Jessika Golle  Fred W. Mast  Janek S. Lobmaier 《Cognition & emotion》2013,27(2):298-310

Previous studies have suggested a link between the processing of the emotional expression of a face and how attractive it appears. In two experiments we investigated the interrelationship between attractiveness and happiness. In Experiment 1 we presented morphed faces varying in attractiveness and happiness and asked participants to choose the more attractive of two simultaneously presented faces. In the second experiment we used the same stimuli as in Experiment 1 and asked participants to choose the happier face. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that the evaluation of attractiveness is strongly influenced by the intensity of a smile expressed on a face: A happy facial expression could even compensate for relative unattractiveness. Conversely, the findings of Experiment 2 showed that facial attractiveness also influences the evaluation of happiness: It was easier to choose the happier of two faces if the happier face was also more attractive. We discuss the interrelationship of happiness and attractiveness with regard to evolutionary relevance of positive affective status and rewarding effects.  相似文献   

    

Olaf Binsch  Herman Van Wietmarschen  Fred Buick 《Military psychology》2013,25(2):99-116

Optimism and perseverance are 2 important assets for soldiers to be able to perform competently in high-risk environments and to complete complex and stressful tasks. Traditionally, optimism is measured using questionnaires and most frequently in a retrospective manner, for example, after a mission is completed. As such, ability to persevere in challenging environments is generally taken into account when it is too late, that is, when the soldier is showing severe signs of deficiency or failing to persevere. Therefore, there is a need for more objective measurements with which to predict perseverance. We conducted and present 2 studies in which the hormone cortisol seems to play a key role, relating with optimism, and possibly predicting perseverance. In the first study, we measured cortisol levels during a computer-simulated military training mission. A significant correlation between cortisol levels and optimism measured by the revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) Scale was found. In the second study, we followed 29 recruits through a demanding military training course required for joining the Dutch Air Mobile Brigade. The recruits who persevered and completed the course had a higher cortisol response to a stressful training event compared with those who leave the course. A regression model showed that a combination of the soldiers’ optimism and cortisol response best predicted perseverance. This study shows that a combination of attitudinal instruments and a biomarker has potential for predicting military training course attrition.  相似文献   

    

Fred Rush 《European Journal of Philosophy》2013,21(Z1):E12-E16

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Fred Busch 《The International journal of psycho-analysis》2010,91(1):23-34

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Fred Rush 《European Journal of Philosophy》2007,15(2):283-296

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Rita Chi‐Ying Chung  Fred Bemak 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2002,80(2):154-159

Empathy has been identified as a core condition for providing counseling. There are numerous articles discussing the components of empathy. However, as the U.S. becomes increasingly ethnically diverse and the world becomes more globalized, there is little discussion on how empathy will be effective with diverse populations. This article discusses the interaction of culture and empathy and suggests guidelines for establishing cultural empathy.  相似文献   

    

Fred J. Hanna  Constance A. Hanna  Susan G. Keys 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1999,77(4):395-404

Fifty strategies for establishing and maintaining a therapeutic relationship with defiant, aggressive adolescents are offered. Many of these are taken from the literature, whereas others are unique to this article. A variety of strategies, ranging from reframes to the use of paradox are provided, and take a transtheoretical approach using ideas from cognitive behavioral as well as existential, Gestalt, psychodynamic, and multicultural therapies. Strategies are arranged under 3 categories: reaching, accepting, and relating. The strong desire of defiant adolescents for freedom and autonomy is also discussed, with suggestions for using this in motivating defiant adolescents to work in counseling.  相似文献   

  总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Fred P. Piercy Ph.D.    Eve Lipchik LCSW    Dave Kiser Ph.D.  LCSW   《Family process》2000,39(1):25-28

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Fred J. Hanna  William B. Talley  Mary H. Guindon 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2000,78(4):430-441

Oppression is defined and identified as the basis of a considerable range of psychopathology. An exploratory transcultural model of counseling based on oppression is introduced with the goal of serving both oppressed and oppressive clients. Perception, as perspicacity, is the key to this exploratory model. The authors suggest that oppressed persons generally possess a considerable degree of perception of their oppressors even though they may be unaware of it. Research from the literature on depressive realism is used to infer support. Counseling approaches to oppressed persons are introduced including a new approach to cognitive therapy and an emphasis on liberation rather than adjustment. Counseling approaches to oppressors are also discussed based on the rehabilitation of empathy and perception.  相似文献   

    

Susan G. Keys  Fred Bemak  Estes J. Lockhart 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》1998,76(4):381-388

School counselors have an important part to play in helping schools respond to the increasing number of students whose mental health needs place them at risk for school failure. This article identifies the shortcomings of the current developmental guidance and counseling service delivery model as it relates to work with at-risk youth. In addition, a transformed model is proposed, with suggestions for changes in program organization and planning, school counselor role and function, and skills and expertise. Potential barriers to change are also identified.  相似文献