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131.
Thomas F. Denson Emma C. Fabiansson J. David Creswell William C. Pedersen 《Motivation and emotion》2009,33(1):42-48
Emerging research suggests that rumination increases risk for negative health outcomes. In the first experiment to investigate
cortisol responses during angry rumination, participants were provoked and induced to engage in self-focused rumination, provocation-focused
rumination, or distraction. Consistent with social threat theory, self-focused rumination maintained high levels of cortisol
following provocation, whereas provocation-focused rumination and distraction facilitated decreases in cortisol. However,
even within the provocation-focused rumination condition, adopting an emotionally reactive, self-immersed perspective was
associated with higher levels of cortisol as were thoughts about the self. Individual differences in displaced aggression
but not general aggression were also positively associated with cortisol levels in the provocation-focused condition. The
present findings shed light on rumination styles and cortisol responses in ways that may have long-term consequences for health
and well-being.
相似文献
Thomas F. DensonEmail: |
132.
C. Emma Burrous Susan C. Crockenberg Esther M. Leerkes 《Infant mental health journal》2009,30(2):103-123
This study examined maternal sensitivity in response to toddler distress in relation to mothers' childhood care and control experiences with parents, maternal depression, and maternal anger. Fifty‐two mothers and infants participated. Mothers reported childhood care and control experiences prenatally. At 2½ years, mothers reported depressive symptoms and anger on questionnaires, and reported maternal behavior in a daily diary for 1 week, yielding ratings of maternal sensitivity to fear and anger. Results were as follows: (a) Mothers' acceptance during childhood correlated negatively with both maternal depression and maternal anger, and positively with maternal sensitivity to fear at 2½ years; (b) maternal anger mediated the association between childhood care and maternal sensitivity to fear at 2½ years; and (c) the interaction of maternal and paternal control during childhood predicted maternal sensitivity to anger at 2½ years, controlling for maternal education. When maternal control was low, paternal control was positively associated with maternal sensitivity to anger whereas when maternal control was high, paternal control was negatively associated with maternal sensitivity to anger. Results are discussed in relation to prior studies, with particular emphasis on attachment theory. Implications for preventive intervention efforts are considered. 相似文献
133.
Michela Balconi Luciana Falbo Emma Brambilla 《Personality and individual differences》2009,47(8):858-863
The study explored the effect of the subjective evaluation and of BIS/BAS (Behavioral Inhibition and Activation System) differences on psychophysiological and brain oscillation measures, in response to pleasant/unpleasant and high/low arousing stimuli. Skin conductance response, heart rate, and electromyography, and alpha frequency band, were registered, during viewing IAPS figures. Both BIS and BAS measures were significant in modulating behavioral, autonomic and brain responses, with a clear dichotomy BAS-appetitive/positive BIS-withdrawal/negative sensitivity. Withdrawal (BIS) and appetitive (BAS) behavior showed opposite patterns of responses by the subjects within the frontal cortical site more than other sites. In addition, a specific frontal lateralization effect was found as a function of BIS (more right-side activation for negative cues) and BAS (more left-side activation for positive cues). Moreover, autonomic variables and frequency band were found to be effected by arousal rating per se, with an increased response to high arousal in comparison with low arousal and neutral stimuli. The effects of subjective evaluation and individual differences were discussed in the light of the coping activity of emotion comprehension. 相似文献
134.
Effects of agency on movement interference during observation of a moving dot stimulus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Stanley J Gowen E Miall RC 《Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance》2007,33(4):915-926
Human movement performance is subject to interference if the performer simultaneously observes an incongruent action. It has been proposed that this phenomenon is due to motor contagion during simultaneous movement performance-observation, with coactivation of shared action performance and action observation circuitry in the premotor cortex. The present experiments compared the interference effect during observation of a moving person with observation of moving dot stimuli: The dot display followed either a biologically plausible or implausible velocity profile. Interference effects due to dot observation were present for both biological and nonbiological velocity profiles when the participants were informed that they were observing prerecorded human movement and were absent when the dot motion was described as computer generated. These results suggest that the observer's belief regarding the origin of the dot motion (human-computer generated) modulates the processing of the dot movement stimuli on their later integration within the motor system, such that the belief regarding their biological origin is a more important determinant of interference effects than the stimulus kinematics. 相似文献
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The aim of this investigation was to gauge the comparative research performance of university departments of psychology in
Britain. The performance indicator was the number of publications per departmental staff member in the journals of the British
Psychological Society (BPS) during the seven-year period 1983–1989. The contents of these journals were thoroughly searched,
and articles written by members of university psychology departments in Britain were counted. The number of publications of
each psychology department was divided by the size of the department in the corresponding year and the resulting annual figures
were summed to determine the number of publications in BPS journals per departmental staff member over the seven-year period.
These research performance figures correlated significantly with an earlier measure of departmental research performance based
on publications in the seven European psychological journals with the highest citations per published article and with recent
performance indicators based on other criteria 相似文献
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