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81.
Alison Diaper David J. Nutt Marcus R. Munafò Joanna L. White Eric W. Farmer Jayne E. Bailey 《Military psychology》2013,25(6):615-622
The inhalation of 7.5% CO2 has been shown to induce cognitive effects similar to anxiety. Sixteen healthy participants (14 male; mean age 25.6 years) inhaled either a mixture of 7.5% CO2 gas or air while playing a group combat computer game. Participants reported greater feelings of anxiety and fired fewer bullets when inhaling CO2 compared with air, indicating CO2-induced anxiety may improve efficiency without task-related decrements. Being able to induce controlled and measured anxiety in group situations by CO2 inhalation may be a useful technique when evaluating response to stressful situations, such as combat, in simulators or real-life scenarios. 相似文献
82.
Thomas W. Farmer Cristin M. Hall Margaret P. Weiss Robert A. Petrin Judith L. Meece Michele Moohr 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(1):78-88
This study examined the school adjustment of adolescents with disabilities and their nondisabled peers in a national sample
of rural high school students. The total sample consisted of 7,376 students: 6,704 nondisabled students, 70 students with
emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD), 512 students with learning disabilities (LD), and 90 students identified as English
language learners (ELL). Teacher ratings on the Interpersonal Competence Scale-Teacher (ICS-T) were used to assess students’
adjustment on seven factors: academic, affiliative, aggressive, internalizing, popular, Olympian, and shy. Cluster analyses
were used to identify distinct configurations of competence and risk separately for boys and girls. Differences between educational
classifications were identified for the ICS-T factors and for the interpersonal competence configurations. Students with EBD
were overrepresented in Multi-risk configurations (aggressive high-risk profiles), students with LD were overrepresented in
both the Multi-risk and Disengaged (non-aggressive high-risk profiles) configurations, and students identified as ELL were
overrepresented in Disengaged configurations. 相似文献
83.
Most horses have a side on which they are easier to handle and a direction they favour when working on a circle, and recent studies have suggested a correlation between emotion and visual laterality when horses observe inanimate objects. As such lateralisation could provide important clues regarding the horse’s cognitive processes, we investigated whether horses also show laterality in association with people. We gave horses the choice of entering a chute to left or right, with and without the passive, non-interactive presence of a person unknown to them. The left eye was preferred for scanning under both conditions, but significantly more so when a person was present. Traditionally, riders handle horses only from the left, so we repeated the experiment with horses specifically trained on both sides. Again, there was a consistent preference for left eye scanning in the presence of a person, whether known to the horses or not. We also examined horses interacting with a person, using both traditionally and bilaterally trained horses. Both groups showed left eye preference for viewing the person, regardless of training and test procedure. For those horses tested under both passive and interactive conditions, the left eye was preferred significantly more during interaction. We suggest that most horses prefer to use their left eye for assessment and evaluation, and that there is an emotional aspect to the choice which may be positive or negative, depending on the circumstances. We believe these results have important practical implications and that emotional laterality should be taken into account in training methods. 相似文献
84.
Sarah?A.?MustilloEmail author Shannon?Dorsey Elizabeth?M.?Z.?Farmer 《Journal of child and family studies》2005,14(4):577-590
We examined the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Trusting Relationship Questionnaire, a brief measure of
relationship quality between youth and community-based service providers involved in their care. Data on youth residing in
Therapeutic Foster Care and in Group Homes (N = 296) were collected. We identified a one-factor solution for the child version of the measure and a two-factor structure
for the adult version: child's perception of the relationship and adult's perception of the relationship. Both versions appear
to be highly reliable and possess adequate levels of construct, criterion, and discriminative validity. While no statistically
significant age differences were noted on the parent version, on the child version, older youth were more likely to report
lower relationship scores. Gender differences were found on both versions: Female youth reported higher scores on the child
version as did adults reporters of relationships with female youth, but only for the first factor—child's perception of the
relationship. Overall, the TRQ appears to capture the quality of the relationship between service providers and youth in their
care, thus bridging a gap in assessment measures. 相似文献
85.
This study evaluated the reliability, internal structure, and validity of the Psychopathic Personality Inventory (PPI; Lilienfeld & Andrews, 1996) among female inmates (n = 153) housed at a multilevel prison facility. Findings from this research suggested both strengths and weaknesses associated with PPI psychopathy assessment. Reliability of the PPI was supported by internal consistency analyses of scale and subscale item sets, and test-retest reliability was supported by findings obtained with a subsample (n = 36) retested an average of 49 days after initial test administration. Validity of the PPI total score was also supported by moderate to very high correlations with other self-report measures of psychopathy. Relative weaknesses of the PPI were evident by the low or negative associations among many of the PPI subscales, moderate associations that PPI total scores demonstrated with response set indexes, and the similarity of PPI total scores among female inmates and undergraduates. Findings from this research are considered in relation to possible sex differences in the expression of psychopathy and challenges associated with the assessment of the psychopathy construct with self-report methods. 相似文献
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88.
This article examines the definition of personality disorders (PDs) from a functional analytical framework and discusses the potential utility of such a framework to account for behavioral tendencies associated with PD pathology. Also reviewed are specific behavioral assessment methods that can be employed in the assessment of PDs, and how information derived from these assessments may be linked to specific intervention strategies. 相似文献
89.
Neurolinguistic programming's hypothesized eye movements were measured independently using videotapes of 10 nonfluent aphasic and 10 control subjects matched for age and sex. Chi-squared analysis indicated that eye-position responses were significantly different for the groups. Although earlier research has not supported the hypothesized eye positions for normal subjects, the present findings support the contention that eye-position responses may differ between neurologically normal and aphasic individuals. 相似文献
90.
Parental injury prevention endeavors: a function of health beliefs? 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11