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411.
Giulio E. Lancioni Mark F. O'Reilly Nirbhay N. Singh Doretta Oliva Francesca Campodonico Jop Groeneweg 《Behavioral Interventions》2003,18(1):53-61
This study assessed whether stimulation and microswitch‐based programs maintained their positive impact on indices of happiness over time. Three people with multiple disabilities, who had participated in a study comparing these programs, continued to be exposed to them over a maintenance period of 5 or 6 months. Maintenance data showed that the frequencies of indices of happiness increased or remained unchanged for two participants and declined for the third. The frequencies of microswitch activations were higher for two of the participants and largely unchanged for the other. Procedural aspects of the study, implications of the findings, and relevant issues for new research are discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
412.
413.
Mehmet Eskin Omar Kujan Martin Voracek Amira Shaheen Mauro Giovanni Carta Jian‐Min Sun Chris Flood Senel Poyrazli Mohsen Janghorbani Kouichi Yoshimasu Anwar Mechri Yousef Khader Khouala Aidoudi Seifollah Bakhshi Hacer Harlak Muna Ahmead Maria Francesca Moro Hani Nawafleh Louise Phillips Abdulwahab Abuderman Ulrich S. Tran Kanami Tsuno 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2016,57(6):554-563
This paper reports the results of a comparative investigation of attitudes to suicide and suicidal persons in 5,572 university students from 12 countries. Participants filled out two scales measuring attitudes towards suicide and suicidal persons, a measure of psychological distress together with the questions about suicidal behavior. Results showed that the highest suicide acceptance scores were observed in Austrian, UK, Japanese and Saudi Arabian samples and the lowest scores were noted in Tunisian, Turkish, Iranian and Palestinian samples. While the highest social acceptance scores for a suicidal friend were noted in Turkish, US, Italian and Tunisian samples, the lowest scores were seen in Japanese, Saudi Arabian, Palestinian and Jordanian samples. Compared to participants with a suicidal past, those who were never suicidal displayed more internal barriers against suicidal behavior. Men were more accepting of suicide than women but women were more willing to help an imagined suicidal peer. Participants with accepting attitudes towards suicide but rejecting attitudes towards suicidal persons reported more suicidal behavior and psychological distress, and were more often from high suicide rate countries and samples than their counterparts. They are considered to be caught in a fatal trap in which most predominant feelings of suicidality such as hopelessness or helplessness are likely to occur. We conclude that in some societies such as Japan and Saudi Arabia it might be difficult for suicidal individuals to activate and make use of social support systems. 相似文献
414.
Alexander E. Chan Francesca M. Adler-Baeder Adrienne M. Duke Scott A. Ketring Thomas A. Smith 《The American journal of family therapy》2016,44(1):36-45
This study sought to answer whether there is an association between parent-adolescent relationship processes and adolescents' awareness of unhealthy relationships. Adolescent awareness of unhealthy relationships was measured using a retrospective pre/post survey after participation in a relationship education (RE) program that has been adapted for use with youth. Supportiveness in the parent-child relationship was measured at pre-test. The sample consisted of 6984 adolescents aged 11–18. The sample was fairly representative of the areas from which it was drawn: 54% European American, 36% African American. Results revealed significant improvement in awareness of unhealthy relationships after program participation. Greater supportiveness predicted greater change in the outcome. This suggests that RE programs targeted at youth should specifically inform parents of goals so that they may be reinforced in parents' interactions with their adolescents. 相似文献
415.
The aim of this study was to investigate the coping strategies that Swedish 10 and 12 year‐olds (N = 694) suggested they would use if they were cyberbullied, with a special focus on whether there are differences in these strategies related to age and gender. The most commonly suggested coping strategy was telling someone, especially parents and teachers (70.5%). Surprisingly few of the pupils reported that they would tell a friend (2.6%). Differences in suggested coping strategies were found related to age and gender. Findings are discussed in relation to the Swedish sociocultural context as well as in relation to the implications for prevention strategies against cyberbullying. 相似文献
416.
Fiorenzo Laghi Armando Cotugno Francesco Cecere Arianna Sirolli David Palazzoni Francesca M. Bosco 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2014,105(4):509-523
This study aimed to investigate psychosocial functioning and different dimensions of theory of mind (ToM) in people with bulimia nervosa (BN) and Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified‐BN type (EDNOS‐BN). Psychosocial functioning and ToM were assessed in a sample of young adult females, 16 BN and 16 EDNOS‐BN outpatients and 16 healthy controls (HCs). They were assessed using the Eating Disorder Inventory‐Symptom Checklist‐2 (EDI‐2 SC) for evaluating psychological traits associated with eating disorders; the Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised (SCL‐90‐R) for evaluating psychopathological status; and the Theory of Mind Assessment Scale (Th.o.m.a.s.), a semi‐structured interview aimed at assessing a person's different dimensions of ToM. The BN and EDNOS‐BN groups exhibited worse performance than the control group on all dimensions of the SCL‐90‐R, and on all dimensions of the EDI‐2 SC. The only difference for perfectionism was that BN obtained higher scores than EDNOS‐BN group. Our results also revealed an impairment of third‐person and second‐order ToM in patients with bulimia (BN and EDNOS‐BN) with respect to control subjects. These preliminary data have important implications for future empirical work, in that they provide valuable information regarding the importance of investigating the various facets of ToM ability separately, in order to provide a more detailed profile of ToM functioning in the clinical samples. 相似文献
417.
Twenty 22‐month‐old typically developing children (TD), 11 children with Down syndrome (DS) and 10 children with autism (A), all functioning at a one‐ or two‐word linguistic level, were given eight series of four toys to explore. In each series, the first three toys (i.e. Trials 1–3) were identical, but the fourth toy (i.e. Trial 4) differed on a property or in identity. The children sat beside their mother and the experimenter while exploring the toys. Of interest was whether (1) the TD children would show more exploratory and communicative behavior related to the toys on Trials 1 and 4 than 2 and 3, and (2) how the response patterns of nontypically developing children would compare. The DS group showed a pattern of responding similar to that of the TD group with respect to their attention and interest in the toys, although a much lower rate of communicating with their mother. In contrast, the A group differed significantly from both other groups with respect to both the toys they found of interest and the timing of their topic initiations. Implications for observing declarative communication among children with Down syndrome and children with autism are discussed. 相似文献
418.
Chevalier Pauline Kompatsiari Kyveli Ciardo Francesca Wykowska Agnieszka 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2020,27(2):217-236
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review - This article reviews methods to investigate joint attention and highlights the benefits of new methodological approaches that make use of the most recent... 相似文献
419.
Viđak Marin Buljan Ivan Tokalić Ružica Lunić Anita Hren Darko Marušić Ana 《Science and engineering ethics》2020,26(6):3437-3454
Science and Engineering Ethics - We assessed students’ and employees’ perception of ethical climate at a university school of medicine compared to that of social sciences and... 相似文献
420.
Studies in Philosophy and Education - 相似文献