Reflections on sexual differences in creative productivity

Although research and literature are replete with explanations and theories concerning the physical and intellectual potential of women, their creative contributions to the world of the arts and sciences (with exceptions, of course) have been surprisingly sparse. Some of this phenomenon is said to center around socioeconomic issues that have reflected the exploitation of women through the ages.A more dramatic issue in this paper deals with the frequency of intense, emotional affinities between highly creative men and their mothers, as well as between creative women and their fathers. This paper elaborates on the issue, in an attempt to show the effect of these relationships on the creative growth of a son or daughter. It also touches on the implications of psychotherapists' influence on the growth of their patients.This paper by Professor Erwin Singer was edited by Gladys Natchez after his death. It appeared in the NEWS CHRONICLE published at City College of the City University of New York by Eva Kayser, editor, in the spring of 1975. The NEWS CHRONICLE is no longer published.     

The effect of food and water deprivation and satiation on recognition

Food and water deprived and satiated subjects, as well as control subjects, were shown words presented tachistoscopically for .01 sec until word recognition. Five food-relevant, five water-relevant, and five neutral (animal) words of high string frequency were matched for letter confusability and letter predictability. Analyses of the data, in terms of number of presentations until recognition as well as number of words recognized at selected presentations, revealed that the amount but not the type of deprivation significantly altered word recognition. Moreover, the effect of motivation was significant already on the first slide presentation, while the effects of word characteristics (word category and generated value) occurred only after a number of presentations.     

Dissociating cognitive and motor interference effects on kinesthetic short-term memory

In two experiments, we investigated how short-term memory of kinesthetically defined spatial locations suffers from either motor or cognitive distraction. In Exp. 1, 22 blindfolded participants moved a handle with their right hand towards a mechanical stop and back to the start and then reproduced the encoded stop position by a second movement. The retention interval was adjusted to approximately 0 and 8 s. In half of the trials participants had to provide a verbal judgment of the target distance after encoding (cognitive distractor). Analyses of constant and variable errors indicated that the verbal judgments interfered with the motor reproduction only, when the retention interval was long. In Exp. 2, 22 other participants performed the same task but instead of providing verbal distance estimations they performed an additional movement either with their right or left hand during the retention interval. Constant error was affected by the side of the interpolated movement (right vs. left hand) and by the delay interval. The results show that reproduction of kinesthetically encoded spatial locations is affected differently in long- and short-retention intervals by cognitive and motor interference. This suggests that reproduction behavior is based on distinct codes during immediate vs. delayed recall.     

Welcoming Initiatives and Immigrant Attachment: The Case of Windsor

Welcoming Initiatives have been introduced across Canada together with federally funded local immigration partnerships to attract and foster long-term settlement of immigrants in smaller cities. This paper examines the context in which immigrant newcomers are welcomed to Windsor, Ontario. Through a multi-method approach that included interviews and focus groups with newcomer immigrants, interviews with key sector stakeholders, a local media analysis, and a survey of local organizations, we foreground the local ways in which immigrants are viewed as being part of the city and identify the social, cultural, and economic features that might support immigrant attachment. We argue that newcomers’ capacity to engage in and attach to various spheres of urban life is non-linear and varied: newcomers formed shifting and precarious attachments relative to their social, economic, familial, and migratory experiences. We argue that welcoming initiatives can be enhanced by more organic connections that reach beyond the settlement sector. Our conclusion calls for a place-based lens to foreground the wider local context in which welcoming initiatives are instituted to cultivate immigrant ties.     

Ein Konzept der psychotherapeutischen Betreuung als Hilfsmittel zur Supervision

Die Grundidee war die Frage, was eine Psychotherapie – speziell die personzentrierte – innerhalb eines stationären Settings leisten kann. Was ist sie imstande dazu beizutragen, dass den Patientinnen und Patienten geholfen wird? Dabei war in dem speziellen Setting zunächst zu klären, ob Psychotherapie überhaupt möglich und sinnvoll ist. Das Ergebnis war, dass sie ihr Tun recht flexibel an die Umgebungsbedingungen anpassen musste. Bei einer engen Definition dessen, was Psychotherapie ist, konnte nur eine geringe Anzahl an Kontakten als Psychotherapie gewertet werden („Inseln der Psychotherapie“). Die Mehrheit der Kontakte wurden vom Autor als „psychotherapeutische Betreuung“ definiert. Diese kann eine Vielzahl an Aufgaben übernehmen und durch die besondere Form der Kommunikation die Patientin/den Patienten unterstützen. Ziel ist die Herstellung eines Kontakts, die Durchführung einer prozessualen Diagnostik sowie eine Aktivierung des Patienten durch Begleitung und Teilhabe.     

Anmerkungen zum Kausalproblem

Ohne Zusammenfassung