A Psychoanalytic Grave Walk—Scenic Memory of the Shoah. On the Transgenerational Transmission of Extreme Trauma in Germany

In this article we describe a phase of a long-term psychoanalysis of a daughter of Shoah Survivors. The article is part of a research project conducted at the Sigmund Freud-Institute in Frankfurt/Main. The focus of the study is on the transmission of extreme trauma from the First to the Second Generation, with special reference to Germany. "Scenic memory of the Shoah" is presented as a concept that stresses the non-verbal, unconscious communication between the generations. The so-called "concretistic" behavior of the Second Generation, which has been described in the literature, is conceptualized here as scenic memory of the traumatic experiences during Nazi persecution, that is, a highly symbolic and metaphorical expression of the extreme trauma handed down to the patient by the parents.     

Elterntrainings zur Pr?vention dissozialen Verhaltens

This paper presents the concept of Development Promotion in Families: Parent and Child Training (EntwicklungsF?rderung in Familien: Eltern- und Kindertraining, EFFEKT^?). The parent training was developed and evaluated as part of the Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study (L?sel et al. M?glichkeiten der Gewaltpr?vention, S?201?C249, 2005; L?sel et al., Z Klin Psychol Psychother 35:127?C139, 2006). EFFEKT was constructed as a universal program for the prevention of antisocial behavior in children. In the meantime it has now been extended by several program units: adapted parent training for migrants, adapted training for depressive mothers, training for internationally mobile parents, training for parents of children under the age of 3 years, school children and adolescents. Therefore, it can also be used as a selective prevention program. In addition, the training is used throughout Europe with the help of an internet version of EFFEKT, providing a low threshold for users. This article presents mainly the contents of the training and selected evaluation results. All results prove the successful implementation of all EFFEKT programs. Moreover, the output evaluation of the training suggests substantial effects with regard to the behavior of children. In comparison to the control group, the results of the training groups were superior in almost all evaluation areas. The results suggest that EFFEKT can be used as a universal as well as a selective prevention program.     

Nonselective read-out from iconic memory in normal, borderline and retarded adolescents

The hypothesis that retarded individuals read-out information from iconic memory at a slower rate, relative to their CA matched peers, was tested. Three IQ groups (normal, borderline and retarded) were selected with 10 subjects in each group. A tachistoscope presented a stimulus array and a post-stimulus cue for 100 msec. each, separated by a variable interstimulus interval (ISI). This stimulus array consisted of 10 letters arranged on two horizontal rows. The post-stimulus cue was a circle which surrounded the position of the correct letter. Nine ISIs were used and ranged from −100 (cue before array) to 500 msec. A 3 × 9 repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed non-significant effects for IQ and the IQ × ISI interaction. A significant effect was found for ISIs (p < .01) which reflected reduced performance at the intermediate ISIs for all intelligence groups. The hypothesis of a read-out deficit in the retarded was not supported. The present findings were discussed in relation to previous research which supported a read-out deficit in the retarded.     

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