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61.
Two hundred male and 200 female undergraduates judged pictures of middle-aged women and middle-aged men for their immediate emotional appeal. Pictures had been selected to be of middle attractiveness and to represent individuals who appeared to be between 35 and 55 years old. Subjects made judgments under one of the following social conditions: in private, or in small groups which were all male, all female, or half male and half female. Social condition and subjects' sex affected judgments significantly, and there were some significant complex interactions between these two variables and the sex of the stimulus picture. Male and female subjects privately judged middle-aged women to be more attractive than middle-aged men, but the effect was reversed when judgments were made publicly in groups. As predicted, members of all-male groups judged middle-aged women to be considerably less attractive than middle-aged men. Members of all-female groups, and both the men and the women in mixed-sex groups, judged middle-aged women to be only slightly less attractive than middle-aged men.The authors wish to thank Linda Andrews, Dayna Buskirk, Anne Grealy and Lori Monda for their assistance. 相似文献
62.
Despite the importance of affectionatecommunication for relational development andmaintenance, individuals expressing affection incur anumber of risks, including possible misinterpretation ofthe expressions as sexual overtures. These risks appear to bemagnified in the male-male relationship, where overtexpressions of affection may be all but prohibited bynormative expectancies. The present study examines expectancies for appropriate male-maleaffection. Although empirical research supports the ideathat overt affection is considered less appropriate inmale-male relationships than in relationships with women, it also suggests that three variablesmay moderate this expectancy: relationship type,emotional intensity of the context, and privacy level ofthe context. An experimental procedure with 140 men (approximately 95% caucasian) confirmed themoderating effects of these variables. 相似文献
63.
Otto Pedraza Vonetta M. Dotson Floyd B. Willis Neill R. Graff-Radford John A. Lucas 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2009,31(4):412-416
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) is one of the most widely used self-rated mood questionnaires for older adults. It is
highly correlated with clinical diagnoses of depression and has demonstrated validity across different patient populations.
However, the reliability of the GDS among African American older adults remains to be firmly established. In a baseline sample
of 401 African American adults age 51 and over, the GDS-15 item short form demonstrates good internal consistency (KR20 = .71).
Stability over a 15-month interval in a retest sample of 51 adults is deemed adequate (r = .68). These findings support the use of the GDS-15 item short form as a reliable mood questionnaire among African American
older adults. 相似文献
64.
Deborah C. Beidel Samuel M. Turner Brennan J. Young Robert T. Ammerman Floyd R. Sallee Lori Crosby 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2007,29(1):46-53
Sixty-three adolescents with social phobia and 43 with no psychiatric disorders were compared across a number of clinical
variables. In addition to clinically impairing social fear, adolescents with social phobia had significantly higher levels
of loneliness, dysphoria, general emotional over-responsiveness and more internalizing behaviors than normal controls and
57.1% of socially phobic adolescents had a second, concurrent diagnosis, 75% of which were other anxiety disorders. In addition,
adolescents with social phobia were significantly less socially skilled. Though similar in some respects to childhood social
phobia, adolescent social phobia has a unique clinical presentation. The importance of developmental differences on the development
of age-appropriate interventions is discussed. 相似文献
65.
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67.
Patricia L. Hansell Beverly E. Thorn Steven Prentice-Dunn Donna L. Floyd 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》1998,5(2):133-145
Women experiencing infertility, pregnancy, medical gynecological problems, or annual checkups were assessed for primary appraisal of their stressor and types of coping strategies used. Diagnostic category approximated the subjective appraisal of stressor for pregnant (challenge) and checkup (no stress) groups. Most participants in the medical gynecological problems group appraised their stress as a threat, but a few participants chose other appraisal categories. Infertility was associated with two categories of appraisal—loss and challenge. Participants appraising their stressor as a loss made greater use of the coping strategies of Action, Wishful Thinking, and Fatalism than did women appraising their stressor as a challenge, a threat, or not stressful. Women appraising infertility as challenge were less distressed than women in any other group. The bimodal perception of infertility has implications for treating women who seek psychological help. 相似文献
68.
The rapid clinical implementation of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening, a non-invasive method of prenatal genetic screening, has outpaced research on its social and ethical implications. This study is the first to compare the ethical and practical views of Spanish- and English-speaking pregnant women in the United States about cfDNA screening. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with diverse Spanish- and English-speaking women who had received prenatal care at a large academic medical center. Of the 24 interviewees, ten were Latinas who were interviewed in Spanish; English-language interviews were conducted with seven non-Hispanic Asian and seven non-Hispanic White women. Participants held positive opinions concerning the accuracy of cfDNA screening and often noted that it would enhance preparedness. Participants also expressed concerns about the possibility of inaccurate results and the potentially negative effects of cfDNA screening on the experience of pregnancy. Differences emerged between Spanish and English speakers in their portrayals of their relationships with prenatal health care providers, the extent to which they questioned providers’ advice, their ethical concerns, and their informational needs. We emphasize the importance of customizing prenatal test counseling to the needs of the individual patient, providing educationally appropriate counseling and literature, and mitigating potential language barriers. 相似文献
69.
S J Lopez L M Edwards R K Floyd J Magyar-Moe J D Rehfeldt J A Ryder 《Perceptual and motor skills》2001,93(3):825-828
This study investigated the differences between the Standard and Short forms of MicroCog by comparing Domain scores for a clinical sample of 351 substance abusers which gave a significant difference between scores on the Spatial Processing Domain. Implications for research and clinical use are discussed. 相似文献
70.
F J Floyd S N Haynes E R Doll D Winemiller C Lemsky T M Burgy M Werle N Heilman 《Psychology and aging》1992,7(4):609-621
A 2-part investigation developed a measure of retirement as a life transition. Study 1 generated items from interviews with retirees (n = 40) and service providers. Item analysis with recent retirees (n = 86) produced a 51-item Retirement Satisfaction Inventory assessing 6 areas: preretirement work functioning, adjustment and change, reasons for retirement, satisfaction with life in retirement, current sources of enjoyment, and leisure and physical activities. Study 2 examined a heterogeneous sample of men (n = 159) and women (n = 243) retires. Factor analyses produced internally consistent subscales. Moderate, but acceptable, test-retest reliability was demonstrated. Satisfaction scores correlated with concurrent measures and, together with pre- and postretirement experiences, discriminated 4 groups of voluntary and involuntary retirees. Few effects related to gender, socioeconomic status, length of retirement, and part-time employment were found. 相似文献