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41.
42.
小学儿童奖赏公平性的认知发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用信息加工研究途径并假设故事情境探索小学儿童对奖赏公平性的社会认知发展,并将儿童的发展与成人作对比。研究结果表明,7,9岁儿童容易将"均等"与"公平"混淆,还没形成一个稳定的分配模式,而12岁儿童已能运用"努力"、"成果"、"能力"等规则较为稳定地作出公平奖赏决定或评价,但还没达到对更高层次的社会准则的理解和掌握。儿童这一发展制约于他们的信息加工能力以及获得有关社会价值观的社会化过程。 相似文献
43.
Linna Wang MA 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1994,16(1):25-37
On the basis of personal experience and understanding of the Chinese culture as a native of the People's Republic of China, the author gives some of the reasons why Chinese-Americans under-utilize mental health facilities and addresses issues that might arise in marriage and family therapy with people from China. Subcultural differences and variables such as the place of origin, intraracial or inter-racial marriage, that need to be considered in the assessment phase are stressed, along with treatment interventions that are or are not culturally compatible. Behavioral, structural, and brief therapy models are recommended. The experiential model should be used with caution with Chinese clients. 相似文献
44.
Vivian Ota Wang 《Journal of genetic counseling》1994,3(4):267-277
Incorporating a cross-cultural curriculum into genetic counseling training programs demonstrates a professional conviction of genetic counselors that cultural issues are important in genetic counseling. Funded by the Special Projects Fund in 1993 from the National Society of Genetic Counselors and the Kitson Fund from the Department of Social, Organizational, and Counseling Psychology, Teachers College, Columbia University, theHandbook of Cross-Cultural Genetic Counseling was developed to provide genetic counseling programs a curriculum to teach cross-cultural genetic counseling. The theoretical rationale for the development of a cultural curriculum is presented. By expanding cultural knowledge, developing an awareness of oneself and others, and increasing the repertoire of culturally relevant counseling skills within a socio-political context, genetic counselors will be able to better serve all clients seeking genetic counseling. 相似文献
45.
Jeffrey T. Andre Richard A. Tyrrell Herschel W. Leibowitz Mary E. Nicholson Minqi Wang 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1994,56(3):261-267
Contrast sensitivity was measured for 12 healthy young males while sober, after ingestion of an alcohol placebo, and after ingestion of alcohol (95% grain alcohol; mean estimated blood alcohol level = .088%). Observations were made for both stationary gratings and gratings that traveled through a circular path and required pursuit eye movements. The significant alcohol-related reduction in contrast sensitivity was 2.6 times greater for moving (.29-log-unit reduction) than for stationary gratings (.11-log-unit reduction). The loss in contrast sensitivity for the moving gratings of high spatial frequency (12 cpd) was particularly severe (.37 log unit). Estimated blood alcohol level was correlated with the loss in contrast sensitivity for moving gratings (r = .61), but not with the loss for stationary gratings. Estimated blood alcohol level was strongly correlated with the difference between the loss in contrast sensitivity to moving and stationary gratings (r = .75). These results are consistent with reports that alcohol consumption degrades the ability to make pursuit eye movements. Subjects’ perceived intoxication level was not a reliable predictor of any index of visual performance. 相似文献
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47.
Patricia Walsh‐Frank 《亚洲哲学》1996,6(1):5-16
Compassion is an emotion that occupies a central position in Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophy while it is often a neglected subject in contemporary western philosophy. This essay is a comparison between an Eastern view of compassion based upon Mahāyāna Buddhist perspectives and a western view of the same emotion. Certain principles found in Mahāyāna Buddhist philosophy such as the Bodhisattva Ideal, and suffering (dukkha) to name two, are explored for the information they contain about compassion. An essay by Lawrence Blum is taken as representative of a Western view (but not exclusively) and it is analyzed for its shortcomings in light of the Buddhist view. The conclusion briefly describes the value of understanding an eastern view on compassion as a means of filling the void one finds in western medical ethics discourse which focuses so heavily, and redundantly, upon issues such as patient autonomy and paternalism. 相似文献
48.
考察了结果预期与结果反应对儿童意图认知和道德判断的影响。结果表明,结果预期影响幼儿园和小学儿童的意图认知,结果反应仅影响幼儿园儿童的意图认知;结果预期和结果反应显著地影响幼儿园和小学儿童的道德判断,但结果预期对小学儿童道德判断的影响要比结果反应大。 相似文献
49.
Ping Li 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1996,58(4):571-586
Three experiments with 60 native Chinese speakers were conducted to examine the temporal structure of spoken sentence comprehension in Chinese. In the two sentence-gating experiments, listeners heard sentence fragments of various sizes, either successively or individually, and decided on the agent role of the sentence. In the agent-naming experiment, listeners repeated aloud the sentence agent upon hearing the sentence. Converging evidence was derived from these experiments indicating the usefulness of sentence gating in tapping into the temporal structure of comprehension and in evaluating listeners’ comprehension on the basis of partial information. Results from these experiments show that partial sentence information plays a very important role in Chinese sentence comprehension, and that Chinese listeners integrate incomplete and ungrammatical sentence fragments by reference to complete and grammatical models in the language. It is argued that these processing characteristics reflect properties of the Chinese language in which few morphological, grammatical, and syntactic constraints are placed on the relationships between sentence constituents. 相似文献
50.
本工作采用食物性运动,条件反射方法和慢性微电极记录技术。条件反射实验在9只兔上进行,海马自发放电的实验在22只兔上进行。在9次实验中,30μg的东莨菪碱注入一侧脑室后,条件反射均受到抑制,而吃食则不受影响。注射剂量为45μg时,注射后3—5分,条件反射完全消失,而吃食行为在了次实验中不受影响,在2次实验中稍有减弱,注射后20分钟左右条件反射开始恢复;侧脑室注射40μg的东莨菪碱后,海马神经元的自发活动无明显改变。文中并对抗胆碱药作用于海马抑制条件反射的可能方式进行了讨论。 相似文献