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221.
Research suggests that identity and memory are deeply interconnected, but little is known about the identity processes and the memory characteristics involved in this interaction. We employed a longitudinal design to examine relations between the satisfaction of autonomy, relatedness, and competence needs in self-defining memories and identity processing styles within the domain of friendship. We also assessed satisfaction with friends to evaluate the relation of identity processes and memory characteristics to well-being in friendships. Participants were 166 students who responded twice (at about a two-year interval) to the Identity processing style Inventory-3 and the Satisfaction with Life Scale. We adapted these measures to tap into the domain of friendships, which is an important aspect of young adults’ identity. Participants also described a friend-related self-defining memory and rated the degree of need satisfaction they experienced in that event. A cross-lagged panel analysis revealed that memory need satisfaction predicted increases in informational identity processing style and friend satisfaction over time. Implications for the directive function of memory in identity are discussed. 相似文献
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Philippe FL Koestner R Lecours S Beaulieu-Pelletier G Bois K 《Emotion (Washington, D.C.)》2011,11(6):1279-1290
The present research examined the role of autobiographical memory networks on negative emotional experiences. Results from 2 studies found support for an active but also discriminant role of autobiographical memories and their related networked memories on negative emotions. In addition, in line with self-determination theory, thwarting of the psychological needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness was found to be the critical component of autobiographical memory affecting negative emotional experiences. Study 1 revealed that need thwarting in a specific autobiographical memory network related to the theme of loss was positively associated with depressive negative emotions, but not with other negative emotions. Study 2 showed within a prospective design a differential predictive validity between 2 autobiographical memory networks (an anger-related vs. a guilt-related memory) on situational anger reactivity with respect to unfair treatment. All of these results held after controlling for neuroticism (Studies 1 and 2), self-control (Study 2), and for the valence (Study 1) and emotions (Study 2) found in the measured autobiographical memory network. These findings highlight the ongoing emotional significance of representations of need thwarting in autobiographical memory networks. 相似文献
224.
Junyong Lee Kyounghun Lee Frederick Dongchuhl Oh 《Journal for the scientific study of religion》2023,62(2):451-475
We examine how local religions influence derivative usage in the hedge fund industry. Measuring religiosity by the ratio of religious adherents in the county of a U.S. hedge fund headquarters, we find that religiosity is negatively related to the probability of hedge funds using derivatives for speculative purposes. In contrast, funds in regions with higher ratios of Catholics to Protestants are more likely to engage in speculation-based trading of derivatives. Finally, we show that the effects of local religion are more pronounced if the hedge fund size is small. Overall, our study highlights the significant role of local religion in shaping the purpose of hedge fund derivative usage. 相似文献
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Verbruggen F Notebaert W Liefooghe B Vandierendonck A 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2006,13(2):328-333
Recently, several studies have been conducted to investigate the top-down adjustments made after incongruent trials during
conflict tasks. In the present study, we investigated conflict monitoring with different types of conflict. In a modified
version of the flanker task, a distinction was made between stimulus—stimulus conflict and stimulus—response conflict. Six
colors were mapped to three responses in order to exclude all sequences in which a relevant or an irrelevant stimulus- or
response-related feature was repeated from trialn−1 to trialn. An analysis of the effect of the congruency of the previous trial demonstrated that conflict adaptation was present. The
stimulus congruency effect was reduced after both a stimulus-incongruent trial and a response-incongruent trial. The response
congruency effect did not vary as a function of previous congruency. These findings are discussed in relation to the distinction
between conflict detection and conflict regulation. 相似文献
228.
The Mini-IPIP, a 20-item short form of the 50-item International Personality Item Pool-Five-Factor Model measure (Goldberg, 1999), was developed and validated across five studies. The Mini-IPIP scales, with four items per Big Five trait, had consistent and acceptable internal consistencies across five studies (= at or well above .60), similar coverage of facets as other broad Big Five measures (Study 2), and test-retest correlations that were quite similar to the parent measure across intervals of a few weeks (Study 4) and several months (Study 5). Moreover, the Mini-IPIP scales showed a comparable pattern of convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity (Studies 2-5) with other Big Five measures. Collectively, these results indicate that the Mini-IPIP is a psychometrically acceptable and practically useful short measure of the Big Five factors of personality. 相似文献
229.
Frederick L. Philippe Serge Lecours Geneviève Beaulieu-Pelletier 《Journal of personality》2009,77(1):139-176
Abstract Resilience has been frequently associated with positive emotions, especially when experienced during taxing events. However, the psychological processes that might allow resilient individuals to self-generate those positive emotions have been mostly overlooked. In line with recent advances in memory research, we propose that emotional memories play an important role in the self-generation of positive emotions. The present research examined this hypothesis in two studies. Study 1 provided initial data on the validity and reliability of a measure of emotional memories networks (EMN) and showed that it had a predictive value for broad emotion regulation constructs and outcomes. In addition, Study 1 showed that positive EMN mediated the relationship between psychological resilience and the experience of positive emotions in a context of sadness, even after controlling for pre-experimental positive mood. Study 2 replicated results of Study 1 in a context of anxiety and after controlling for positive affectivity trait. 相似文献
230.
Frederick Rhodewalt 《Social and Personality Psychology Compass》2008,2(3):1255-1268
The term self‐handicapping was introduced by Jones and Berglas (1978 ) to refer to the creation of barriers to successful performance for the purpose of controlling attributions about the self. In the event of failure, attributions to lack of ability are diminished or discounted because of the handicap and, in the event of success, attributions to ability are enhanced or augmented because of the handicap. This article reviews over 25 years of research on self‐handicapping. A process model is presented in which individual differences in goals and concerns dynamically interact with situational threats to elicit self‐handicapping behavior which produces consequences that perpetuate the use of the behavior in future situations. 相似文献