Internal and External Shame in Healthy and Chronically Ill Samples: Exploring Links to Psychological Health

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings - This study aimed to examine the role of decentering and committed action as mediators of the link of external and internal shame with...     

Three Sibling Survivors’ Perspectives of their Father’s Suicide: Implications for Postvention Support

Journal of Child and Family Studies - This qualitative case study describes three adult siblings’ experiences and their perceptions of support connected with the time before and after their...     

Disorientation and self-consciousness: a phenomenological inquiry

Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences - The present paper explores the phenomenology of disorientation and its relationship with self-consciousness. Section 1 discusses previous literature on...     

Using Autonomous Teams to Improve Quality of Life of People with Intellectual Disabilities

Applied Research in Quality of Life - This research study tested an intervention, based on autonomous teams and the service co-creation approach, to improve the social inclusion and...     

Motion integration during motion aftereffects

The perceived global motion of a stimulus depends on how its different local motion-direction vectors are distributed in space and time. When they are explicitly co-localized, as in the case of locally paired motion, competitive motion integration mechanisms produce a unitary global motion direction determined by their vector average. During motion aftereffects induced by simultaneous adaptation to multiple motion directions, just as in the case of locally paired motion, different directional signals originate simultaneously from exactly the same position in space. Therefore, the perceived global motion direction during motion aftereffects results from local vector averaging of the co-localized motion-direction signals induced by adaptation.     

Categories, prototypes and memory systems in Alzheimer's disease

Recent studies indicate that category learning is mediated by multiple neuronal systems. It has been shown that patients with marked impairments in executive functions, explicit memory and procedural learning can categorize the exemplars and prototype of a previously trained category. Simple, self-organizing neuronal networks can explain prototype learning and related dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease, and provide a model of how prototype learning is mediated by circumscribed mechanisms in the visual cortex.     

Auditory and multisensory aspects of visuospatial neglect

Spatial neglect is a common neurological syndrome in which awareness of contralesional space is disrupted after unilateral (typically right) stroke. Although most research has focused on visual aspects of neglect, there is increasing evidence that neglect can often be multisensory. Here we focus on auditory disturbances that can co-occur with visual neglect. Patients selected for showing visual neglect often also show deficits in localization of single sounds; and also in the detection or identification of contralesional sounds, particularly in the presence of an ipsilesional competitor. Moreover, auditory and visual aspects of neglect often correlate in their severity across patients. These results are considered in relation to recent neuroimaging findings in the normal brain, showing that the brain regions typically damaged in neglect patients might contain multimodal representations of space.     

How choice ecology influences search in decisions from experience

Research into human decision-making has often sidestepped the question of search despite its importance across a wide range of domains such as search for food, mates, allies, visual targets or information. Recently, research on decisions from experience has made progress in finding out how individual characteristics shape search for information. Surprisingly little is known, however, about how the properties of the choice ecology shape people's search. To fill this void, we analyzed how two key ecological properties influence search effort: domain of choice (gains vs. losses) and experienced variance (variance vs. no variance). Many people search longer when facing the prospect of losses relative to gains. Moreover, most people search more in options in which they experience variance relative to options they experience as invariant. We conclude that two factors that have been identified as important determinants of choice also influence search of information.     

Bridging team faultlines by combining task role assignment and goal structure strategies

This study tests whether the detrimental effects of strong diversity faultlines on team performance can be counteracted by combining 2 managerial strategies: task role crosscutting and superordinate goals. We conducted a 2 (crosscut vs. aligned roles) × 2 (superordinate vs. subgroup goals) experimental study. Seventy-two 4-person teams with faultlines stemming from gender and educational major performed a complex decision-making task. The results show that teams with crosscut roles perform better when they are assigned a superordinate goal than a subgroup goal, whereas teams with aligned roles are not affected by goal manipulations. This effect is mediated by elaboration of task-relevant information. Implications for theory and management of team faultlines are discussed.     

Semiorders with separability properties

We analyze different separability conditions that characterize the numerical representability of semiorders through a real-valued function and a strictly positive threshold. Any necessary and sufficient condition for the numerical representability of an interval order by means of two real-valued functions is proved to also characterize the Scott–Suppes representability of semiorders provided that a key additional condition of regularity with respect to sequences holds.