Assessing Spiritual Health via Four Domains of Spiritual Wellbeing: The SH4DI

This study argues for the assessment of spiritual health in terms of four domains of wellbeing concerned with self, community, environment, and God. This view of spiritual health is supported by data from 311 teachers in the UK. The Spiritual Health in Four Domains Index (SH4DI) developed from these data both provides an overall index of spiritual health and distinguishes among six different spiritual health perspectives represented by personalists, communalists, environmentalists, religionists, existentialists, and globalists.     

The Influence of the Charismatic Movement on Local Church Life: A Comparative Study among Anglican Rural,Urban and Suburban Churches

This study employs multiple regression analysis to examine the influence of the charismatic movement on three samples of Anglican churches: 1,553 churches in villages and rural communities, 983 churches in urban communities, and 584 churches in suburban communities. The data demonstrate that the charismatic movement has taken root among Anglicans most securely in urban environments and least securely in rural environments. In all three environments the charismatic movement is associated with positive signs of church growth.     

Incidental learning of abstract rules for non-dominant word orders

One way in which adult second language learners may acquire a word order that differs from their native language word order is through exposure-based incidental learning, but little is known about that process and what constrains it. The current studies examine whether a non-dominant word order can be learned incidentally, and if so, whether the rule can be generalized to new words not previously seen in the non-dominant order. Two studies examined the incidental learning of rules underlying the order of nouns and verbs in three-word strings. The self-timed reading speeds of native English speakers decreased as a result of practice with a non-dominant rule (words ordered either as “verb noun noun” or “noun noun verb”). The same pattern of results was also found for new words ordered according to the previously encountered rule, suggesting learning generalized beyond the specific instances encountered. A second experiment showed such rule learning could also occur when the nouns were replaced with pronounceable pseudowords. Learning was therefore possible in the absence of any pre-existing relationships between the items. Theoretical and educational implications are discussed. Gwen Schmidt is now with the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania. Tom Carr has returned to the Department of Psychology, Michigan State University. Ben Clegg’s contribution to this research was supported in part by Army Research Office Grant W9112NF-05-1-0153.     

试新隋唐时期的民间弥勒信仰

在中古时代,佛教对中国文化产生了深远影响,还极大地影响了民间社会生活。通过对隋唐时期佛教流传状况和佛教弥勒信仰渊源的阐释,来分析隋唐时期弥勒信仰对当时社会生活的影响。     

天津市幼儿教师社会化现状的调查与分析

随机抽取天津市十三所幼儿园的445名幼儿教师为调查对象,通过对其社会化内容和策略的问卷调查,探讨了天津市幼儿教师社会化发展的基本状况,结果发现：（1）幼儿教师“起始阶段”的职业选择主要受其父母影响,且对其职业大多认同,但对其孩子的职业期望,未表现出特殊偏向;（2）幼儿教师在社会化过程中对工作技能的学习认同度最高,而对单位政治的了解程度最低;（3）在影响幼儿教师社会化的诸多因素中,其主动策略占主导地位,幼教机构的社会化策略也占有重要地位;（4）观察／模仿策略是幼儿教师使用得最多的主动策略,而伴随策略是幼教机构最经常使用的社会化策略。     

跨职能知识共享对团队创新绩效的影响机制探索

以扎根理论的研究方法,从知识有效共享的角度分析了跨职能整合对团队创新绩效的影响。结果证明：（1）成员之间的知识共享是实现跨职能整合和提高产品创新绩效的关键机制;（2）知识共享行为受到创新氛围、共同目标和组织支持的共同影响;（3）认知障碍是观点冲突产生的主要原因,而知识共享有助于冲突的解决。在此基础上,本研究对比了不同管理措施对团队创新绩效的作用,为组织管理实践提供了借鉴。     

Investigating latent constructs with item response models: A MATLAB IRTm toolbox

Item response theory (IRT) models are the central tools in modern measurement and advanced psychometrics. We offer a MATLAB IRT modeling (IRTm) toolbox that is freely available and that follows an explicit design matrix approach, giving the end user control and flexibility in building a model that goes beyond standard models, such as the Rasch model (Rasch, 1960) and the two-parameter logistic model. As such, IRTm allows for a large variety of unidimensional IRT models for binary responses, the incorporation of additional person and item information, and deviations from common model assumptions. An exclusive key feature of the toolbox is the inclusion of copula IRT models to handle local item dependencies. Two appendixes for this report, containing example code and information on the general copula IRT in IRTm, may be downloaded from brm.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental.     

时距知觉中的情绪效应

情绪极易影响时距知觉,致使主观时距偏离客观时距。新近研究者们结合日趋成熟的标量计时模型及神经学相关依据,并通过采用标准化情绪诱发材料的实验研究,较为系统地解释了情绪的生理唤醒和注意唤醒两种成分各自对内部计时机制造成的干扰效应。研究发现,两种效应中前者会加长主观时距而后者会使其缩短,且分别有不同的发生特点。该文在介绍国内外关于时距知觉中的情绪效应的新近研究基础上,提出应从探索两种效应的分离方法、考虑记忆效应因素以及增加实验自变量的数目和取值水平三个方面来开展进一步的研究     

社会通则及其有关研究

长期以来,心理学对文化差异的研究以价值观为主导。2002年Leung等人提出了社会通则概念（Social Axiom）,使得对文化差异的研究有了新载体。社会通则区别于价值观、社会态度、人格特质等概念,它是个体对于他人、社会、物质和精神世界的一般化信念,特指个体对两个概念或者两个实体关系的一般性认识。研究者编制的社会通则问卷具有良好的信效度。该问卷在40多个国家的应用表明,社会通则在不同文化和社会背景下具有共同的5个维度,即愤世嫉俗、社会多样性、付出有回报、宗教性和命运控制。社会通则的研究从新视角探讨了文化差异以及心理机制和行为表现的关系,为社会心理学提供了新的研究方向。     

人际目标认知三视角模型

人际关系对自我管理有着重要的意义。关系对象会影响个体的目标设置和目标追求,个体在日常生活中所追求的目标也会影响其人际关系的进程。Fitzsimons等人提出了人际目标认知三视角模型,强调目标在自我和他人关系中的重要作用。模型主要介绍了目标与重要他人之间的双向复杂关系,并对影响二者关系的调节变量进行了分析。未来研究应该在深入探讨重要他人与目标之间关系的基础上扩大人际关系对象的范围,考察一般他人与目标的关系及其心理机制。