Epitaxial growth of electrodeposited cadmium selenide on (111) gallium arsenide

Epitaxial growth of CdSe has been achieved on (111) GaAs by electrodeposition from an aqueous electrolyte. The structure of the film corresponds to the cubic modification of CdSe. The quality of epitaxy has been investigated by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques.     

Effect of Religiosity on Voice

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between religiosity and phonatory behavior. A total of 186 participants participated in a survey that included four sections: demographic data, extent of religiosity, history of dysphonia, phonatory behavior and laryngeal manipulation, in addition to the Voice Handicap Index (VHI-10). There was no significant association between the prevalence of phonatory symptoms and any of the religiosity questions. There was no significant association between phonatory behavior, history of laryngeal manipulation and any of the religiosity questions. There was also no significant association between the score of the Voice Handicap Index and any of the five religiosity questions. There is no association between religiosity and prevalence of phonatory disturbances, phonotraumatic behavior and/or history of laryngeal manipulation.     

Sweep-induced acceleration in loudness change and the “bias for rising intensities”

A pure tone changing continuously in intensity shows sweep-induced fading (SIF) of loudness as intensity sweeps down and may show a lesser degree of sweep-induced enhancement (SIE) as intensity sweeps up (Canévet & Scharf, 1990); the former effect has been calleddecruitment, the latterupcruitment. An opposite effect—upsweeps being judged to show more loudness change than downsweeps—has been reported by Neuhoff (1998). These disparate results might stem from several procedural differences. We found that differences in the sweep’s duration and intensity level did not account for the disparity, nor did the presence of a steady tone preceding the sweep. In a second experiment, direct judgments of sweep size, such as those Neuhoff’s (1998) listeners made, were affected not only by sweep size itself, but also by the intensity at the end of the sweep. The latter effect was especially marked for upsweeps. Neuhoff’s (1998) proposed “bias for rising intensities” was found only with a method for judging sweep size that is more sensitive to end level than to sweep size.     

Neuroendocrine regulation and physical and relational aggression: the moderating roles of child maltreatment and gender

The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the association between circadian rhythms of cortisol and physical and relational aggression. Morning arrival, prelunch, and afternoon predeparture salivary cortisol were assessed among 418 maltreated and nonmaltreated children (52% maltreated; 49% female) attending a summer day camp. Counselors and peers rated participants' involvement in physically and relationally aggressive behaviors. Results indicated that physical aggression was associated with heightened cortisol following morning arrival and relatively steep declines in cortisol over the day, whereas relational aggression was associated with low cortisol following morning arrival and blunted diurnal change in cortisol. Moreover, maltreatment was a significant moderator of this relationship such that aggression was related to greater cortisol dysregulation among nonmaltreated than among maltreated children. The findings suggest that physiological correlates of aggression may differ for physical and relational forms of aggression and among maltreated versus nonmaltreated populations.     

Sweep-induced acceleration in loudness change and the "bias for rising intensities"

A pure tone changing continuously in intensity shows sweep-induced fading (SIF) of loudness as intensity sweeps down and may show a lesser degree of sweep-induced enhancement (SIE) as intensity sweeps up (Canévet & Scharf, 1990); the former effect has been called decruitment, the latter upcruitment. An opposite effect-upsweeps being judged to show more loudness change than downsweeps--has been reported by Neuhoff (1998). These disparate results might stem from several procedural differences. We found that differences in the sweep's duration and intensity level did not account for the disparity, nor did the presence of a steady tone preceding the sweep. In a second experiment, direct judgments of sweep size, such as those Neuhoff's (1998) listeners made, were affected not only by sweep size itself, but also by the intensity at the end of the sweep. The latter effect was especially marked for upsweeps. Neuhoffs (1998) proposed "bias for rising intensities" was found only with a method for judging sweep size that is more sensitive to end level than to sweep size.