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排序方式: 共有221条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
191.
Georg Spielthenner 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》2016,37(5):417-431
This essay concerns itself with the methodology of practical ethics. There are a variety of methods employed in ethics. Although none have been firmly established as dominant, it is generally agreed that casuistry, or the case-based method, is one important strategy commonly used for resolving ethical issues. Casuists compare the case under consideration to a relevantly similar (analogous) precedent case in which judgements have already been made, and they use these earlier judgements to determine the proper resolution of the present case. In this article, I try to provide a better understanding of the nature of contemporary casuistry. To accomplish this, I explain (in the first section) the basic features of casuistic reasoning. The second section focuses on the logic of casuistry. By assessing casuistic reasoning from the logical viewpoint, casuistry can be reconstructed as a logically correct method of reasoning. The third section looks at casuistry from the epistemic point of view and investigates the justificatory force of casuistic reasoning. Finally, in the fourth section, I show the usefulness of formal casuistry. 相似文献
192.
INSIGHTFULNESS AND LATER INFANT ATTACHMENT IN CLINICALLY DEPRESSED AND NONCLINICAL MOTHERS
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Brigitte Ramsauer Annett Lotzin Julia H. Quitmann Fabienne Becker‐Stoll Anne Tharner Georg Romer 《Infant mental health journal》2014,35(3):210-219
The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the relationship between maternal insightfulness and sensitivity and subsequent infant attachment security and disorganization in clinically depressed and nonclinical mother–infant groups. Nineteen depressed mothers with infants ages 3 to 11 months participated in this study. Twenty nonclinical mother–infant dyads were matched to the clinical sample according to infant sex and age. Maternal depression was assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (American Psychiatric Association, 1994), insightfulness using the Insightfulness Assessment (IA), and sensitivity using the Maternal Sensitivity Scales (M.D.S. Ainsworth, 1969). IA classifications and subscales were considered separately. Later infant attachment was assessed by the Strange Situation Procedure (M.D.S. Ainsworth, M.C. Blehar, E. Waters, & S. Wall, 1978). Depressed mothers tended to have less securely attached children than did nonclinical mothers. Within the clinical sample, the insightfulness categories correlated slightly moderately with attachment security, but were not related to attachment disorganization. Within the nonclinical sample, the IA categories were slightly moderately associated with attachment security and with disorganization. On IA subscales, relationship patterns differed in clinically depressed and nonclinical mother–infant dyads. These findings provide the first evidence of the predictive power of the IA categorization and subscales on subsequent infant attachment. They also may allow the development of different foci of intervention for enhancing insightful caregiving. 相似文献
193.
International Journal for Philosophy of Religion - Panenetheism is the claim that God and the cosmos are intimately inter-related, with the cosmos being in God and God being in the cosmos. What... 相似文献
194.
195.
This study used binocular rivalry to examine whether emotionally relevant pictures are processed preferentially in the visual system. Binocular rivalry occurs when two incompatible pictures are presented to both eyes. If the pictures cannot be merged to a single unambiguous percept, binocular rivalry results in an alternation of the two percepts. However, it has been controversial whether emotional picture content can influence a picture's relative predominance. Twenty pairs of emotional and neutral pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) were presented to 45 healthy participants. As hypothesised, emotional pictures significantly predominated over neutral pictures, both with respect to the first percept and the total viewing time across each trial. We conclude that the relative predominance of emotional pictures in binocular rivalry provides further support for the preferential processing of emotional stimuli in the visual system. 相似文献
196.
Are motor schemata of facial action spontaneously activated upon the processing of evaluative information? In this case, the processing of positive evaluative information should immediately trigger the motor schema of smiling, and the processing of negative information should trigger frowning. This hypothesis was tested in two experiments in which participants were required to respond to positive and negative words by either smiling or frowning. Electromyogram (EMG) activity was recorded over the brow muscle region (corrugator supercilii) and over the cheek muscle region (zygomaticus major) in order to quantify the latency of muscular response as a dependent measure. In Experiment 1 we found that participants were faster at contracting their zygomaticus muscle (which is involved in smiling) when evaluating positive words, and faster at contracting their corrugator muscle (which is involved in frowning) when evaluating negative words. In Experiment 2, participants were required to respond with the contraction of one of the two muscles whenever a word appeared on the computer screen. Again, we found that responses were faster to congruent response valence combinations than to incongruent response valence combinations. These findings support the hypothesis that evaluative processing is directly linked to motor schemata of facial muscles. 相似文献
197.
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
198.
Georg H. Eifert 《Australian psychologist》1984,19(2):179-191
This paper presents a summarizing overview of the present conceptual, empirical, and practical status of the recent “cognitive trend” in behaviour therapy. The theoretical and practical similarities and differences of the three most influential cognitive-behavioural approaches are presented and some empirical evidence of their theoretical bases is critically examined. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of these approaches is briefly reviewed. 相似文献
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200.
Hanns Georg Hartgenbusch 《Psychological research》1933,18(1):251-285
Ohne Zusammenfassung
Anmerkung des Herausgebers: Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit habilitierte sich der Verfasser im Winter 1926 in der philosophischen Fakult?t der Universit?t
Gie?en, w?hrend ich auf Urlaub in Amerika war. Unmittelbar nach der Habilitation brach bei ihm ein erbliches Leiden aus, das
bald darauf seine v?llige Erblindung zur Folge hatte und nach wenigen Jahren seinem Leben ein Ende bereitete. Als ich im Sommer
1927 nach Gie?en kam, konnte ich nichts über den Verbleib des Manuskriptes erfahren, auch der Verfasser, mit dem ich einige
Briefe wechselte, wu?te nichts mehr darüber zu sagen. Da? ich schlie?lich in den Besitz des Manuskriptes gekommen bin, veranke
ich dem jetzigen Vorstand des psychologischen Institutes der Universit?t Gie?en, Herrn KollegenSander, mit dem ich die Angelegenheit auf dem letzten internationalen Kongre? in Kopenhagen besprach. — Es war mir ein Bedürfnis,
meinem allzu früh verstorbenen Assistenten und Freund eine letzte Ehrung dadurch zu erweisen, da? ich seine letzte Arbeit
zur Ver?ffentlichung bringe. Problem, Methode und Ausarbeitung sind sein Werk. Inzwischen hatF. C. Bartlett (Remembering, Cambridge 1932) ?hnliche, noch früher angestellte Versuche ver?ffentlicht, die dem Verfasser natürlich unbekannt
waren und daher in seiner Arbeit nicht erw?hnt sein k?nnen. 相似文献