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911.
John W. Fisher 《International Journal of Children's Spirituality》1999,4(1):29-49
Interviews with 98 teachers from a variety of schools were used to develop a definition of spiritual health, and to establish how these teachers thought spiritual health might best be fostered and what hindered its development in the school curriculum. A recurring theme, which seemed to be coming through the comments from teachers in this study, was the very important role that teachers play in helping students develop relationships. This was of vital importance as spiritual health was seen as being reflected in the quality of relationships that students develop with themselves, others, the environment, and with a Transcendent Other. The characteristics of teachers most frequently mentioned as desirable for the promotion of spiritual health were classified as follows:
? caring, sensitive, personal approach;
? concern for individuals;
? committed to personal beliefs and values.
Investigation of these teacher characteristics showed variation by gender, personal view of spiritual health, major curriculum concern, teacher and school type. Implications of these variations are discussed in this paper, together with the role of Spiritual Facilitator, to help nurture students' spiritual health. 相似文献
912.
This work evaluated the prospect that organizational accounts of the retention of list information by monkeys might be an
artifact of familiarity with conditional relationships. Seven sophisticated macaques were trained on four five-item lists.
Each acquisition selectively excluded one of the internal conditional pairs of the typical four-problem sequence (AB,BC,CD,DE)
that defines a five-item serially ordered list. Then, all possible novel pairings and the trained pairs appeared together
in a test. After this, the previously omitted pair was trained and animals were retested. On all tasks, initial tests revealed
little organization and much intersubject variability of characteristic choice strategies, but subsequent inclusion of all
four conditional pairs always yielded organized serial choice. On both the four-problem tests and in a later retention, errors
were directly related to interitem distance between the objects paired on test trials. These results helped to specify the
conditions required for demonstration of non-human primate analogs of transitivity, and showed that even sophisticated monkeys
organize information in retention only if they know all interitem relationships.
Received: 7 October 1998 / Accepted after revision: 10 October 1999 相似文献
913.
914.
Neuropsychological characteristics and test behaviors of boys with early onset conduct problems. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
M L Speltz M DeKlyen R Calderon M T Greenberg P A Fisher 《Journal of abnormal psychology》1999,108(2):315-325
School-age children and adolescents with conduct problems typically exhibit deficits in verbal IQ, language abilities, and executive functions. This study examined the extent to which this pattern was evident in a clinic group of preschool boys with early onset conduct problems who met criteria for oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A 2nd question focused on the strength of relation between clinic boys' uncooperative or inattentive test behaviors and their test performance. As expected, the clinic boys showed a neuropsychological profile highly similar to the one found in older conduct problem populations. Verbal tests distinguished clinic from matched comparison boys even after controlling for observers' ratings of disruptive behavior during testing. Clinic boys with ODD and ADHD had lower verbal and executive function scores than clinic boys with ODD alone. After general vocabulary knowledge and test behavior were controlled, clinic boys were found to have poorer vocabularies for describing affective states than comparison group boys. 相似文献
915.
International Journal for Philosophy of Religion - 相似文献
916.
This study explores whether alternating betweenthe pronouns he and she ina text is an effective way to avoid sexist language.Participants were psychology students at a largemidwestern university and were predominately White and frommiddle-class backgrounds. Students read two versions ofan essay, one that alternated between masculine andfeminine pronouns and one that exclusively used paired, he or she-type pronouns. Readersperceived the alternating version to be biased in favorof females and lower in overall quality than the pairedversion. However, the alternating version appeared to be more effective at combating sexism,suggesting an alternating strategy may be desirable forauthors with this goal. If the author is not primarilyconcerned with increasing readers' awareness of gender issues, techniques such as pluralization or thesingular they may be moreappropriate. 相似文献
917.
We examined 443 drawings from the Texas state lottery from 1992 to 1997 to determine whether odd pricing effects would be found in multimillion-dollar lotteries. Specifically, we predicted that many more lottery tickets than expected would be purchased when the jackpot amount was $10 million than when it was $9 million. Three findings emerged. First, the higher the jackpot, the more tickets were purchased. Second, odd pricing effects were found at $10 million such that approximately 670,000 more tickets were purchased than expected. Third, controlling for the jackpot amount, there were approximately 620,000 fewer tickets purchased for each drawing per year. This final finding provides evidence that people are becoming less interested in multimillion-dollar lotteries. 相似文献
918.
919.
Julie Aitken Harris Robert Saltstone Maryann Fraboni 《Journal of business and psychology》1999,13(3):447-455
A modified version of Caplan's Job Stress Questionnaire (JSQ) was administered to 169 male and 56 female entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs were found to have higher levels of stress associated with workload than with role ambiguity and underutilization of skills. Compared to scores reported previously for various occupational categories, the entrepreneurs scored significantly higher than did white collar, blue collar, and professional groups on the workload scale and significantly lower on scales measuring role ambiguity and under-utilization of skills. These results may be due to the nature of entrepreneurial activity, which is often characterized by heavy workloads, long hours, and a self-established role in the organization. Additionally, the factorial composition of the JSQ and its internal consistency were examined. Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity at the item and subscale level confirmed the a priori dimensions of the JSQ, although the internal consistency of the scales were low to moderate. The need for various improvements in the measurement of occupational stress is briefly discussed. 相似文献
920.