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331.
Gibson D 《Journal of applied philosophy》1995,12(1):1-11
ABSTRACT There is a growing acceptance of user rights models with regard to dependent populations such as nursing home residents, but classic theories of rights presuppose levels of human rationality and human agency often lacking in the case of highly dependent populations. While user rights models have strong advantages at a rhetorical level, the reduced capacity for dependent groups to assert their rights constitutes a significant structural limitation. Policies, practices and regulatory strategies developed on the assumption that very dependent groups can indeed assert such rights thus proceed on a premise which is fatally flawed. 相似文献
332.
125 female undergraduates (M age = 19.7 yr.) self-rated their academic, social, and psychological competence and were assessed with respect to current weight, weight concern, and body attitudes. Self-rated academic, social, and psychological competence were not related to current weight; however, less positive self-evaluations of social competence were related to weight concern, negative appraisals of appearance, and dissatisfaction with body parts. Subjective ratings of academic and psychological competence were not significantly associated with any of these variables. 相似文献
333.
334.
One experiment provided evidence in support of Gibson, Pearlmutter, Canseco-Gonzalez, and Hickok's (1996) claim that a recency preference applies to Spanish relative clause attachments, contrary to the claim made by Cuetos and Mitchell (1988). Spanish speakers read stimuli involving either two or three potential attachment sites in which the same lexical content of the two-site conditions appeared in a different structural configuration in the three-site conditions. High attachment was easier than low attachment when only two sites were present, but low attachment was preferred over high attachment, which was in turn preferred over middle attachment, when three sites were present. The experiment replicated earlier results and showed that (1) attachment preferences are determined in part by a preference to attach recently/low, and (2) lexical biases are insufficient to explain attachment preferences. 相似文献
335.
This paper describes a series of experiments in which we demonstrated that "dysphonemic" word stems, which are likely not pronounced in isolation as they are within a word (e.g., MUS in MUSHROOM or LEG in LEGEND), showed less priming than did "phonemic stems" (e.g., MUS in MUSTARD or LEG in LEGACY). Furthermore, words with either dysphonemic or phonemic three-letter stems gave rise to equivalent levels of priming when test cues were four-letter stems (LEGE) or word fragments (L_G_ND). Moreover, the difference between phonemic and dysphonemic stems persisted when nonpresented completion rates were matched. A final cued-recall experiment revealed that performance was greater for phonemic stems than for dysphonemic stems and that this difference was greater for older participants than for younger ones. These results are not readily accounted for by extant theoretical approaches and point to important methodological issues regarding stem completion. 相似文献
336.
This paper investigates the strength of the local attachment preference in syntactic ambiguity resolution, based on a study of a novel ambiguity for which the predictions of local attachment contrast with the predictions of a wide range of other ambiguity resolution principles. In sentences of the form Because Rose praised the recipe I made ... we show that the ambiguous clause I made is preferentially attached as a relative clause under some circumstances, as predicted by local attachment, and preferentially attached as a matrix clause under other circumstances. The implications for accounts of locality in parsing are discussed. 相似文献
337.
Rats with medial prefrontal cortex or sham control lesions were tested on an eight-arm radial maze task to examine memory for the temporal order of a variable and a constant sequence of spatial locations as a function of temporal distance. During the study phase of each trial, rats were allowed to visit each of eight arms once in an order that was randomly selected or fixed for that trial. The test phase required the rats to choose which of two arms occurred earlier in the sequence of arms visited during the study phase. The arms selected as test arms varied according to temporal distance (0, 2, 4, or 6) or the number of arms that occurred between the two test arms in the study phase. For the variable sequences based on new information, control rats showed an increasing temporal distance function. Relative to control rats, medial prefrontal cortex-lesioned rats displayed a temporal order memory deficit across all distances. For the constant sequence based on familiar information, control rats performed well across all distances. Relative to controls, the medial prefrontal cortex-lesioned rats displayed a performance deficit. The results support the idea that the medial prefrontal cortex contributes to mnemonic operations associated with temporal order for new and familiar spatial location information. 相似文献
338.
339.
W. A. Gibson 《Psychometrika》1959,24(3):229-252
The factor analysis model and Lazarsfeld's latent structure scheme for analyzing dichotomous attributes are derived to show how the latter model avoids three knotty problems in factor analysis: communality estimation, rotation, and curvilinearity. Then the latent structure model is generalized into latent profile analysis for the study of interrelations among quantitative measures. Four latent profile examples are presented and discussed in terms of their limitations and the problems of latent metric and dimensionality thereby raised. The possibility of treating higher order empirical relations in a manner paralleling their various uses in the latent structure model is indicated.The latter model is anticipated in an earlier paper by Green [12].The major portion of this paper was completed at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences. The opinions expressed are those of the author and are not to be construed as reflecting official Department of the Army policy. 相似文献
340.
W. A. Gibson 《Psychometrika》1963,28(1):87-92
This paper presents a way of factoring the Guttman circumplex to get factor weights whose pattern is close to that postulated by Guttman for the circumplex. An empirical example, including a crude procedure for diagonal estimation, is shown. Other sources of nonuniqueness are discussed, and the limitation to odd-numbered complexity for the tests is indicated. An orthodox factor analysis is applied to the example, and this provides a basis for comparison of the two opposing models. 相似文献