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141.
This research describes and evaluates a workshop aimed at promoting career specialty choice and examines relationships between measured career specialty interests, work values, and personality type. Three consecutive classes of second-year medical students (N = 161) participated in a two-session specialty choice workshop. All participants in the study rated the usefulness of the workshop and reported their level of specialty choice certainty and satisfaction. They also responded to measures of medical specialty preference, work values, and personality type. Results indicated two distinct student subgroups of career-specialty-decided and -undecided students. The former subgroup evidenced more stability and certainty of specialty choice as well satisfaction with their choice. Both groups of students reported having benefited from the workshop. Significant gender differences in the relationships between scores on a measure of medical specialty preference and scores on measures of work values and personality emerged. Implications are discussed in terms of the differential career counseling needs of students either decided or undecided about their career specialty choices. 相似文献
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Jennifer DeNicolis Bragger Ofelia Rodriguez-Srednicki Eugene J. Kutcher Lisa Indovino Erin Rosner 《Journal of business and psychology》2005,20(2):303-324
Two hundred three teachers completed measures of work-family culture, work-family conflict, organizational commitment, job
satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Pearson correlations indicated that OCB was related negatively
to work-family conflict, and positively to work-family culture, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Hierarchical
regression analyses indicated that work-family culture predicts work-family conflict, and that various forms of work-family
conflict predict OCB. Analyses also showed that work-family culture predicts both organizational commitment and OCB, and that
organizational commitment does not mediate the relationship between work-family culture and OCB. The findings support the
importance for schools to foster a positive work-family culture. 相似文献
145.
Division of Labor Among Lesbian and Heterosexual Parenting Couples: Correlates of Specialized Versus Shared Patterns 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Charlotte J. Patterson Erin L. Sutfin Megan Fulcher 《Journal of Adult Development》2004,11(3):179-189
One of the central tasks that couples face in coparenting is the division of labor. In this study, we explored division of family labor among lesbian and heterosexual couples who were parenting 4 to 6 year-old children. Sixty-six families, half headed by lesbian couples and half headed by heterosexual couples, participated in the study. Measures of parental attitudes, resources, demographics, and division of labor were collected. As expected, lesbian couples were more likely to divide paid and unpaid labor evenly, whereas heterosexual couples were more likely to show specialized patterns, with husbands investing more time in paid employment and wives devoting more time to unpaid family work. Structural variables (e.g., husband's hours in paid employment) were the best predictors of division of labor among heterosexual couples. Among lesbian couples, however, ideological variables (e.g., ideas about ideal divisions of labor) were the better predictors. Discrepancies in occupational prestige were greater among heterosexual than among lesbian couples. Discussion centers on the ways in which gender and sexual orientation may relate to couples' decisions about division of labor. 相似文献
146.
Muralidharan A Sheets ES Madsen J Craighead LW Craighead WE 《Journal of personality disorders》2011,25(1):16-27
Interpersonal problems are significant markers of personality disorders (PDs). There is little research examining the specific interpersonal problems which lead to social impairment in PD. This study used canonical correlation analyses to examine the relationship between interpersonal competence and PDs, first as categorized by DSM-IV diagnoses, then as categorized by empirically-derived factors, in a sample at risk for recurrence of major depression. The most significant sources of shared variance were social inhibition and self-disclosure competence. The empirically-derived PD categories accounted for more variance in interpersonal competence than the DSM-IV diagnostic categories. Social skills training in initiation and self-disclosure may be useful for treating individuals with PD who experience interpersonal problems. Empirically-derived categories of PD symptoms may capture interpersonal problems experienced by individuals with PD which DSM-IV categories do not. 相似文献
147.
Gammon AD Rothwell E Simmons R Lowery JT Ballinger L Hill DA Boucher KM Kinney AY 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(6):625-638
This study was an investigation of awareness, cognitions, and psychosocial and educational needs related to genetic counseling
and testing among Latinas and non-Latina whites at increased risk for having a BRCA1/2 mutation. Sixty-three Latina and eighty-four non-Latina white women completed telephone surveys employing a mixture of quantitative
and qualitative questions assessing awareness, benefits, risks, barriers, and genetic counseling communication preferences
regarding BRCA1/2 testing. Among participants who had not previously had genetic counseling/testing, 56.9% of Latinas (29/51) and 34.8% of
non-Latina white participants (24/69) were unaware of the availability of BRCA1/2 testing. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, Latina ethnicity was the only statistically significant independent
factor associated with lack of awareness (OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.19–0.35). No appreciable differences were noted between ethnic
groups regarding perceived benefits of BRCA1/2 testing or desired genetic counseling topics. These findings underscore the importance of increasing awareness of cancer
genetic counseling and genetic testing among both Latina and non-Latina white populations. 相似文献
148.
Erin K. Freeman Luz-Eugenia Cox-Fuenzalida Ilea Stoltenberg 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2011,30(4):375-382
Procrastination is a prevalent and complex psychological phenomenon that has been defined as the purposive delay in beginning
or completing a task. Given the potential implications for a broad range of situations, including both academic performance
and safety sensitive occupations, it seems reasonable and judicious to systematically examine this phenomenon. While there
is growing interest in procrastination, our understanding of underlying explanatory factors remains quite limited. Eysenck’s
(1967) theory of personality, and in particular his biologically-based theory of extraversion, could shed light on this phenomenon.
The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship between extraversion and arousal procrastination. In accordance
with Eysenck’s theory that extraverts tend to seek external sources of arousal, it was hypothesized that they would be more
likely than introverts to engage in arousal procrastination. Participants completed a series of counterbalanced questionnaires
measuring extraversion and procrastination. Results indicated that extraversion significantly predicted the engagement in
this type of procrastination. Limitations, implications, and future research are discussed. 相似文献
149.
This study examined the reliability and validity of an expanded version of the Iowa Sleep Disturbances Inventory (ISDI; Koffel & Watson, 2010) in 2 samples (219 college students and 200 psychiatric patients). The expanded ISDI includes the scales Sleep Paralysis and Sleep Hallucinations. These scales, along with the Nightmares scale, help define a higher order factor entitled Unusual Sleep Experiences. This factor was distinct from the Insomnia and Lassitude factors that were reported previously. The expanded ISDI showed strong evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with the corresponding interview ratings on a clinician rating version of the ISDI. Mean convergent correlations were .68 in students and .70 in patients. Convergent correlations were significantly higher than discriminant correlations in 99.8% of the 624 comparisons. This study also reports the associations of higher order sleep factors with questionnaire and interview measures of pathological symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety, dissociation, and schizotypy). The Lassitude factor was specific to dysphoria, whereas the Unusual Sleep Experiences factor was specific to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dissociation. Finally, several ISDI scales showed strong evidence of specificity in relation to pathological symptoms; in particular, there were strong associations between (a) ISDI Fatigue and measures of dysphoria, (b) ISDI Nightmares and measures of PTSD, and (c) ISDI Sleep Hallucinations and measures of dissociation. 相似文献
150.