Limitations of object-based feature encoding in visual short-term memory

The present study investigated object-based feature encoding in visual short-term memory for 2 features within the same dimension that occur on different parts of an object. Using the change-detection paradigm, this experiment studied objects with 2 colors and objects with 2 orientations. Participants found it easier to monitor 1 rather than both features of such objects, even when decision noise was properly controlled for. However, no object-based benefit was observed for encoding the 2 features of each object that were of the same dimension. When similar stimuli were used but the 2 features of each object were from different dimensions (color and orientation), an object-based benefit was observed. These results thus impose a major constraint on object-based feature encoding theories by showing that only features from different dimensions can benefit from object-based encoding.     

Feature integration across parts in visual search

In the present study, participants searched for a conjunction of color and orientation either from the same part of an object (same-part display), or from different parts of an object (different-part display). While no difference was found between the two display conditions in single feature searches, conjunction search in the same-part display was significantly faster than that in the different-part display. This same-part advantage applies to both the inner part as well as the outer part of an object. These results suggest that features are more readily integrated if they are from the same part of an object than if they are from different parts of an object. The formation of object part representations thus influences how features are integrated and encoded during visual information processing.     

Content differences for abstract and concrete concepts

Concept properties are an integral part of theories of conceptual representation and processing. To date, little is known about conceptual properties of abstract concepts, such as idea. This experiment systematically compared the content of 18 abstract and 18 concrete concepts, using a feature generation task. Thirty-one participants listed characteristics of the concepts (i.e., item properties) or their relevant context (i.e., context properties). Abstract concepts had significantly fewer intrinsic item properties and more properties expressing subjective experiences than concrete concepts. Situation components generated for abstract and concrete concepts differed in kind, but not in number. Abstract concepts were predominantly related to social aspects of situations. Properties were significantly less specific for abstract than for concrete concepts. Thus, abstractness emerged as a function of several, both qualitative and quantitative, factors.     

Infants' knowledge of objects: beyond object files and object tracking

Two independent research communities have produced large bodies of data concerning object representations: the community concerned with the infant's object concept and the community concerned with adult object-based attention. We marshal evidence in support of the hypothesis that both communities have been studying the same natural kind. The discovery that the object representations of young infants are the same as the object files of mid-level visual cognition has implications for both fields.     

COVID-19 non-death loss and acceptance coping: A 3-wave cross-lagged panel analysis

Numerous individuals have lost loved ones during the COVID-19 pandemic while millions of others have also experienced ongoing pervasive non-death loss. The understanding of how people deal with non-death loss is still relatively limited. Incorporating theory of coping and loss, this study examines the reciprocal relationship between non-death loss and acceptance coping. Based on the results of a cross-lagged panel model involving 314 participants in China, we found that before the end of the zero-Covid policy, non-death loss at Time 1 predicted less acceptance coping at Time 2, but in the opening up stage in late 2022, non-death loss at time 2 did not predict acceptance coping at time 3. The findings have significant implications for understanding the interplay between non-death loss and acceptance coping and highlights abrupt psychological changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.     

Plague God Image in the Clinic1

This paper selects four dreams before and during COVID-19 which constellated the Plague God image in Chinese culture. The author argues that this shows evidence that the origins of the modern psyche, although hidden, are preserved and living within the ancient anima mundi.     

组织行为学在中国之发展与领导行为研究

一、发展的历程 组织行为学做为一门独立学科被介绍到中国是70年代末80年代初的事,但中国心理学家早已注意到这方面的问题,而且在自己的研究工作中涉及到有关的课题,当时多采用工业心理学、劳动心理学或工程心理学的名称。 早在中华人民共和国成立之前,一些心理学家就考虑到在工业生产中有关人的因素     

关于几种照明的视觉疲劳的实验研究

本实验研究以眼的调节辐合时间,亮度辨别力和视觉疲劳的主观估计作指标,比较了八种不同照明条件下勾销工作所造成的视觉疲劳,得到了较一致的结果。实验者就视觉疲劳的测量问题进行了初步探讨。     

3—6岁幼儿控制自己行为能力的发展特点和影响发展的因素

本文对3—6岁幼儿在不同活动中和不同语言指示下控制自己行为的能力进行了研究。实验的结果表明:幼儿在有兴趣的活动中,容易控制自己的行为。成人给予明确具体的语言指示,或对其活动加以组织,对三岁幼儿控制自己行为的能力不起什么作用,对四岁以上幼儿才逐渐起作用,这种作用随着年龄增长而增大。成人单纯以语言来加强动机作用对各年龄组幼儿均无作用;但动机与一定的角色情境相结合,则有显著效果。由此可见,幼儿有意控制自己行为的能力是逐步发展的。因此,为提高幼儿控制自己行为的能力,对不同年龄的幼儿应采取不同的措施。     

幼儿空间表征的初步实验研究

本实验分别从运动、照片和“地图”方面对4岁、5岁和6岁儿童在真实空间中的心理旋转及对参照信息的使用等空间表征的发展作了初步考察,结果发现,(1)运动部分客体定位最容易,“地图”部分其次,照片部分最难,(2)心理旋转能力在不同的实验方式下有不同的表现;(3)儿童的自我中心性反应也是相对的,并不一律依存于儿童的年龄,还与客观标记的作用有关。