Taste familiarity and apomorphine-induced taste aversions in humans

Human volunteers learned taste aversions to a relatively novel cranberry flavor paired with apomorphine-induced illness. These aversions were significantly reduced by pretreatment familiarization to the flavor unless an unpalatable interfering flavor was introduced just prior to the administration of apomorphine. The outcomes have implications for taste-aversion learning in humans and for the control of flavor preferences in patients undergoing illness-inducing chemotherapy.     

Women''s liberation, stuttering, and the concern for fluency

At a large urban speech and hearing center, the sex ratio of male to female stutterers was found to be decreasing, showing that more female stutterers were referring themselves or being referred for treatment. This may or may not indicate that the women's liberation movement is having a deleterious effect on stuttering incidence for females. However, it may indicate more of a concern for fluency among females when compared to males. The study could be an indication that concern for fluency among upward striving females should be studied in more depth.     

The alleviation of short-term retention decrements with reactivation

Retention of spatial information by rats was shown to decrease significantly over a 90-sec retention interval. However, this decrement was alleviated significantly when a reactivation or cueing treatment was presented during the 90-sec interval. Further, the rate of forgetting following reactivation was shown to be similar to that which occurs following original information input. The implications of these findings for information loss models of forgetting were discussed.