' interactions with their infants. However, only improvements in maternal perceptions of parenting, such as maternal self‐esteem and parenting stress, were associated with better mother–‐infant interactions. Importance of this research for the field of infant mental health as well as clinical implications are discussed. 相似文献
92.
The aim of this study was to document and compare adverse childhood experiences, and personality profiles in women with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and their sisters, and to determine how these factors impact current psychopathology. Fifty-six patients with BPD and their sisters were compared on measures assessing psychopathology, personality traits, and childhood adversities. Most sisters showed little evidence of psychopathology. Both groups reported dysfunctional parent-child relationships and a high prevalence of childhood trauma. Subjects with BPD reported experiencing more emotional abuse and intrafamilial sexual abuse, but more similarities than differences between probands and sisters were found. In multilevel analyses, personality traits of affective instability and impulsivity predicted DIB-R scores and SCL-90-R scores, above and beyond trauma. There were few relationships between childhood adversities and other measures of psychopathology. Sensitivity to adverse experiences, as reflected in the development of psychopathology, appears to be influenced by personality trait profiles. 相似文献
93.
The discussion presents a framework of concepts that is intended to account for the rationality of semantic change and variation,
suggesting that each scientific concept consists of three components of content: (1) reference, (2) inferential role, and
(3) the epistemic goal pursued with the concept’s use. I argue that in the course of history a concept can change in any of
these components, and that change in the concept’s inferential role and reference can be accounted for as being rational relative
to the third component, the concept’s epistemic goal. This framework is illustrated and defended by application to the history
of the gene concept. It is explained how the molecular gene concept grew rationally out of the classical gene concept despite
a change in reference, and why the use and reference of the contemporary molecular gene concept may legitimately vary from
context to context. 相似文献
94.
Maria Grazia Tosto Gabrielle Garon-Carrier Susan Gross Stephen A. Petrill Sergey Malykh Karim Malki Sara A. Hart Lee Thompson Rezhaw L. Karadaghi Nikita Yakovlev Tatiana Tikhomirova John E. Opfer Michèle M. M. Mazzocco Ginette Dionne Mara Brendgen Frank Vitaro Richard E. Tremblay Michel Boivin Yulia Kovas 《The British journal of educational psychology》2019,89(4):787-803
95.
The purpose of this study was to examine similarities and differences in Taiwanese fathers' and adolescents' perceptions of paternal competencies. A multi-source (fathers (n = 176) and 10- 14-year-old adolescent children (n = 176), single-method (both generations completed the Parent Success Indicator) investigation was employed. Generational assessments were compared, and effects of independent variables were examined. Impressions from both generations were significantly different by child school grades and the amount of time fathers spent talking to and doing things with their adolescents. 相似文献
96.
97.
Paris J 《Journal of personality disorders》2003,17(6):479-488
Personality disorders cause dysfunction over the course of adult life. A chronic course of disorder tends to be associated with an early onset, and personality disorders are preceded by precursor symptoms in childhood. Long-term outcome varies by personality disorder category: antisocial and borderline personality tend to remit with age, an improvement that is not seen in other diagnoses. The chronicity of personality disorders can usefully guide treatment planning, and psychotherapy for personality disorders can focus on rehabilitation. 相似文献
98.
Role of hippocampal signaling pathways in long-term memory formation of a nonassociative learning task in the rat 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
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Vianna MR Alonso M Viola H Quevedo J de Paris F Furman M de Stein ML Medina JH Izquierdo I 《Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)》2000,7(5):333-340
Long-term habituation to a novel environment is one of the most elementary forms of nonassociative learning. Here we studied the effect of pre- or posttraining intrahippocampal administration of drugs acting on specific molecular targets on the retention of habituation to a 5-min exposure to an open field measured 24 h later. We also determined whether the exposure to a novel environment resulted in the activation of the same intracellular signaling cascades previously shown to be activated during hippocampal-dependent associative learning. The immediate posttraining bilateral infusion of CNQX (1 μg/side), an AMPA/kainate glutamate receptor antagonist, or of muscimol (0.03 μg/side), a GABAA receptor agonist, into the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus impaired long-term memory of habituation. The NMDA receptor antagonist AP5 (5 μg/side) impaired habituation when infused 15 min before, but not when infused immediately after, the 5-min training session. In addition, KN-62 (3.6 ng/side), an inhibitor of calcium calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), was amnesic when infused 15 min before or immediately and 3 h after training. In contrast, the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibitor Rp-cAMPS, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) inhibitor PD098059, and the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, at doses that fully block memory formation of inhibitory avoidance learning, did not affect habituation to a novel environment. The detection of spatial novelty is associated with a sequential activation of PKA, ERKs (p44 and p42 MAPKs) and CaMKII and the phosphorylation of c-AMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that memory formation of spatial habituation depends on the functional integrity of NMDA and AMPA/kainate receptors and CaMKII activity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and that the detection of spatial novelty is accompanied by the activation of at least three different hippocampal protein kinase signaling cascades. 相似文献
99.
William A. Paris 《Journal of religion and health》1988,27(2):143-153
In the medieval tale ofSir Gawain and The Green Knight there is a portrait of an archetypal hero who succumbs to the pressures of living up to his reputation by resorting to behavior which compromises the code of ethics of knighthood. The lives of contemporary men and women are much more complex by comparison, though not always quite so dramatic. The pressures we face on a daily basis are cumulatively greater. Choices we make may be determined by our need to filter the realities of our world through a characterological lie which we have fashioned in ourselves as a way of protecting a vulnerable psyche from the truths of existence. Events in this fourteenth-century narrative are reexamined in the light of Dr. Ernest Becker'sThe Denial of Death, which strongly implicates the confrontation between the individual and the environment.William A. Paris is a freelance writer who also works with mentally handicapped students in Georgia's Dekalb County School System. This paper is part of a lengthier study presented in the 1978 Ohio Conference for Medieval Studies, John Carroll University, Cleveland. Mr. Paris is completing a novel based on this research. For their editorial supervision, the author is grateful to Dorothy Ann Saye and David M. Moss, of Coventry Associates for Pastoral Psychotherapy in Atlanta. 相似文献
100.