宗宝本《六祖坛经》"止恶行善"论析

以明朝以来流传最广的宗宝本《六祖坛经》为蓝本,分析了六祖慧能大师所云"止恶行善"与佛教持戒、功德的内在关系,揭示出《六祖坛经》般若观照下的"止恶行善",即是持戒。学人若不能做到"心平",则应"以戒为师";而只有在般若观照下"三轮体空"无执的布施行善,才能是功德,否则不可将福德变为功德。     

ALI/ARDS患者糖皮质激素的治疗效果和时机

急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)是临床各科经常遇到的急症,其发病机制主要是中性粒细胞向炎症部位的移动,释放出大量的炎性介质和细胞因子,引起肺泡毛细血管膜通透性增高,弥漫性肺损伤和蛋白性肺泡水肿液聚集等病理生理改变。临床表现为呼吸困难、呼吸窘迫、顽固的低氧血症,虽然使用机械通气和呼气末正压通气(PEEP)后,其病死率有所下降,但仍然维持在50%左右。就糖皮质激素的作用机制,对不同原因引起的ALI/ARDS治疗效果,使用时机作一综述,期望对ALI/ARDS治疗过程中糖皮质激素的使用予以规范。     

哮喘教育和管理工作中的一些新的启示与思考

简要叙述了目前哮喘防治中存在的问题,提出必须彻底转变哮喘防控模式,简单介绍了我们自己的哮喘教育和管理的具体做法及其效果,最后就哮喘的防控和管理提出一些值得思考的问题,包括建立和谐医患关系,减轻医疗经济负担,建立新型疾病防控模式和医疗服务体系等。     

阿霉素对心肌影响的实验研究

阿霉素(adriamycin,ADM)临床上广泛用于多种恶性肿瘤的治疗,但ADM可致严重的心肌毒性。目前许多肿瘤疾病采取先化疗后麻醉、手术治疗方案,化疗药对心肌的损伤并没有引起临床医生的足够重视,尤其是麻醉科医生,我们应慎重考虑阿霉素等化疗药对心肌的影响,保障围手术期的安全。     

is affirmative action still necessary?

The influences of socio‐race, racial identity development, gender, educational level, and age on promotion and compensation decisions by midlevel supervisors in industry were examined in this analogue study of 74 midlevel business and industry supervisors. The participants varied in socio‐racial classifications, gender, educational levels, and age. Results of this study indicated statistically significant differences in promotion rates of female analogue employees, rates of promotion between White male and Black male supervisors, and the rate of promotion when comparing older versus younger supervisors.     

Misunderstanding the affective consequences of everyday social interactions: the hidden benefits of putting one's best face forward

Positive self-presentation may have beneficial consequences for mood that are typically overlooked. Across a series of studies, participants underestimated how good they would feel in situations that required them to put their best face forward. In Studies 1 and 2A, participants underestimated the emotional benefits of interacting with an opposite sex stranger versus the benefits of interacting with a romantic partner. In Study 2B, participants who were instructed to engage in self-presentation felt happier after interacting with their romantic partner than participants who were not given this instruction, although other participants serving as forecasters did not anticipate such benefits. Increasing the generalizability of this self-presentation effect across contexts, the authors demonstrated that participants also underestimated how good they would feel before and after being evaluated by another person (Studies 3 and 4). This failure to recognize the affective benefits of putting one's best face forward may underlie forecasting errors regarding the emotional consequences of the most common forms of social interactions.     

浅析骨关节炎的几个认识误区

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)的病因复杂,不只是老年人才患的疾病.骨质增生作为OA的继发性改变,已经明确,不应误解甚至误导患者滥施治疗.运动损伤可以促成OA;运动疗法又可以改善OA的症状和功能,有益于身体健康.要立足于现代医学、循证医学,以客观的立场辩证的角度去看待OA,才能不断提高对此类疾病的认识和诊治水平,更好地服务于人民群众.     

抗菌药物合理应用的宏观和微观问题

抗菌药物不合理应用现象长期得不到纠正,细菌耐药稳步攀升,正引起医学界、社会和政府的高度关注.本文就宏观上的抗菌药物使用政策与微观上的临床用药两方面存在的问题进行探讨.介绍了国际上关于抗菌药物政策的研究以及抗菌药物合理使用的新观点(尽早开始经验性治疗、"降阶梯"治疗策略、运用抗菌药物PK/PD原理指导临床用药、短程治疗).主张调整宏观抗生素策略,去除该政策单纯、片面限制使用和应用药敏实验结果指导临床用药绝对化的做法,吸纳国际上的新成果,强化监管力度,更多采用教育和技术手段.     

哮喘教育和管理工作中的一些新的启示与思考

简要叙述了目前哮喘防治中存在的问题,提出必须彻底转变哮喘防控模式,简单介绍了我们自己的哮喘教育和管理的具体做法及其效果,最后就哮喘的防控和管理提出一些值得思考的问题,包括建立和谐医患关系,减轻医疗经济负担,建立新型疾病防控模式和医疗服务体系等.     

生物-心理-社会医学模式与控烟及吸烟相关性疾病的防控

大量流行病学研究证实,吸烟是导致肺癌的首要危险因素.因此,控烟才是解决问题的根本途径.本文简述了吸烟的主要危害及目前我国吸烟的现状,在此基础上提出需要在生物-心理-社会医学模式的理论框架下全面考虑控烟及吸烟相关疾病的预防和管理.