楼盘"洋名"现象的模因学分析——以南京楼盘"挪威森林"为例

中国城市楼盘命名中的"洋名"现象是一种典型的模因现象.本研究以南京楼盘名称"挪威森林"为个案,分析了新楼盘如何顺应内容或形式上的强势模因,从而在短期内提高了知名度,在消费者心目中实现认同,促进销售.     

土三七所致肝小静脉闭塞病142例治疗的临床分析

通过对土三七引起的肝小静脉闭塞病的治疗进行总结分析,提高临床上对肝小静脉闭塞病的认识.检索2000年1月至2011年9月国内有关土三七致肝小静脉闭塞病的文献68篇、总计病例140例,本院收治的2例.对142例治疗方法进行统计分析.急性及亚急性期的内科治疗与急性及亚急性期的分流术治疗对比,无显著差异P＞0.05,慢性期的内科治疗与慢性期的分流术治疗对比,有显著差异P＜0.05.肝穿刺病理活组织检查是确诊肝小静脉闭塞病的有效方法,且可进行病理分期；肝小静脉闭塞病的急性进展期内科综合治疗有一定疗效,慢性期病例应在积极内科综合治疗的同时及早创造条件行分流术治疗.     

洛克论有限政府

洛克从自然状态出发,运用自然权利和社会契约理论,论证了政府权力来源于人民的委托,政府的目的就是保护人民的生命、自由和财产,并提出了法治、分权和人民的革命权等一系列限制政府权力的原则。洛克的有限政府思想在今天依然具有深刻的理论和实践价值。     

漕盐转运与明代淮安城镇经济的发展

大运河在隋朝贯通后,淮安成为漕运要道,唐宋后,淮安又成盐运要津。明代以后,两淮盐业更加兴盛,特别是迁都北京后,京城粮米更赖漕运接济,淮安作为漕盐转运的一个重要枢纽,设有众多官府官员,其城市经济也步入繁华时代。     

发展性阅读困难的行为遗传学研究

发展性阅读困难是学龄儿童常见的学习障碍,其病源学问题极其复杂,很多行为遗传学家针对遗传和环境对阅读困难的影响进行了大量的研究。该文对阅读困难的行为遗传学研究进行了回顾,特别是综合介绍了分子遗传学研究所取得的重要成果及不足。最后指出了研究所面临的困难和将来的方向,并对与教育的关系进行了总结与评价。     

Negative pragmatic transfer in Chinese students' complimentary speech acts

Summary.-This study was designed to examine negative pragmatic transfer of the speech act of English compliments by Chinese who learn English as a foreign language and to estimate the correlation between the amount of negative pragmatic transfer and English proficiency of the Chinese learners. Frequencies of students' performance showed that both in the favored compliments and the response strategies, differences were evident between Chinese English learners and native English speakers. This indicated that Chinese learners had trouble with the "slang" or "idioms" of the target language and tended to transfer negatively their L1 pragmatic norms to their L2 communication. Moreover, the favored compliment response strategies used by two groups of Chinese learners--who had different levels of English proficiency--differed, and negative pragmatic transfer decreased as proficiency in English increased.     

Psychopathic Traits and Physiological Responses to Aversive Stimuli in Children Aged 9–11 Years

Atypical eletrodermal and cardiovascular response patterns in psychopathic individuals are thought to be biological indicators of fearless and disinhibition. This study investigated the relationship between psychopathic traits and these autonomic response patterns using a countdown task in 843 children (aged 9-10?years). Heart rate (HR) and non-specific skin conductance responses (NS-SCRs) were recorded while participants anticipated and reacted to 105?dB signaled or un-signaled white-noise bursts. Using multilevel regression models, both larger HR acceleration and fewer NS-SCR were found to be significantly associated with psychopathic traits during anticipation of signaled white-noise bursts. However, two divergent patterns appeared for HR and SCR: (1) larger HR acceleration was specific to the callousness-disinhibition factor of psychopathic traits while reduced NS-SCR was only associated with the manipulative-deceitfulness factor; (2) the negative association between the manipulative-deceitfulness factor and NS-SCR was only found in boys but not in girls. These findings replicated what has been found in psychopathic adults, suggesting that autonomic deficits present in children at risk may predispose them to later psychopathy. The divergent findings across psychopathic facets and sexes raised the possibility of different etiologies underlying psychopathy, which may in turn suggest multiple treatment strategies for boys and girls.     

关于知觉干扰效应的ERP研究

利用ERP技术,采用知觉干扰效应的经典实验范式,首次从神经生理水平上探究知觉干扰效应的内部机制。结果发现,递进条件和标准条件均诱发了P2,P3,N400和晚期正成分LPC。在P2,P3和LPC成分上,标准条件的波幅均显著大于递进条件;在N400成分上,递进条件比标准条件波幅更负,潜伏期更长。此外,对递进条件下靶字各模糊水平（Level 1～Level 5）的ERPs进行比较分析表明,N400成分的波幅在各模糊水平间的差异均不显著。基本支持失匹配理论及词汇自动加工理论。     

免费师范生教师职业认同量表的编制

鉴于免费师范生的特殊性,有必要对其教师职业认同进行科学研究。本研究在前期调研与访谈的基础上,对北京某高校284名免费师范生进行问卷测试,编制了《免费师范生教师职业认同量表》,并重新选取168名免费师范生施测,采用验证性因素分析技术对量表进行结构检验。研究结果表明：（1）免费师范生的教师职业认同感包括内在价值认同、外在价值认同、意志行为认同三个维度;（2）免费师范生教师职业认同量表具有良好的信、效度。     

Latent Profile Analysis of Psychopathy in Chinese Female Offenders

The present study aimed to identify meaningful subtypes of psychopathy among Chinese female offenders. A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) based on the scores of the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathic Scale was performed in a sample of Chinese female prisoners (N?=?279, M age?=?45.43, SD?=?8.62). The LPA yielded three profiles: “low psychopathy group” (27.6%), “moderate psychopathy group” (66.7%), and “high egocentricity and antisocial group” (5.7%). These profiles differed on all outcome variables including anxiety, depression, reactive aggression, and proactive aggression. The high egocentricity and antisocial group had a greater risk for anxiety, recidivism, impulsiveness, and aggression. Overall, the findings support the existence of psychopathy subtypes in non-Western cultural contexts, suggest gender similarities in the manifestation of psychopathy traits, and further the understanding of psychopathy typologies.