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31.
This report describes the case of a young man with a large calcification in the right thalamus that was first diagnosed at 9 years of age. Case history reveals specific eating rituals and other obsessive-compulsive personality traits during the patient's childhood and adolescence, fulfilling diagnostic criteria of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder. After a critical life event the patient develops anorexia nervosa. We suggest that our case and further literature provide evidence for an involvement of specific thalamic structures, such as the dorsomedial nucleus, in the development of anorexia nervosa. Furthermore, the treatment of the patient by a combined psychotherapeutic and pharmacotherapeutic approach is described. We focus on the beneficial effect of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine, which can induce weight gain by an increase of leptin levels. 相似文献
32.
Prof. Dr. Franziska Lamott 《Psychotherapeut》2009,54(4):257-261
The article deals with the instrumentalization of victim status, which achieves a definite material psychosocial and narcissistic advantage. Talk shows cultivate victims and idealize them as heroes thus producing ersatz identities. To be singled out from society as ?innocent“ and to be pitied, admired and perhaps envied by others for the attention they attract, might prove to be a source of narcissistic gratification. So whilst victim identity may transform impotence and weakness into a medium for approval, it also fixes the dichotomy between offender and victim. 相似文献
33.
Although pointing is not part of great apes’ natural gestural repertoire, they can learn to point to food, in order to request
it. To assess the flexibility with which they can use this gesture, one can vary the potential referent of the point. In two
previous studies, three orangutans (two of them human-reared) have shown the ability to point to the location of a tool which
a human experimenter needed in order to give them food. Here, we tested six orangutans and five bonobos using a set-up in
which our subjects had to guide a human experimenter to the hiding place of a fork which was needed in order to retrieve a
piece of food for the subject out of a vertical tube. We further examined the potential role of a competitive/deceptive context
by varying the identity of the person responsible for hiding the tool. In addition, we implemented three different control
conditions in which an object was hidden but it was not necessary to indicate its location to get the food. We found that
the majority of subjects spontaneously guided the experimenter to the hiding place of the fork by pointing to it when it was
necessary and they did so significantly less in control conditions. We did not find an effect of the person hiding the fork.
Our results show that mother-reared orangutans and bonobos are able to point to inform a human about the location of an object
that the human needs to procure food for the subject and that they can take into account whether it is relevant or not to
do so.
相似文献
Felizitas ZimmermannEmail: |
34.
Work and organizational psychology (WOP) research has to date mostly focused on people privileged to have the choice between several attractive job options and less on people who are restricted in their job choice (e.g., due to their qualification or personal contingencies) and have to choose from fewer and often less-than-optimal jobs. Often, the jobs available to the latter are characterized by precarious employment and hazardous working conditions which can put them in the difficult situation of having to choose between a health-threatening job and possible unemployment. Building on interdisciplinary literature, we propose the employment–health dilemma (E-H dilemma) as a framework for analyzing this intrapersonal conflict of having to choose between employment (incurring health threats) and health (incurring economic threats) and discuss potential antecedents and consequences of the E-H dilemma at the societal, organizational, and individual level. We outline the implications of the E-H dilemma and make a case for examining the full spectrum of job choice situations in WOP research. In doing so, we demonstrate what WOP can gain by embracing a more inclusive and multidisciplinary approach: uncovering processes in their entirety (e.g., job choice decisions of all people) and strengthening the role and legitimacy of WOP in society. 相似文献
35.
36.
Franziska Dübgen 《Res Publica》2012,18(1):65-77
Critiques of development aid from its recipient’s sometimes draw our attention to the perception of paternalism on the part
of ‘development industry’ actors. Even within participatory project designs, critical voices recount experiences of clear
power divides and informal hierarchies determining the content and form of ‘cooperation’. While neoliberal as well as neo-Marxist
scholars base their critiques on a distributive scheme of global justice, post-development theory emphasizes respect and recognition
as the central aspect of justice Indeed, post-development theorists continue to complain of neo-colonial power structures
between nations as well as on a micro-level between the ‘experts’ and local people. The latter feel misrecognized in being
judged according to the parameters of Western actors within the international community. This article explores how charges
of misrecognition within development cooperation challenge the assumption by many liberal political theorists that more global
justice could be achieved through more aid. 相似文献
37.
The article describes a general two-step procedure for the numerical translation of vague linguistic terms (LTs). The suggested
procedure consists of empirical and model components, including (1) participants’ estimates of numerical values corresponding
to verbal terms and (2) modeling of the empirical data using fuzzy membership functions (MFs), respectively. The procedure
is outlined in two studies for data from N = 89 and N = 109 participants, who were asked to estimate numbers corresponding to 11 verbal frequency expressions (e.g., sometimes). Positions and shapes of the resulting MFs varied considerably in symmetry, vagueness, and overlap and are indicative of
the different meanings of the vague frequency expressions. Words were not distributed equidistantly across the numerical scale.
This has important implications for the many questionnaires that use verbal rating scales, which consist of frequency expressions
and operate on the premise of equidistance. These results are discussed for an exemplar questionnaire (COPSOQ). Furthermore,
the variation of the number of prompted LTs (5 vs. 11) showed no influence on the words’ interpretations. 相似文献
38.
Visuo-spatial attention can be directed in a top-down controlled way to search for color targets and it can be captured by color contrasts, regardless of color identity. Here we tested whether participants can both search for a particular color target (e.g., red) and make use of a color-contrast cue that predicted the target's most likely position to direct their attention voluntarily. Our results show that this was impossible for the participants. Results support that top-down search for particular colors is incommensurate with directing attention to just any color contrast. The results are discussed in light of the current debates concerning the roles of color and color contrast for visuo-spatial attention. 相似文献
39.
Franziska Kirchmann Renate Schepker Nicole Corpus Jörg M. Fegert Ferdinand Keller Isabel Boege 《Psychotherapeut》2014,59(5):371-377
Background
Due to the increasing importance of effective, patient-oriented treatment options for mentally ill children and adolescents, new alternatives to established inpatient and outpatient care in child and adolescent psychiatry have to be found. Intensive cross-sectoral treatment settings may be an alternative but have not yet been evaluated or implemented in routine care.Aim
The objective of this randomized study was to compare and assess satisfaction with a new model of care within the underlying BeZuHG (“behandelt zu Hause gesund werden”, treated at home become healthy) study with regular inpatient care (TAU). Patients in BeZuHG received early discharge from inpatient care followed by 3 months of intensive home treatment enhanced by clinical elements.Material and methods
Youths and parents were asked to fill in a patient satisfaction questionnaire (BesT) at completion of treatment. Participants in the study were evaluated between April 2012 and January 2013.Results
Neither BeZuHG nor inpatient care was clearly superior. Youths in the control group stated a higher satisfaction with the overall treatment than youths in the BeZuHG group (p?=?0.031), while youths in the BeZuHG group named a significantly higher satisfaction with the home treatment component than with the inpatient component of treatment (p?=?0.007).Conclusion
Patient satisfaction could be shown for inpatient and BeZuHG treatment at discharge. Data may change at follow-up. A long-term follow-up should be implemented to confirm these results or to allow other conclusions. 相似文献40.
This research investigates the formation of consumer attachments to brands contingent upon their attachment anxiety and security. An experiment utilizes a consumer sample and real brands across four product categories (apparel, body care, consumer electronics, and soft drinks) to test the relations between consumer–brand identification and brand attachment dependent on attachment anxiety and attachment security. Consistent with previous research, the findings initially confirm that consumer–brand identification relates positively to brand attachment. Prior work is extended, however, by demonstrating that attachment anxiety has a strong influence on this relationship by moderating the effect of consumer–brand identification on brand attachment but only under low attachment security and with women. Implications relate to attachment research and brand management. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献