In this article, we study logics of unknown truths and false beliefs under neighborhood semantics. We compare the relative expressivity of the two logics. It turns out that they are incomparable over various classes of neighborhood models, and the combination of the two logics are equally expressive as standard modal logic over any class of neighborhood models. We propose morphisms for each logic, which can help us explore the frame definability problem, show a general soundness and completeness result, and generalize some results in the literature. We axiomatize the two logics over various classes of neighborhood frames. Most importantly, by adopting the intersection semantics and the subset semantics in the literature, we extend the results to the case of public announcements, which gives us the desired reduction axioms and has good applications related to Moore sentences, successful formulas and self-refuting formulas. Also, we can say something about the comparative merits of the intersection semantics and the subset semantics.
This article attempts to provide a conceptual framework placing anxiety in a personal growth perspective. The authors first
discuss two different theories of anxiety, review some structural models of anxiety, and stress that anxiety should be studied
as a certain kind of relation or interaction between the subject and her stimuli. Then a challenge-and-response model of normal
anxiety of its cognitive components is established, which sorts anxiety into heteronomous one and autonomic one, and supposes
that heteronomous anxiety includes two dimensions: the fall between the level of external challenge and the level of self
challenge, and the importance of the external challenge. Some related evidences for the preceding hypothesis are examined,
and then compared with related models. Finally, based on the model, a valid coping strategy of anxiety was put forward, from
which the mechanism of normal coping style of anxiety in daily life can be well understood. 相似文献