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911.
Abstract It has been reported that, by 1975, there were 25 million adults in America who were stepfathers and stepmothers (Roosevelt & Lofas, 1976), with a million more adults becoming stepparents each year. Thus the “stepfamily,” or “blended,” “remarried” or “reconstituted” family has become an important entity in American society. 相似文献
912.
Three studies documented effects of marital status on perceptions of employees or prospective employees. In Experiment 1, participants rated a married female job applicant as less suitable for employment than a single counterpart. In Experiment 2, participants again perceived a female job applicant less favorably when she was married; in contrast, a male applicant was perceived more favorably when married. In Experiment 3, participants predicted that a recently married woman's job performance and dedication would decline, whereas a recently married man's dedication was predicted to rise; this difference made participants more willing to lay off the woman than the man. 相似文献
913.
Based on research linking depressive symptoms and intimate partner aggression perpetration with negatively biased perception of social stimuli, the present authors examined biased perception of emotional expressions as a mechanism in the frequently observed relationship between depression and psychological aggression perpetration. In all, 30 university students made valence ratings (negative to positive) of emotional facial expressions and completed measures of depressive symptoms and psychological aggression perpetration. As expected, depressive symptoms were positively associated with psychological aggression perpetration in an individual's current relationship, and this relationship was mediated by ratings of negative emotional expressions. These findings suggest that negatively biased perception of emotional expressions within the context of elevated depressive symptoms may represent an early stage of information processing that leads to aggressive relationship behaviors. 相似文献
914.
The objective was to explore whether middle-aged adults (M age = 48.9 yr.; n = 26) differed on verbal recall from young adults (M age = 26.3 yr.; n = 26). Little data exist on the performance of middle-aged, healthy adults. Groups of young and middle-aged adults recalled words from the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test across six trials during a single session. The same 15 words were used for recall in Trials 1-5. Prior to the sixth trial, 15 distractor words were presented. Participants then recalled the original set of 15 words. No significant differences occurred on any of the recall trials. Although the power of this study was low, the effect of age is apparently quite small. 相似文献
915.
King EC Lee TA McKay SM Scovil CY Peters AL Pratt J Maki BE 《Human movement science》2011,30(2):368-383
A fundamental principle that has emerged from studies of natural gaze behavior is that goal-directed arm movements are typically guided by a saccade to the target. In this study, we evaluated a hypothesis that this principle does not apply to rapid reach-to-grasp movements evoked by sudden unexpected balance perturbations. These perturbations involved forward translation of a large (2 × 6 m) motion platform configured to simulate a “real-life” environment. Subjects performed a common “daily-life” visuo-cognitive task (find a telephone and make a call) that required walking to the end of the platform, which was triggered to move as they approached a handrail mounted alongside the travel path. A deception was used to ensure that the perturbation was truly unexpected. Eleven of 18 healthy young-adult subjects (age 22-30) reached to grasp or touch the rail in response to the balance perturbation. In support of the hypothesis, none of these arm reactions was guided by concurrent visual fixation of the handrail. Seven of the 11 looked at the rail upon first entering the environment, and hence may have used “stored” central-field information about the handrail location to guide the subsequent arm reaction. However, the other four subjects never looked directly at the rail, indicating a complete reliance on peripheral vision. These findings add to previous evidence of distinctions in the CNS control of volitional and perturbation-evoked arm movements. Future studies will determine whether similar visuo-motor behavior occurs when the available handhold is smaller or when subjects are not engaged in a concurrent visuo-cognitive task. 相似文献
916.
Alexander EL Butler RK Guimond C Butler B Sadovnick AD 《Journal of genetic counseling》2011,20(2):129-135
The University of British Columbia Hospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders (UBCH-CARD) invests significant
effort to obtain medical records for the confirmation of patient–reported family histories of dementia. The effectiveness
of requesting these records was assessed through a review of the 275 requests made by UBCH-CARD genetic counselors during
the 24-month period of January 1, 2005–December 31, 2006. The results were categorized according to outcome. Useful medical
records were obtained from 92 (33.5%) requests: 77 (28%) records supported, and 15 (5.5%) records did not support, the patient–reported
information. An additional 20 (7.5%) requests yielded only vague information. When verification was possible, patient–reported
family histories of Alzheimer disease, dementia, or memory loss were accurate in 84% of cases. During the study period, almost
500 h of genetic counselor work time was spent obtaining, reviewing, and following-up on records received. Changes made to
UBCH-CARD procedure in response to these findings are discussed. 相似文献
917.
Alina Morawska Matthew Sanders Elizabeth Goadby Clea Headley Lauren Hodge Christine McAuliffe Sue Pope Emily Anderson 《Journal of child and family studies》2011,20(5):614-622
Behavioural parenting programs are an effective intervention for behavioural and emotional problems in children, however these
programs have low utilisation rates by culturally diverse parents. We examined the cultural acceptability of program materials,
preferences for delivery methods, and barriers to use of the Triple P-Positive Parenting Program. One hundred and thirty seven
parents watched a video outlining the 17 strategies in Triple P and read through a tip sheet before completing a series of
questionnaires. Results revealed that parents found the strategies highly acceptable, highly useful, were very likely to use
the strategies and reported currently using the strategies often. They also rated the program materials as very culturally
appropriate and identified group, seminar, television, and individual as the most preferred delivery methods. Parents identified
location and timing of services, financial cost, and competing work commitments as the most frequently cited barriers to accessing
a parenting intervention. The findings of this study suggest that elements of parenting programs may not be contributing to
the low rates of access among culturally diverse parents. These findings highlight the need for more research addressing variables
that may contribute to increasing culturally diverse parents’ access of behavioural parenting programs. 相似文献
918.
Melissa Shepherd Mindy J. Erchull Aryn Rosner Leslie Taubenberger Emily Forsyth Queen Jenna McKee 《Sex roles》2011,64(1-2):1-8
Benevolent sexism has been shown to have negative consequences for women. In the present study, we investigated whether there were differences in reports of body self-perceptions between 93 college women in the southeastern United States who either witnessed or did not witness a staged act of benevolent sexism. Because we believed that benevolent sexism could make beauty norms more salient, we hypothesized that women who witnessed benevolent sexism would report higher levels of self-objectification, body surveillance, and body shame. Women who witnessed benevolent sexism did report higher levels of surveillance and shame, constructs associated with self-objectification, but not higher general levels of self-objectification. This research provides more evidence of the negative effects benevolent sexism has on women. 相似文献
919.
Bradley T. Erford Emily M. Miller Hallie Schein Allison McDonald Lisa Ludwig Kathleen Leishear 《Journal of counseling and development : JCD》2011,89(1):73-80
Publication patterns of articles in the Journal of Counseling & Development from 1994 to 2009 were reviewed. Trends over time were analyzed in article content (e.g., type, content topic) and author demographic characteristics (i.e., gender, nation of domicile, and employment setting). Of particular interest because of the scientific underpinnings of the counseling profession, research articles were analyzed specifically for type of research approach, classification, methodology, sample, sample size, and statistics used. 相似文献
920.
Eisenberg A Bauermeister J Johns MM Pingel E Santana ML 《Journal of adolescent research》2011,26(5):645-669
Conceptualizations of safer sex practices among young gay men (YGM) are frequently structured around communication between partners and the subsequent utilization or absence of condoms in a sexual encounter. Drawing on a sample of 34 in-depth interviews with YGM, ages 18 to 24, we explore the ways in which conceptualizations and definitions of safer sex are discussed and enacted. Placing attention on their safer sex practices, we analyze the conversations that do and do not occur among YGM and their partners, including the strategies (e.g., negotiated safety, condom communication and negotiation) that are commonly perceived as most useful by YGM. We provide recommendations regarding how to craft safer sex messages for YGM by considering their competing demands. 相似文献