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931.
Hyun-Ah Kim 《Reformation & Renaissance Review》2017,19(2):122-134
Ficino explained the relationship between music, the soul and body along with the cultivation of singing as an integral part of intellectual and spiritual exercise – as the ‘contemplation of the divine.’ This article elucidates the musica humana which underlies the Platonic theology of music reclaimed by Ficino, in terms of the animae musica that exists in reason alone. It explains how the animae musica was perceived and pursued by Ficino, drawing upon his theory of the music-spirit (spiritus) relationship. It argues that the musica humana, which consists only in the voice, is embodied when the animae musica is imitated by the music involving speech (sermo), which the Platonists find in the gravis musica that is vocal, poetic and modulated. It then explains why as a human imitation of divina musica, vocal music in various metres, especially metrical psalmody, lies at the core of the sixteenth-century reform of sacred music. 相似文献
932.
When comparing the component structures of a multitude of variables across different groups, the conclusion often is that the component structures are very similar in general and differ in a few variables only. Detecting such “outlying variables” is substantively interesting. Conversely, it can help to determine what is common across the groups. This article proposes and evaluates two formal detection heuristics to determine which variables are outlying, in a systematic and objective way. The heuristics are based on clusterwise simultaneous component analysis, which was recently presented as a useful tool for capturing the similarities and differences in component structures across groups. The heuristics are evaluated in a simulation study and illustrated using cross-cultural data on values. 相似文献
933.
This research investigates the development of Mormon masturbation attitudes and reports new data on the psychosexual struggle
with masturbation that is prevalent in Mormon culture today. It is the first comprehensive overview of the entire history
of Mormon masturbation policies and attitudes from the founding of the church in 1830 to the present. This history is invaluable
to researchers, clinicians, educators, clergy, and individuals who seek to understand the unique sexual attitudes within Mormon,
culture. We believe these data may also prove valuable to those who are responsible to create health guidelines, moral standards,
or spiritual policy that includes statements about masturbation. We begin by tracing the development of American masturbation
attitudes that preceded Mormonism. These attitudes laid a foundation from which the subculture of Mormonism developed various
unique and some-times countercultural attitudes. Vern Bullough details these historical roots, from the development of degenracy
theory in early American medicine to the dramatic changes in masturbation attitudes that resulted from modern medical discoveries
and sexological research. We found that Mormonism sometimes ignored, and at other times appears to have adopted these various
attitudes from secular culture. Mark Kim Malan reviews the literature of Mormonism, beginning with official church masturbation
policy, followed by the various viewpoints promoted in Mormon popular literature. Mormon literature offers evidence that cultural
masturbation attitudes vary and have continued to change over time. Next, he reviews the scientific, literature on Mormon
masturbation including available quantitative, qualitative, and phenomenological data. The data reveals a surprising diversity
among Mormon viewpoints. This research demonstrates that official Mormon masturbation policy often contrasts dramatically
with the private testimonials of individual rank and file Mormons. These data offer important insights into many of the unique
psychosexual health problems that modern Mormons face within their culture today. 相似文献
934.
Integrated analysis of indigenous psychologies: Comments and extensions of ideas presented by Shams, Jackson, Hwang and Kashima 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The purpose of the present paper is to provide an integrated analysis of indigenous psychologies and to outline the epistemological foundation of indigenous psychologies. In the first part of this paper, the authors provide commentary of the four articles in this Special Issue. In the second section, the epistemological foundation of general psychology is reviewed. General psychology has adopted positivism in search of abstract and universal laws of human behavior and eliminated the subjective aspects of human functioning (i.e. agency, meaning, intention and goals) and the influence of context and culture. In the third section, the authors introduce the transactional model of science. In this approach, human beings are viewed as agents of their own action and are motivated to control and manage their environment. In the fourth section, indigenous psychologies and culture are defined. Cultural differences exist due to the diverse goals that cultures pursue, the methods people use to attain the goals, and the differential use of natural and human resources. In the fifth section, a review of empirical studies focusing on academic achievement is provided to highlight the scientific merits of indigenous psychologies. In the final section, the authors distinguish between the speculative analyses of indigenous concepts from systematic indigenous analyses. Indigenous psychologies represent a scientific paradigm in which the goal is to create a more rigorous, systematic and universal science that can be theoretically and empirically verified. 相似文献
935.
Rachel Burmeister H Julia Hannay Kim Copeland Jack M Fletcher Amy Boudousquie Maureen Dennis 《Child neuropsychology》2005,11(3):265-283
This study addressed the incidence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes in children with spina bifida meningomyelocele and shunted hydrocephalus (SBH) as well as differences in executive functions among these subtypes. Parent rating scales revealed that 31% of the group with SBH could be identified with AD/HD, mostly the Inattentive type (23%). The group with SBH differed from normal controls on cognitive measures of executive functions, but subtype differences were not significant. Multivariate tests showed that children with SBH were rated with greater difficulties on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) compared to controls; those with SBH and any subtype of ADHD differed from those with SBH and no ADHD; and those with ADHD (Combined Type) differed significantly from those with ADHD (Predominantly Inattentive Type). Subtype differences on univariate tests in the latter comparison were significant on the BRIEF Inhibit scale, showing more disinhibition in those with SBH and ADHD (Combined Type), but no significant differences were apparent on the BRIEF Sustain, Shift, and Initiate scales. The results show that the incidence of ADHD in children with SBH exceeds the population rate, is represented by problems with inattention rather than with impulsivity and hyperactivity; and that as with non-brain injured individuals, subtype differences in cognitive function remain to more clearly delineated. 相似文献
936.
For the last 20 years, developmental psychologists have measured the variability in lexical development of infants and toddlers using the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (CDIs) - the most widely used parental report forms for assessing language and communication skills in infants and toddlers. We show that CDI reports can serve as a basis for estimating infants' and toddlers'total vocabulary sizes, beyond serving as a tool for assessing their language development relative to other infants and toddlers. We investigate the link between estimated total vocabulary size and raw CDI scores from a mathematical perspective, using both single developmental trajectories and population data. The method capitalizes on robust regularities, such as the overlap of individual vocabularies observed across infants and toddlers, and takes into account both shared knowledge and idiosyncratic knowledge. This statistical approach enables researchers to approximate the total vocabulary size of an infant or a toddler, based on her raw MacArthur-Bates CDI score. Using the model, we propose new normative data for productive and receptive vocabulary in early childhood, as well as a tabulation that relates individual CDI measures to realistic lexical estimates. The correction required to estimate total vocabulary is non-linear, with a far greater impact at older ages and higher CDI scores. Therefore, we suggest that correlations of developmental indices to language skills should be made to vocabulary size as estimated by the model rather than to raw CDI scores. 相似文献
937.
Uriah Y. Kim 《Reviews in Religion & Theology》2011,18(1):4-12
What is minority biblical criticism? Why do all biblical scholars need to engage with it? Do race and ethnicity, sex and gender, and political and socio‐economic concerns matter in interpreting the Bible? Leading minority scholars of the Bible from African American, Asian American, and Latino/a American communities come together to answer these questions and break grounds for further cooperation and development of this much‐needed hermeneutical strategy. The authors in this volume willfully disobey the rules of objectivity and universality and shatter the pretension of those who claim that one's context has no bearing on their interpretation of the text. They push the boundaries of the discipline of biblical studies and take the interdisciplinary turn in order to create a space in which minority biblical criticism can stand on its own. 相似文献
938.
This study analyzed subjective transportation deficiency, in terms of missing activities due to lack of transportation, of the older population aged 65 and over in the United States. This study found that those who have lower personal automobile accessibility and minority females are more likely to experience transportation deficiency. Older people who have lower income, have lived for a relatively short period (3–10 years) in their communities, and live with minors are also more likely to experience lack of transportation. Older people who live in suburban communities have greater transportation deficiency, but the placement of activity locations within walking distance can improve transportation deficiency among older people who do not drive. The availability of public transit services within walking distance and knowledge about transportation alternatives do not significantly affect the transportation deficiency of the older population. The results indicate that a substantive focus should be given to how to help the older population keep driving as long as they can, and aid communities with high concentrations of older minority females. Also, developing activity clusters containing commercial and social service facilities in suburban areas with high concentrations of older populations, has the potential to alleviate transportation deficiency among this widely observed group of people who age in place. 相似文献
939.
Most infant social referencing studies have assumed that infants would be more likely to engage in social looking and be influenced by adults' message when a context is ambiguous. The present study empirically tested the effect of stimulus ambiguity on infants' referencing behaviours, with three different stimuli (positive, ambiguous, and negative), two different messages (happy and fearful), two different message providers (mother and stranger), and in two age groups (12 and 16 month olds). A typical social referencing paradigm was used and infants' social looking and regulation were measured. Infants looked at adults more frequently and faster during ambiguous situations than during unambiguous situations. They also tended to regulate their affect and behaviour based on adults' message only towards ambiguous toys. Older infants tended to look at adults faster, and showed stronger reactions towards ambiguous stimuli than younger infants, suggesting that infants' social development may moderate the effect of stimulus ambiguity on social referencing. Overall, results indicated that the ambiguity postulate is a legitimate assumption for infant social referencing. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
940.
Kim Sungmoon 《Dao》2011,10(3):291-309
This article argues that, contrary to conventional wisdom, Xunzi’s and Hobbes’s understandings of human nature are qualitatively
different, which is responsible for the difference in their respective normative political theory of a civil polity. This
article has two main theses: first, where Hobbes’s deepest concern was with human beings’ unsocial passions, Xunzi was most
concerned with human beings’ appetitive desires (yu 欲), material self-interest, and resulting social strife; second, as a result, where Hobbes strove to transform the pathological
(anti-)politics of resentment into the politics of recognition by creating rational egalitarian citizenship under the all-encompassing
constitutional sovereign power, Xunzi attempted to nourish human beings’ basic appetitive desires (yu 欲) by instituting a li 禮 ordered civil entity. This article concludes by showing how Confucian civility that Xunzi reconstructed by means of the
li 禮 can effectively deal with unsocial passions. 相似文献