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排序方式: 共有75条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Zook N Welsh MC Ewing V 《Neuropsychology, development, and cognition. Section B, Aging, neuropsychology and cognition》2006,13(1):1-19
Neuropsychological studies suggest a subclinical impairment in executive function that occurs with normal aging. This is the first study to examine the performance of healthy older adults on the Tower of London-Revised (TOL-R), as well as the relationship between TOL-R performance and verbal and nonverbal abilities. Performance of 63 older adult participants on the TOL-R and two WAIS-III subtests was compared to that of 35 young adult college students. Group comparisons indicated age differences in TOL-R performance; however, these were eliminated after adjusting for individual differences in Matrix Reasoning performance. In the older adult groups, multiple regression analyses demonstrated that Matrix Reasoning performance was a stronger predictor of TOL-R performance than was chronological age or years of education. These results suggest that performance on the TOL-R is a psychometrically sound executive function measure for older adults and that individual differences in fluid intelligence are more predictive of performance than chronological age. 相似文献
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Responses to projective material by neurotically and psychotically depressed patients were scored for fluency, movement, and primary process during light physical activity and inactivity. A depression measure was also obtained. Significant positive correlations were found between fluency, movement, and primary process. Movement scores did not increase significantly during physical activity for either group. No significant correlations were found between level of depression and production of movement and primary process. However, primary process, controlled for fluency, increased significantly during physical activity for neurotic, but not for psychotic depressives. 相似文献
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Tara M. Emmers-Sommer Sarah Nebel Mae-Li Allison Michele L. Cannella Desiree Cartmill Sarah Ewing Daniel Horvath Jonathan K. Osborne Brittney Wojtaszek 《Sex roles》2009,60(9-10):669-681
This investigation examined patient–provider communication about sexual health related to gender and age. Data were collected from 277 individuals, aged 18–60, via convenience and snowball sampling at a large university in southwestern United States. Results indicate women are more proactive about their sexual health than men and tested for STDs more frequently. Women, more than men, initiate discussions with their healthcare provider about sexual health matters and healthcare providers are more likely to initiate communication about such matters with women than men. Men hold stronger gender-stereotypical beliefs than women, are less likely to initiate conversations about sexual issues with their provider, and believe sexual discussions with their partner are inappropriate. Age relates to sexual activity initiation and perceived STD risk. 相似文献
48.
Kaimal G Steinberg AG Ennis S Harasink SM Ewing R Li Y 《Journal of genetic counseling》2007,16(6):775-787
Few studies examine whether and how parental attitudes towards genetic testing change over time. In this study we interviewed
parents of 14 children with newly identified hearing loss at two time points: after referral to genetics and 1 year later.
Qualitative analyses of parental narratives indicate that parental attitudes did not change significantly over this time.
Parents who perceived genetic testing to be useful continued to value it after testing, while parents who did not perceive
it as being useful for their child’s future held the same view a year later. The only parents who changed their views regarding
the usefulness of genetic testing for hearing loss were those who reported that their children underwent significant changes
in their hearing loss or were faced with other life threatening conditions. Parents were also often unaware of the role of
the genetic counselor and how genetic counseling could help address many of their lingering questions and concerns. These
emergent themes indicate the need for geneticists and genetic counselors to be aware of and sensitized to the questions and
attitudes that bring parents to a genetic evaluation, as well as the reasons why parents may not follow up with genetic testing
for hearing loss when recommended. 相似文献
49.
Diana Weiting Tan Murray T. Maybery Louise Ewing Jia-Xin Tay Peter R. Eastwood Andrew J.O. Whitehouse 《British journal of psychology (London, England : 1953)》2020,111(4):723-741
Reports linking prenatal testosterone exposure to autistic traits and to a masculinized face structure have motivated research investigating whether autism is associated with facial masculinization. This association has been reported with greater consistency for females than for males, in studies comparing groups with high and low levels of autistic traits. In the present study, we conducted two experiments to examine facial masculinity/femininity in 151 neurotypical adults selected for either low, mid-range, or high levels of autistic traits. In the first experiment, their three-dimensional facial photographs were subjectively rated by 41 raters for masculinity/femininity and were objectively analysed. In the second experiment, we generated 6-face composite images, which were rated by another 36 raters. Across both experiments, findings were consistent for ratings of photographs and composite images. For females, a linear relationship was observed where femininity ratings decreased as a function of higher levels of autistic traits. For males, we found a U-shaped function where males with mid-range levels of traits were rated lowest on masculinity. Objective facial analyses revealed that higher levels of autistic traits were associated with less feminine facial structures in females and less masculine structures in males. These results suggest sex-specific relationships between autistic traits and facial masculinity/femininity. 相似文献
50.
Elizabeth A. Ewing Lee Wendy Troop‐Gordon 《The British journal of developmental psychology》2011,29(2):197-213
Although peer influence has been implicated in recent theories of gender socialization, few investigations have tested whether children's gendered behaviours change over time as a function of peer experiences and whether some peer experiences may exacerbate, rather than dampen, gender non‐conformity. Accordingly, the current study examined prospective links between specific forms of peer victimization and children's adherence to traditional gender roles. Peer reports of victimization and self‐reports of engagement in stereotypically masculine and feminine activities were collected from 199 children (104 girls; 95 boys) in the Fall and Spring of their fifth‐grade year. Multi‐group path analysis was used to explore the relations between forms of victimization and masculinity and femininity for girls and boys. For girls, peer victimization predicted withdrawal from both feminine and masculine behaviours. For boys, physical, verbal, and general victimization predicted lower levels of feminine behaviours, but social exclusion forecast heightened engagement in traditionally feminine activities. These findings underscore how social experiences can amplify, as well as reduce, gender non‐conformity. 相似文献