依附论者对南北经济关系理论思考

从20世纪50年代开始,依附论者便对导致世界上富国与穷国之间贫富悬殊形成与扩大的原因进行了很有特色的分析和研究.60年代,一些依附伦者又以拉美地区的具体材料,对这一问题进行了更为深入的探讨.70年代以后,依附论者已不再满足于仅以拉美地区的资料来说明问题,而是从整个世界范围的角度和亚洲、非洲殖民地的资料来进一步阐明他们的观点,并对南北经济关系存在与发展提出了自己独到的见解,为推动现代化理论和殖民主义史研究做出了积极的贡献.     

司法论证充分性辨析

司法论证充分性问题是一个和法学理论与司法实践都密切相关的问题,各种关于法律论证的争议是和规则治理与纠纷解决两种司法职能的互相冲撞息息相关的。什么样的法律论证才是最合适的,在法律资源有限的情况下,如何运用有限的资源达到司法实践的目的,是各国法制建设的一个永恒话题。文章试图以我国的司法情景为例,从理性思考与现实实践两个层面,展示法官在裁决中所运用的具有地方性知识性质的辅助资源具有实践合理性,说明司法论证应该也必须追求其充分性。     

The reconfiguration of task set has no effect on the efficiency of feature search

In this study, we investigated whether or not the reconfiguration of a set task could modulate the efficiency of feature search. In Experiment 1, target set size was manipulated. The results revealed that enumerating targets defined by color yields a much steeper slope when executed simultaneously with a discrimination task than when done singly. However, when distractor set size was manipulated, there was no significant difference in the efficiency of individualizing targets from distractors between the two task conditions, no matter whetherthe search was guided by bottom-up information (Experiment 2) or top-down information (Experiment 3). Drawing upon these results, the authors propose that (1) an additional task can impair the efficiency of enumeration, resulting in a steep slope of counting even when target set size is quite small, and (2) in feature search, the visual system first reconfigures the task set to match the input feature information and then detects the targets with an optimal efficiency, which does not support the theory proposed by Di Lollo, Kawahara, Zuvic, and Visser (2001; Di Lollo, Smilek, Kawahara, & Ghorashi, 2005).     

试论齐国音乐的风格特点

齐国“因其俗,简其礼”的开明政策,不仅为“尚变革”的齐文化奠定了基础,也给齐国的音乐艺术提供了自由发展的广阔空间。因此在齐国,无论是民间音乐还是宫廷雅乐,都显现出了五彩缤纷的景象和与众不同的风格特点。本文以齐国的民间歌曲和宫廷《韶》乐为例,利用文献史料对其风格特点进行了分析论证。     

《管子》天论浅析

《管子》“天”的含义有至上神、自然神以及运行变化有自身规律的自然之天。基于这种认识,天人关系表现为一是社会现象与自然现象的直接的因果关系的“天人感应”;二是人效法、顺从“天道”,利用自然规律,发挥主观能动性,主宰自然,这在当时是具有进步意义的思想。它在先秦的天论思想发展中起到了承上启下的作用。     

人工智能的瓶颈问题与本体论语义学的回应

意向性问题曾经是19~20世纪转折时期最热门的话题之一。无独有偶,在新的世纪转折时期,它再次受到人们的亲睐。所不同的是,它不再只是一个纯学术问题,而同时带有工程学的性质。当今的心灵哲学与其他关心智能问题的具体科学如人工智能、计算机科学、认知科学等,尽管各自走着迥然不同的运思路线,但最终都发现意向性是智能现象的独有特征和必备条件。然而作为现代科技之结晶的计算机所表现出的所谓智能,尽管在许多方面已远胜于人类智能,但它只能按形式规则进行形式转换,而不能像人类智能那样主动、有意识地关联于外部事态,即没有涉及到意义,或没…     

代词歧义消解中隐含意义的理解

通过两个眼动实验考察了在代词歧义消解中人们如何根据语境并利用语用知识理解隐含意义.实验一以24个语篇为实验材料,采用单因素两水平重复测量设计.结果表明间接方式下关键句阅读时间较长.实验二采用同样的实验设计,结果表明脱离语篇语境的关键句在不同条件下阅读时间相当.实验结果支持隐含意义的理解在句子加工的早期就已开始的联结主义观点.     

咀嚼口香糖对认知及情绪的影响

本文系统地综述了近期关于咀嚼口香糖对负性情绪调节和认知功能的影响,以及咀嚼口香糖的脑机制的实验研究.这些研究发现,咀嚼口香糖对人们的负性情绪调节,注意、记忆、学习等认知功能起到了积极的促进作用,咀嚼口香糖所激活的脑区与负责运动、记忆、注意和情绪等高级功能的脑区有一定的重叠.     

我国高校对心理咨询与治疗人才的培养现状调查

本研究旨在调查我国高校对心理咨询与治疗人才的培养现状并分析其中存在的问题与需求.在我国华东、华西、华南、华北、华中地区选取22所不同类型,具有临床心理、咨询心理或应用心理学专业的本科、研究生培养计划的高等院校,搜集其课程设置、实践训练方面的资料,分析调查结果并与发达国家进行比较.结果发现存在一些问题,与发达国家相比尚存在着较大的差距.其中本科生的课程设置主要存在少数学校专业必修课和专业选修课的关系处理不合理、部分学校对心理咨询和治疗课程的培训不足,绝大多数学校无伦理课程培训等问题.研究生的课程体系较不完善,尤需加强对科学和道德伦理,行为的生物基础、行为的认知-情感基础、心理师的个人与专业发展、心理评估和诊断,心理咨询与治疗流派等领域的课程培训.本科生和研究生的实习训练方面,均存在实习内容不全面、实习时问短等问题.此外,本科人才的培养模式问题也值得深入研究探讨.     

Modeling Customer Loyalty from an Integrative Perspective of Self-Determination Theory and Expectation–Confirmation Theory

Purpose  This research conceptualizes and tests an integrative model of customer loyalty by linking two important theories: expectation–confirmation theory and self-determination theory. Design/Methodology/Approach  The model is examined using data obtained from 207 part-time students who have encountered the service of a skincare and beauty salon in Taiwan. These students work as full-time professionals in a variety of industries during the daytime and are financially independent for their daily consumption. Findings  The empirical results of this study indicate that loyalty is positively influenced by both intrinsic regulation and identified regulation, while introjected regulation and external regulation are insignificantly related to loyalty. Affected positively by service expectation and service confirmation, satisfaction has positive influences on all four dimensions of self-determined motivation—namely, intrinsic regulation, identified regulation, introjected regulation, and external regulation. Implications  The findings of this study show that the proposed model helps to learn about loyalty formation and its mediating mechanism in service contexts. Intrinsic regulation and identified regulation may be applied as two potential checkpoints for management to learn the actual status of customer loyalty based on a constant service quality offered by the service provider. Originality/Value  This study is one of the earliest to integrate expectation–confirmation theory and self-determination theory to explore loyalty. Besides, this study transplants the traditional application of self-determination theory from educational service to commercial service in general so that efficient strategies can be made for boosting loyalty.