家庭状况对交警情绪状态的影响

目的:研究一线交警情绪状态以及家庭变量的影响.方法:从陕西省某市随机抽取259名一线交警,使用马氏倦怠问卷中文版(CMBI)和中国心理健康量表(CMHI)测查其工作和生活中的情绪体验.结果:(1)81.5％的交警出现了工作倦怠,其中有62.1％出现耗竭;耗竭得分显著高于人格解体和成就感降低;心理健康与情绪体验得分均低于全国平均水平.(2)已婚、有孩子、与配偶和子女合住的交警耗竭更为严重,家庭变量对生活情绪体验没有影响.结论:交警情感耗竭严重,情绪体验差;家庭带来的压力大于所提供的支持.     

汉文佛教文献学体系构想

在汉文佛教文献研究与整理工作取得相当成绩的今天,有必要建立一门专门处理汉文佛教文献的学科,即汉文佛教文献学.本文初步提出汉文佛教文献学的概念,并在此基础上初步建构了汉文佛教文献学的学科体系,认为汉文佛教文献学应由实体层面、方法层面、历史层面与理论层面四部分的研究组成.     

暴力性视频游戏线索诱发游戏欲望的注意机制

以32名经常玩暴力性游戏的高中学生为被试,采用线索暴露范式、情绪Stroop范式和分离式情绪Stroop范式探讨了暴力性视频游戏线索对诱发游戏者游戏欲望的作用及其注意机制.结果发现:(1)暴露于暴力性视频游戏线索可显著提高游戏者的游戏欲望.(2)游戏者对暴力性视频游戏线索具有显著的注意偏向,但在注意的编码阶段未见同样的效应.     

预先应对:一种面向未来的应对

预先应对是个体针对未来的潜在压力源所提前采取的预防性措施。文章阐述了预先应对的概念及特点,分析了预先应对的发展阶段和影响因素并讨论了预先应对对个体的利与弊。     

浅谈老年患者择期手术麻醉问题

随着社会老龄化,老年患者占手术麻醉比例逐年增加.对手术和麻醉危险因素、各重要器官的储备功能和应激能力的评估,以及了解老年人随年龄变化而产生的药效学和药代学改变,给予老年择期手术患者个体化麻醉是极其重要的.     

Children’s Depressive Symptoms in Relation to EEG Frontal Asymmetry and Maternal Depression

This study examined the relations of school-age children’s depressive symptoms, frontal EEG asymmetry, and maternal history of childhood-onset depression (COD). Participants were 73 children, 43 of whom had mothers with COD. Children’s EEG was recorded at baseline and while watching happy and sad film clips. Depressive symptoms were measured using parent-report of Children’s Depression Inventory. The key findings are the interaction effects between baseline and film frontal EEG asymmetry on child depressive symptoms. Specifically, relative right frontal EEG asymmetry while watching happy or sad film clip was associated with elevated depressive symptoms for children who also exhibited right frontal EEG asymmetry at baseline. Results suggest that right frontal EEG asymmetry that is consistent across situations may be an marker of depression-prone children.     

深化对社会横向发展规律的研究

随着全球化的深入发展和现代化进程的快速推进,人类社会的横向发展问题日益受到学界的关注。对于社会横向发展的具体过程加以实际考察或实证研究固然是必不可少的,但仅仅限于对发展历程的描述和实证性研究尚远远不够;我们更应当对社会横向发展予以深刻的历史哲学观照。如果说社会横向发展实质上是人类历史从分散的发展走向整体的发展,是世界历史的形成过程,那么,     

Randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on posttraumatic growth of Chinese breast cancer survivors

Breast cancer (BC) patients in China suffered from a variety of psychology stress such as perceived stress and anxiety, posttraumatic growth (PTG) as a positive factor could promote their psychology health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on promoting PTG, decreasing perceived stress and anxiety of Chinese BC patients. A randomized controlled trial of 60 BC patients (Stages I–III) was conducted. They were randomly divided to the 8-week MBSR group or usual care (UC) group. PTG inventory, Perceived Stress Scale of Chinese version (CPSS) and State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) evaluated the PTG level, perceived stress and anxiety at three times(before intervention-T1, after intervention-T2 and follow up at 3 months-T3). A repeated-measures analysis of variance model was used to compare each outcome measure of two groups at the three times. There was one patient discontinued the intervention and one lose to follow up in MBSR group, finally 58 BC patients completed the research. There was no difference between two groups before the intervention. The results showed significant improvements in MBSR group comparing with the UC group that PTG level was much higher after the 8-week intervention and the follow up (F = 34.73, p < .00). At the same time, CPSS (F = 14.41, p < .00) and STAI (F = 15.24, p < .00) scores were significant decreased at T2 and T3. The results showed that MBSR promoted the level of PTG and decreased perceived stress and anxiety state of Chinese BC patients, and the results persisted at three months after intervention. The research preliminary proved that MBSR was suitable to Chinese BC patients. MBSR should be recommending to BC survivors in China.     

热休克蛋白7O在动脉粥样硬化发病中的双重作用

大多研究表明,热休克蛋白70通过抗凋亡、抗氧化及抗炎症反应而在动脉粥样硬化发病中起保护作用.但亦有研究表明,热休克蛋白70通过促凋亡、促进炎症反应而在动脉粥样硬化的发生发展中起促进作用.说明热休克蛋白70在动脉粥样硬化发病中有双重作用,进行基础研究和临床干预时应考虑到其双面性.     

社会距离对他人行为表征的影响:评价内容效价的作用

心理距离的建构水平理论认为,人与人之间的亲密度具有心理距离特性(即社会距离),人们对心理上远距离的客体或事件的表征倾向于采用高水平建构,而对心理上近距离的客体或事件的表征倾向于采用低水平建构。本研究以特质性和行动性行为描述句子为实验材料,通过两个实验考察了社会距离(亲密舍友/公选课上认识的同性同学)对他人正性和负性行为评价的影响,以探讨评价内容效价对于建构水平的心理距离效应的调节作用。实验结果发现:(1)随着社会距离的延伸,被试对社会远距离他人的正性行为更倾向于高水平的特质性表征,但在负性行为上未获得明确的类似效应;(2)相对于社会远距离他人,被试对社会近距离他人正性行为和负性行为的评价分数均较高,提示人际熟悉度对他人行为的表征具有一定的调节作用。