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971.
972.
Rizzuto AM 《The Psychoanalytic quarterly》2003,72(2):287-323
Psychoanalysis recruits the power of the spoken word to modify the subject's relationship with his or her own unconscious psychic processes. It helps the analysand to reclaim for his or her words the psychic integrity that was lost or never achieved due to the power of defensive dissociation and repression. The psychoanalytic dialogue and the working through mediated by it lead to the elaboration of self-narratives and interpretive understandings, which contribute to the transformation of the subject's self-experience. Such transformation is conditioned by earlier integration of experiences of satisfaction in the context of bodily dialogues and speech with primary objects. 相似文献
973.
Beyer C González-Flores O García-Juárez M González-Mariscal G 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2003,44(3):221-229
Estrous behavior in rodents is triggered by the binding of progesterone (P) to its intracellular receptor (PR). Non-steroidal agents (i.e., gonadotropin-releasing hormone, noradrenaline, dopamine and others), acting at the membrane, can facilitate estrous behavior in estrogen-primed rats. This action is mediated through the generation of second messengers (cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP, calcium) which, in turn, phosphorylate through diverse kinase systems (protein kinases A, G or C) either the PR or associated effector proteins linking the PR to the trans-activation machinery. P or its metabolites also activate cyclic AMP-signaling pathways by acting directly on the membrane or by modulating neurotransmitter release. Molecular processes resulting from second messenger signaling pathways and those from the progesterone-RP interaction synergize to elicit a full behavioral response. 相似文献
974.
It is very common to find meta-analyses in which some of the studies compare 2 groups on continuous dependent variables and others compare groups on dichotomized variables. Integrating all of them in a meta-analysis requires an effect-size index in the same metric that can be applied to both types of outcomes. In this article, the performance in terms of bias and sampling variance of 7 different effect-size indices for estimating the population standardized mean difference from a 2 x 2 table is examined by Monte Carlo simulation, assuming normal and nonnormal distributions. The results show good performance for 2 indices, one based on the probit transformation and the other based on the logistic distribution. 相似文献
975.
Variations in the state of momentary emotions of Brazilian hospital nurses on day and night shifts were recorded. Ten graduate nurses working on day and night shifts in the clinical ward of hospitals completed the Present Mood States List of Engelmann at the beginning and end of the first and last days of each shift. Analysis indicated (a) nurses had a stable emotional profile, present at the working shift, and (b) variations in present mood states related to specific effects of shift work were observed when comparisons were made between the present mood states at the beginning and end of each shift duty. 相似文献
976.
977.
Measures of icon designs rely heavily on surveys of the perceptions of population samples. Thus, measuring the extent to which
changes in the structure of an icon will alter its perceived complexity can be costly and slow. An automated system capable
of producing reliable estimates of perceived complexity could reduce development costs and time. Measures of icon complexity
developed by Garcia, Badre, and Stasko (1994) and McDougall, Curry, and de Bruijn (1999) were correlated with six icon properties
measured using Matlab (MathWorks, 2001) software, which uses image-processing techniques to measure icon properties. The six
icon properties measured were icon foreground, the number of objects in an icon, the number of holes in those objects, and
two calculations of icon edges and homogeneity in icon structure. The strongest correlates with human judgments of perceived
icon complexity (McDougall et al., 1999) were structural variability (r
s = .65) and edge information (r
s = .64). 相似文献
978.
Baamonde C Lumbreras MA Martínez-Cué C Vallina IF García-Calatayud S Flórez J Dierssen M 《Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1999,3(2):147-162
Neonatal handling is known to induce long-lasting changes in behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to stress. Since the central noradrenergic system participates in the adaptive responses to stressful conditions we have analyzed the effects of postnatal handling on beta-adrenoceptor binding sites and isoprenaline- and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of rats at 1 and 3 months of age. Handled animals showed reduced emotional reactivity and lower ACTH and corticosterone secretion after stress. Binding studies using [(3) H]CGP12-177 revealed increased beta-adrenoceptor binding sites in handled rats in cerebellum and cerebral cortex with no changes in hippocampus, and decreased affinity in all cerebral regions. Handling reduced basal levels of cyclic AMP in hippocampus and cerebellum but not in cerebral cortex. The concentration-response curves of cyclic AMP to isoprenaline were displaced to the right in cerebellum of handled rats without differences in Emax; however, Emax was significantly reduced in cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Direct stimulation of the catalytic subunit of adenylyl cyclase by forskolin reduced the efficiency in hippocampus and cerebellum, but not in cerebral cortex of handled animals. It is concluded that neonatal handling reduces the binding properties of beta-adrenoceptor and its primary biochemical responses in the young rat brain, which may account for the reduced responsiveness to stress attained in the handled rats, and may explain the persistence of the effect. The present study emphasizes the role of the central noradrenergic system in modulating the behavioral and neurendocrine responses to neonatal handling. 相似文献
979.
Permanent and transient effects of repeated preweaning stress on social and sexual behaviors of rats
González Jatuff AS Berástegui M Rodríguez CI Rodríguez Echandía EL 《Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1999,3(2):97-106
We have reported that exposure of preweaning male and female rats to a model of unpredictable mild physical stressors (Neo-A) can decrease the behavioral and hormonal responses to acute and chronic stress as adults. In this paper we have analyzed the effect of Neo-A on development of social behaviors, including aggressiveness, social dominance, and sexual behavior in adulthood. The subjects were divided into two groups: Neo-A (daily exposed to unpredictable mild stresses- from day 2 up to day 15 of suckling; n = 30 litters) and controls (C) (undisturbed rats, except for testing, during the same period of life; n = 26 litters). When day 6 pups were submitted to a social clustering test the Neo-A group showed a higher rate of litter-mate clustering than C. The 35 days Neo-A males and Neo-A females submitted to a social behavior test after 24 h of social isolation also showed higher scores of time spent in active social interaction than controls, as well as a higher ratio of animals showing aggressive playing. A second social behavior test performed after 48 h of social isolation at days 75-80 of age revealed that only Neo-A females displayed increased social behavior and aggressive behaviors, whereas controls did not. A water competition test performed at 24 and 48 h after water deprivation showed that Neo-A adult males spent more time in possession of the drinking device and drank more frequently than C. When adult proestrous females were exposed to a sexual behavior test, the Neo-A group showed shorter latency and higher scores of lordosis quotient. These results support the view that exposure to this model of repeated mild stress early in life stimulates the development of social behavior, dominance and sexual behavior. 相似文献
980.
J. Olivares L. J. García-López M. D. Hidalgo S. M. Turner D. C. Beidel 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1999,21(1):67-78
The objective of this study is to examine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the SPAI in a sample of adolescent Spaniards. The results obtained support the use of the correlated two-factor SPAI subscales and indicate high coefficient alpha values for the SPAI subscales. The results provide support for the use of the SPAI in an adolescent population in a non-English-speaking country. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the Social Phobia subscale showed a four-factor structure, instead of a five-factor dimension, as suggested by previous studies. Effects for gender and age and gender interaction were found. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed. 相似文献