论马克思主义与中国传统文化的结合——兼与王锐生先生商榷

《哲学动态》2007年第1期刊登了首都师范大学王锐生先生的文章,题目为:《马克思主义中国化:该结束了吗?》,此文是针对中国政法大学常绍舜先生发表在《社会科学报》2006年9月7日的《当今主要任务———中国化马克思主义》一文所做的辩论文章。王锐生先生在该文中针对“马克思主义中国化的任务已经基本完成了”的论断,指出(以下简称“王文”)[1]常绍舜先生的文章论断之所以是错误的,原因是在于他没有从实质上去把握马克思主义中国化。而马克思主义中国化的实质是“结合”,即马克思主义一般原理与中国具体实际的结合。“结合”是马克思主义中国…     

齐都临淄空间形态演变的功能性导向

战国时期临淄小城的修筑,是临淄城市空间发展的重要节点,使其空间形态出现了功能性导向的演变:在布局形式上,由宫城、郭城内外相套演变为小城、大城相互衔联。在功能配置上,以宫廷、官府为中心的政治性功能设施,部署于小城,形成以宫为核心的政治功能区;而市、手工业作坊等经济性功能设施,分布在大城,形成以市为核心的经济功能区。在地形利用上,将宫城布置在西南部地势高亢处,以利于防守和排水。这种演变趋向,表明我国古代都城空间形态,越来越贴近政治、军事、经济功能的实际需要,逐渐从形式上的规范走向功能上的实用。     

斯金纳与施特劳斯思想史研究之比较

昆廷·斯金纳与列奥·施特劳斯代表当今西方思想史研究领域的两大派别,因而日益受到学术界的广泛关注.本文就两者的基本立场、理论方法和文本解读进行粗浅比较,分析两者研究思路的差异.斯金纳认为思想史是对变化着的问题的变化着的解答,采用历史的研究方法,关注语境,注重分析文本中语言和修辞的运用;施特劳斯则认为思想史是对永恒问题的不断贡献,采用哲学的方法,关注经典文本,主张对文本进行字里行间的细读.     

Internet Use and Web Communication Networks,Sources of Social Support,and Forms of Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury Among Adolescents: Different Patterns Between Genders

The relationships of Internet use, web communication, and sources of social support with adolescent self‐injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITBs) in Taiwan were investigated. The study sample of 391 12 to 18‐year‐olds was selected from nine public high schools. Findings show that girls are more likely to have SITBs, except for suicide gestures. Web communication is a risk factor for SITBs in boys but not in girls. Family support is protective in both genders. Support from friends is protective and support from significant others was a risk factor for suicide plans in girls. Support from virtual social communities can have both positive and negative effects on adolescent SITBs, with different effects by gender.     

Predicting Suicide Attempts among Treatment‐Seeking Male Alcoholics: An Exploratory Study

Documented risk factors for suicide among alcohol‐dependent patients are sensitive but insufficiently specific to effectively identify individuals who are prone to future suicide attempt. As a first step to assess factors not previously considered, this pilot study involved a group of male alcohol‐dependent patients (N = 175) coming to detoxification to examine the potential utility of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) along with other documented events to discriminate individuals with a history of attempted suicide from their detoxifying peers. Family health history questionnaires were used to evaluate their ACEs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to examine the predictive power of ACEs, alone or in combination with documented risk factors, to lifetime history of attempted suicide. Among our participants, 48 (27.4%) had a history of a suicide attempt and 156 (89.1%) reported at least one out of the nine categories of ACEs. Modeling by ROC analysis, we found that a cutoff of four or more ACEs plus a history of personal violence achieved the best predictive power to a history of any suicide attempt, producing a sensitivity of 0.7, specificity of 0.81, and area under curve of 0.75. A prospective study to replicate and extend our findings is necessary.     

斯特劳森的先验论证

先验论证论题是60年代以来的英美分析哲学界的一大热点和争论点。斯特劳森的先验论证出现在其描述的形而上学建构的最根本的方面诸如对概念图式、物质物体和他心等的论证当中,这突出地表明了先验论证作为一种形而上学的论证方法的性质。先验论证的目的在于确立经验的先天要素,试图通过建立概念之间的某种必然的联结而为形而上学奠基,同时它还具有一定的驳斥怀疑论的功能。     

Validation of the Suicide Resilience Inventory‐25 with American and Chinese College Students

This study is the first to evaluate evidence for measurement invariance and the psychometric properties of the Suicide Resilience Inventory‐25 (SRI‐25; Osman et al., 2004 ) in college‐age samples in both the United States and China. We found strong support for full measurement invariance of the three‐factor structure of the SRI‐25 in the U.S. (113 men and 238 women) and Chinese (121 men and 205 women) samples. In addition, we found that the U.S. sample scored significantly higher than the Chinese sample on all the individual scale scores. Composite scale reliability estimates ranged from moderate (ρ = .83) to high (ρ = .93) across the groups. Although not an aim of the current study, we examined estimates of internal consistency of the SRI‐25 scales for men and women within each sample. Differential correlates of the SRI‐25 scales were explored further for each sample. These results provide support for the use of the SRI‐25 in U.S. and Chinese student samples.     

Replies to comments on "Which method delivers greater signal-to-noise ratio: Structural equation modelling or regression analysis with weighted composites?" by Yuan and Fang (2023)

Observational data typically contain measurement errors. Covariance-based structural equation modelling (CB-SEM) is capable of modelling measurement errors and yields consistent parameter estimates. In contrast, methods of regression analysis using weighted composites as well as a partial least squares approach to SEM facilitate the prediction and diagnosis of individuals/participants. But regression analysis with weighted composites has been known to yield attenuated regression coefficients when predictors contain errors. Contrary to the common belief that CB-SEM is the preferred method for the analysis of observational data, this article shows that regression analysis via weighted composites yields parameter estimates with much smaller standard errors, and thus corresponds to greater values of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In particular, the SNR for the regression coefficient via the least squares (LS) method with equally weighted composites is mathematically greater than that by CB-SEM if the items for each factor are parallel, even when the SEM model is correctly specified and estimated by an efficient method. Analytical, numerical and empirical results also show that LS regression using weighted composites performs as well as or better than the normal maximum likelihood method for CB-SEM under many conditions even when the population distribution is multivariate normal. Results also show that the LS regression coefficients become more efficient when considering the sampling errors in the weights of composites than those that are conditional on weights.     

Social capital,migration stress,depression and sexual risk behaviors among rural-to-urban migrants in China: a moderated mediation modeling analysis

Background: Few studies have examined the complex relationship of migration stress and depression with sexual risk behaviors among migrants. The relationship between migration stress and sexual risk behaviors may be mediated by depression, and the mediation process may be modified by social capital. The study aims to investigate this moderated mediation mechanism among rural-to-urban migrants.

Methods: Data were collected from rural-to-urban migrants in China. Migration stress, depression, and social capital were measured with validated scales and used as predictor, mediator and moderator, respectively, to predict the likelihood of having sex with risk partners. Mediation and moderated mediation models were used to analyze the data.

Results: Depression significantly mediated the migration stress–sex with risk partner relationship for males (the indirect effect [95%CI]?=?0.36 [0.08, 0.66]); the mediation effect was not significant for females (0.31 [?0.82, 0.16]). Among males, social capital significantly moderated the depression-sex with risk partner relation with moderation effect ?0.12 [?0.21, ?0.04], ?0.21 [?0.41, ?0.01] and ?0.17 [?0.30, ?0.05] for total, bonding and bridging capital respectively.

Conclusion: Social capital may weaken the association between migration stress and sexual risk behavior by buffering the depression-sexual risk behaviors association for males. Additional research is needed to examine this issue among females.