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231.
Melissa L. Glasser Rebecca A. Williamson Şeyda Özçalışkan 《Journal of psycholinguistic research》2018,47(3):741-754
Children can understand iconic co-speech gestures that characterize entities by age 3 (Stanfield et al. in J Child Lang 40(2):1–10, 2014; e.g., “I’m drinking” \(+\) tilting hand in C-shape to mouth as if holding a glass). In this study, we ask whether children understand co-speech gestures that characterize events as early as they do so for entities, and if so, whether their understanding is influenced by the patterns of gesture production in their native language. We examined this question by studying native English speaking 3- to 4 year-old children and adults as they completed an iconic co-speech gesture comprehension task involving motion events across two studies. Our results showed that children understood iconic co-speech gestures about events at age 4, marking comprehension of gestures about events one year later than gestures about entities. Our findings also showed that native gesture production patterns influenced children’s comprehension of gestures characterizing such events, with better comprehension for gestures that follow language-specific patterns compared to the ones that do not follow such patterns—particularly for manner of motion. Overall, these results highlight early emerging abilities in gesture comprehension about motion events. 相似文献
232.
S. Gonçalves B. César Machado A.I. Vieira 《Revue Européene de Psychologie Appliquée》2022,72(1):100704
IntroductionIt is well known that eating disorders (EDs) are related to intimacy difficulties and to previous adverse experiences; however, little is known about dating abuse and how this kind of abuse is related to the different facets of body investment and emotion regulation difficulties in EDs. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of dating abuse in ED outpatients and to evaluate the moderating role of difficulties in emotion regulation in the relationship between dating abuse and the different facets of body investment.MethodSixty-four ED outpatients (95.3% females; aged from 15 to 30 years) completed self-report measures regarding dating abuse, body investment, difficulties in emotion regulation, and ED symptoms.ResultsApproximately 89% of ED outpatients identified a current or past dating relationship. Of those, 51 (89.5%) reported at least one episode of dating abuse perpetration, and 52 (91.2%) reported at least one episode of dating abuse victimization. Emotional abuse was the most reported type of dating abuse. High levels of dating abuse were related to elevated body care in participants with more difficulties in emotion regulation. The remaining models, incorporating the other facets of body investment, did not show significant moderating effects.DiscussionA substantial number of ED outpatients reported dating abuse. Pending longitudinal replication, body care may be used as a strategy to deal with dating abuse in the absence of more adaptive emotion regulation strategies. 相似文献
233.
234.
Silva Antonio C. S. Alvarenga Patrícia Barros Luísa de Mendonça Filho Euclides J. 《Journal of child and family studies》2022,31(9):2594-2607
Journal of Child and Family Studies - Childhood chronic illness is associated with deleterious effects on caregivers’ mental health and children’s socio-emotional development. This... 相似文献
235.
Okuzono Sakurako S. Shiba Koichiro Lee Harold H. Shirai Kokoro Koga Hayami K. Kondo Naoki Fujiwara Takeo Kondo Katsunori Grodstein Fran Kubzansky Laura D. Trudel-Fitzgerald Claudia 《Journal of Happiness Studies》2022,23(6):2581-2595
Journal of Happiness Studies - Optimism has been linked to better physical health across various outcomes, including greater longevity. However, most evidence is from Western populations, leaving... 相似文献
236.
Sonntag P Gokalsing E Olivier C Robert P Burglen F Kauffmann-Muller F Huron C Salame P Danion JM 《Consciousness and cognition》2003,12(2):190-200
Conscious awareness comprises two distinct states, autonoetic and noetic awareness. Schizophrenia impairs autonoetic, but not noetic, awareness. We investigated the strategic regulation of relevant and irrelevant contents of conscious awareness in schizophrenia using a directed forgetting paradigm. Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia and 21 normal controls were presented with words and told to learn some of them and forget others. In a subsequent test, they were asked to recognize all the words they had seen previously and give remember, know or guess responses according to whether they recognized words on the basis of autonoetic awareness, noetic awareness, or guessing. Overall, patients showed the same degree of a directed forgetting effect as normal subjects. However, whereas the effect was observed both for remember and know responses in normal subjects, it was observed for know, but not for remember, responses in patients. These results indicate that patients with schizophrenia exhibit an impaired strategic regulation of contents of autonetic awareness for relevant and irrelevant information. 相似文献
237.
According to the dual-process model of moral judgment, utilitarian responses to moral conflict draw on limited cognitive resources. Terror Management Theory, in parallel, postulates that mortality salience mobilizes these resources to suppress thoughts of death out of focal attention. Consequently, we predicted that individuals under mortality salience would be less likely to give utilitarian responses to moral conflicts. Two experiments corroborated this hypothesis. Experiment 1 showed that utilitarian responses to non-lethal harm conflicts were less frequent when participants were reminded of their mortality. Experiment 2 showed that the detrimental effect of mortality salience on utilitarian conflict judgments was comparable to that of an extreme concurrent cognitive load. These findings raise the question of whether private judgment and public debate about controversial moral issues might be shaped by mortality salience effects, since these issues (e.g., assisted suicide) often involve matters of life and death. 相似文献
238.
Britvić D Glučina D Antičevič V Kekez V Lapenda B Đogaš V Dodig G Urlić I Moro I Frančišković T 《International journal of group psychotherapy》2012,62(3):418-435
Due to the long-lasting and resistant symptoms characteristic of chronic combat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), its treatment is complex and often requires a tailored therapeutic approach incorporating both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. A multimodal approach of psychoeducative, sociotherapeutic, and dynamically oriented trauma-focused groups is described. We assessed the short- and long-term effectiveness of this therapeutic program by monitoring its impact on PTSD symptoms, depression, neurotic symptoms, coping skills, and quality of life for three years. The findings revealed short-term reduction in the symptoms of PTSD and depression, while the long-term results were manifested as the increased use of all coping mechanisms and a greater level of obsession. 相似文献
239.
In two experiments, we examined the role of discrepancy on readers’ text processing of and memory for the sources of brief
news reports. Each story included two assertions that were attributed to different sources. We manipulated whether the second
assertion was either discrepant or consistent with the first assertion. On the basis of the discrepancy-induced source comprehension
(D-ISC) assumption, we predicted that discrepant stories would promote deeper processing and better memory for the sources
conveying the messages, as compared to consistent stories. As predicted, readers mentioned more sources in summaries of discrepant
stories, recalled more sources, made more fixations, and displayed longer gaze times in source areas when reading discrepant
than when reading consistent stories. In Experiment 2, we found enhanced memory for source–content links for discrepant stories even when intersentential connectors were absent,
and regardless of the reading goals. Discussion was focused on discrepancies as one mechanism by which readers are prompted
to encode source–content links more deeply, as a method of integrating disparate pieces of information into a coherent mental
representation of a text. 相似文献
240.
R Ortega P Elipe JA Mora-Merchán ML Genta A Brighi A Guarini PK Smith F Thompson N Tippett 《Aggressive behavior》2012,38(5):342-356
Past research has demonstrated the effects of bullying can be severe and long term for the individuals involved. The main aim of this study is to analyze the emotional impact on victims of traditional bullying, both direct and indirect forms, and of cyberbullying through mobile phones and the Internet. A sample of 5,862 adolescents from three different countries, Italy (N = 1,964), Spain (N = 1,671), and England (N = 2,227), responded to a questionnaire that asked if they had experience of various forms of bullying, and the consequent emotional impact. The results show that both traditional bullying and cyberbullying have a significant prevalence in the samples. Emotional responses are linked to types of bullying. Analysis of answers identified specific emotional profiles for the different types of bullying and cyberbullying. Direct bullying and cyberbullying via mobile phone showed similar profiles, and also indirect bullying and cyberbullying using the Internet. Similarities and differences between profiles are discussed and some hypotheses are presented to explain the results. In addition, school grade, gender, country, and severity of bullying episodes were related to the specific emotional profiles of each type of bullying. Aggr. Behav. 38:342‐356, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献