A prevailing view in contemporary philosophy of mind is that zombies are logically possible. I argue, via a thought experiment, that if this prevailing view is correct, then I could be transformed into a zombie. If I could be transformed
into a zombie, then surprisingly, I am not certain that I am conscious. Regrettably, this is not just an idiosyncratic fact
about my psychology; I think you are in the same position. This means that we must revise or replace some important positions
in the philosophy of mind. We could embrace radical skepticism about our own consciousness, or maintain the complete and total
infallibility of our beliefs about our own phenomenal experiences. I argue that we should actually reject the logical possibility
of zombies. 相似文献
The role of separating task-relevant from task-irrelevant aspects of the environment is typically assigned to the executive
functioning of working memory. However, pervasive aspects of auditory distraction have been shown to be unrelated to working
memory capacity in a range of studies of individual differences. We measured individual differences in global pattern matching
and deliberate recoding of auditory sequences, and showed that, although deliberate processing was related to short-term memory
performance, it did not predict the extent to which that performance was disrupted by task-irrelevant sound. Individual differences
in global sequence processing were, however, positively related to the degree to which auditory distraction occurred. We argue
that much auditory distraction, rather than being a negative function of working memory capacity, is in fact a positive function
of the acuity of obligatory auditory processing. 相似文献
This research focuses on the spiritual care experiences of patients and families at a hospital in Australia. Twenty-four patients and 10 family members were interviewed. Results indicate the importance of relatedness: being treated as a person, reminded of your capabilities and conversations about what matters. Maintaining contact with friends and family, sustaining religious and spiritual practices, music therapy and pet therapy were also significant and contact with the natural world and shared activities. The results indicate the importance of spirituality offered through pastoral care, and that all those involved in health care can contribute to the spiritually nurturing environment that reinforces healing.
In this study we examined the relationships among partner abuse, work quality, and women's sense of self. In particular, we explored the potential for women's work to serve as an alternative source of feedback for the self in the context of partner abuse. The sample consisted of 100 working women who reported experiencing a range of partner abuse. Relationships among partner abuse, work quality, and three self constructs were tested using multivariate multiple regression. Work quality was significantly and positively associated with self at work and general self-esteem and approached significance for self at home. There were no significant associations between partner abuse and self at work. Partner abuse was negatively and significantly associated with self at home and approached significance for self-esteem. These varied results support the importance of assessing multiple aspects of the self and the potential of women's work to be a resource in the context of partner abuse. 相似文献
The effect of hippocampal denervation on olfactory memory in rats was tested after interrupting the lateral olfactory tract projections at the level of the entorhinal cortex. When lesioned animals were trained to learn new odors, they showed no evidence of retention 3 h after acquisition. These results confirm earlier data on rapid forgetting in rats after hippocampal deafferentation and are in parallel to the anterograde amnesia typically found in humans with hippocampal damage. On the other hand, preoperatively learned information was minimally impaired after hippocampal deafferentation even if it was acquired within less than 1 h before the lesion. This finding differs from reports on humans as well as monkeys with hippocampal damage where memories formed during a critical time span of months or even years before the lesion are found to be impaired. This may suggest that the consolidation process in humans and rodents has different time scales or that the roles of the human and the rat hippocampal structure in memory formation are somewhat different. 相似文献
This paper describes sudden extreme drops in blood pressure in both experimental and clinical situations when a person is talking about or describing situations of hopelessness and helplessness. These changes are discussed in the context of historical perspectives about the cardiovascular system. A new perspective is introduced, one in which these blood pressure changes are seen as part of an unheard cry for understanding. It is hypothesized that such changes do not occur in response to a person's attempts to communicate a sense of hopelessness, but rather are the biological foundations of the hopelessness itself. Viewed from such a context an entirely new therapeutic approach is outlined regarding the treatment of patients suffering from a wide variety of psychosomatic as well as psychological disturbances. 相似文献
This paper describes sudden extreme drops in blood pressure in both experimental and clinical situations when a person is
talking about or describing situations of hopelessness and helplessness. These changes are discussed in the context of historical
perspectives about the cardiovascular system. A new perspective is introduced, one in which these blood pressure changes are
seen as part of an unheard cry for understanding. It is hypothesized that such changes do not occur in response to a person’s
attempts to communicate a sense of hopelessness, but rather are the biological foundations of the hopelessness itself. Viewed
from such a context an entirely new therapeutic approach is outlined regarding the treatment of patients suffering from a
wide variety of psychosomatic as well as psychological disturbances. 相似文献
During the past 20 years, interest has arisen concerning the existence of a specific police personality. Much of the early studies had significant methodological difficulties. The present study aimed to examine the personality traits of ‘Positive and Negative Affectivity’ in a group (n = 699) of serving Scottish police officers. The PANAS scale (Watson, Clark & Tellegen, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063–1070, 1988) suggested that the sample did not differ from the norm on either of these indices. No differences were found according to age or length of service, which brings into question previous assertions made concerning the role of the police organisation in the development of police personality. However, the complexity of the issue was demonstrated, as differences in affectivity were observed according to gender, marital status, rank, working location and job satisfaction level. 相似文献