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111.
Sandrine R. Müller Heinrich Peters Sandra C. Matz Weichen Wang Gabriella M. Harari 《欧洲人格杂志》2020,34(5):714-732
People interact with their physical environments every day by visiting different places and moving between them. Such mobility behaviours likely influence and are influenced by people's subjective well-being. However, past research examining the links between mobility behaviours and well-being has been inconclusive. Here, we provide a comprehensive investigation of these relationships by examining individual differences in two types of mobility behaviours (movement patterns and places visited) and their relationship to six indicators of subjective well-being (depression, loneliness, anxiety, stress, affect, and energy) at two different temporal levels of analysis (two-week tendencies and daily level). Using data from a large smartphone-based longitudinal study (N = 1765), we show that (i) movement patterns assessed via GPS data (distance travelled, entropy, and irregularity) and (ii) places visited assessed via experience sampling reports (home, work, and social places) are associated with subjective well-being at the between and within person levels. Our findings suggest that distance travelled is related to anxiety, affect, and stress, irregularity is related to depression and loneliness, and spending time in social places is negatively associated with loneliness. We discuss the implications of our work and highlight directions for future research on the generalizability to other populations as well as the characteristics of places. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology 相似文献
112.
113.
Gabriella Ujlaki 《Journal for General Philosophy of Science》1994,25(1):157-175
The report gives a survey of the Hungarian philosophy of science after 1973. The report throws some light on the history of Hungarian philosophy in the context of the political circumstances of the late sixties and seventies. It starts with the not so well-known history of persecution of philosophers in 1973. Then it treats the emergence of the philosophy of science focussing on the most significant representatives of this branch of philosophy, which was up to that time almost unknown in Hungary. Due to the fact that the important results in Hungarian philosophy of science run parallel with the reception and translation of the significant products of Western philosophy, such as Wittgenstein's, Popper's, Kuhn's, or Polanyi's works, the report gives relatively significant room to treat these achievements. The last part of the report presents a survey of the younger generation of the philosophers of science, concentrating on the most important insights.It is the sad duty of the editor to inform readers that Dr. Gabriella Ujlaki died shortly after finishing this Report. 相似文献
114.
We investigated whether dogs and 2-, and 3-year-old human infants living, in some respects, in very similar social environments
are able to comprehend various forms of the human pointing gesture. In the first study, we looked at their ability to comprehend
different arm pointing gestures (long cross-pointing, forward cross-pointing and elbow cross-pointing) to locate a hidden
object. Three-year-olds successfully used all gestures as directional cues, while younger children and dogs could not understand
the elbow cross-pointing. Dogs were also unsuccessful with the forward cross-pointing. In the second study, we used unfamiliar
pointing gestures i.e. using a leg as indicator (pointing with leg, leg cross-pointing, pointing with knee). All subjects
were successful with leg pointing gestures, but only older children were able to comprehend the pointing with knee. We suggest
that 3-year-old children are able to rely on the direction of the index finger, and show the strongest ability to generalize
to unfamiliar gestures. Although some capacity to generalize is also evident in younger children and dogs, especially the
latter appear biased in the use of protruding body parts as directional signals. 相似文献
115.
A strong body of work has explored the interaction between visual perception and language comprehension; for example, recent
studies exploring predictions from embodied cognition have focused particularly on the common representation of sensory—motor
and semantic information. Motivated by this background, we provide a set of norms for the axis and direction of motion implied
in 299 English verbs, collected from approximately 100 native speakers of British English. Until now, there have been no freely
available norms of this kind for a large set of verbs that can be used in any area of language research investigating the
semantic representation of motion. We have used these norms to investigate the interaction between language comprehension
and low-level visual processes involved in motion perception, validating the norming procedure’s ability to capture the motion
content of individual verbs. Supplemental materials for this study may be downloaded from brm.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental. 相似文献
116.
Synthese - Thorough a detailed analysis of version III of Gödel's Is mathematics syntax of language?, we propose a new interpretation of Gödel's criticism against the... 相似文献
117.
Semantic features produced by speakers of a language when given a word corresponding to a concept have provided insight into numerous behavioral phenomena concerning semantic representation in language-impaired and -unimpaired speakers. A number of theories concerning the organization of semantic memory have used features as their starting point. Here, we provide a set of feature norms collected from approximately 280 participants for a total of 456 words (169 nouns referring to objects, 71 nouns referring to events, and 216 verbs referring to events). Whereas a number of feature norms for object concepts already exist, we provide the first set of norms for event concepts. We have used these norms (for both objects and events) in research addressing questions concerning the similarities and differences between the semantic representation of objects and events and in research concerning the interface between semantics and syntax, given that events can be expressed in language as nouns or verbs. Some of this research is summarized here. These norms may be downloaded from www.psychonomic.org/archive. 相似文献
118.
Mastroberardino S Santangelo V Botta F Marucci FS Olivetti Belardinelli M 《Cognitive processing》2008,9(1):69-76
The best format in which information that has to be recalled is presented has been investigated in several studies, which
focused on the impact of bimodal stimulation on working memory performance. An enhancement of participant’s performance in
terms of correct recall has been repeatedly found, when bimodal formats of presentation (i.e., audiovisual) were compared
to unimodal formats (i.e, either visual or auditory), in providing implications for multimedial learning. Several theoretical
frameworks have been suggested in order to account for the bimodal advantage, ranging from those emphasizing early stages
of processing (such as automatic alerting effects or multisensory integration processes) to those centred on late stages of
processing (as postulated by the dual coding theory). The aim of this paper is to review previous contributions to this topic,
providing a comprehensive theoretical framework, which is updated by the latest empirical studies. 相似文献
119.
The aim of this study was to analyze social functioning in patients with schizophrenia and their biological relatives with a Swedish version of the video-based vignette test Assessment of Interpersonal Problem Solving Skills (AIPSS). In a new video production with simulated "real life" situations we tested the ability to receive, process and send social information in 25 individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia, 20 siblings to patients with schizophrenia and 25 randomly selected non-psychiatric controls. The test proved to have good validity and interrater reliability. After controlling for positive or negative symptoms, patients had poor performance especially in acting out solutions leading to effective problem solving. Siblings generally did not differ from controls, but showed some deficiencies in non-verbal language. To conclude, AIPSS is appropriate for use in a Swedish-speaking context and might be useful in research on vulnerability indicators and in assessment of treatment interventions. 相似文献
120.
The mind/body dualism, although scarcely relevant in clinical practice, remains unsolved theoretically. The pragmatic wisdom of the founders of family therapy, which implied that bodies and minds in therapy were one, has been easily forgotten. Such a situation had practical results, leading to naive solutions, both on the materialistic and idealistic sides, represented by biological psychiatry on the one side, and by most postmodern therapies on the other. This article proposes to consider the role of emotions in therapeutic dialogue to solve this dilemma within the field of systemic therapy. 相似文献