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31.
32.
African American women's sexual satisfaction in heterosexual relationships was examined as a dimension of their sex roles. Responses to questions about sexual behaviors and interactions they preferred in primary relationships were selected from a larger study of a stratified random sample of 126 African American women. Three factors were identified: sexual responsiveness, sexual expression, and sexual interest and enthusiasm. The factors are described as profiles that may enhance or limit women's male-female sexual relationships. The implications of African American women's sexual satisfaction as an important dimension to understand in today's AIDS related sexual climate is discussed within a socio-cultural context.A modified version of this paper was presented at the American Anthropological Association, November 1987, Chicago, Illinois. The research was funded by The Center for Prevention and Control of Rape, NIMH Grant, R01 MH33603 and through a Research Scientist Career Development Award to the first author, K01 MH00269. 相似文献
33.
Adult Attachment Styles, the Desire to Have Children, and Working Models of Parenthood 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W. Rholes Rholes Jeffry A. Simpson Barbara S. Blakely Leigh Lanigan Elizabeth A. Allen 《Journal of personality》1997,65(2):357-385
ABSTRACT College students who had yet to marry and begin a family were asked about their desire to have children and their beliefs and expectations about themselves as parents (Study 1) and the characteristics of their prospective children (Study 2). Persons with more avoidant and anxious-ambivalent models of close adult relationships harbored more negative models of parent-hood and parent-child relationships. These findings indicate that working models of parenting and parent-child relationships form well before marriage and the birth of children and that these models are systematically associated with attachment styles in adult relationships. The findings also suggest ways in which insecure attachments between child and parent may be influenced by the caregiver's models of parenting and parent-child relationships. 相似文献
34.
Elizabeth Liebert 《Pastoral Psychology》1995,43(6):393-409
This essay has three purposes. First, it proposes a method for reading texts developmentally, noting the appropriate type of text for this enterprise, the process for estimating the subject's developmental perspective, and necessary cautions when undertaking a developmental interpretation. Second, it highlights developmental dynamics which can be approximated in other contexts. Finally, it lifts up the writings of an extraordinary young Dutch woman, a victim of Auschwitz, offering her life as a model of virtues which our society would do well to imitate more than fifty years after the Holocaust.Where she also directs the Program in Christian Spirituality. 相似文献
35.
Research examining the possible effects of deceptive research participation on participants' perceptions of psychology has yielded equivocal results. The present study's goal was to clarify the possible effects of participation in mildly deceptive research on participants' impressions of scientific and applied psychology. Participants (N = 112) were randomly assigned to one of six experimental conditions: active groups receiving negative, positive, or no feedback, or passive groups receiving negative, positive, or no feedback. Following participation, participants completed measures of impressions of psychotherapy and psychotherapists, researchers, and instructors. The manipulation did not affect attitudes toward psychology on any of the dependent measures, although gender effects resulted on one measure. Participants in general reported very positive attitudes toward the science and practice of psychology. Recommendations are offered for future research on the effects of more extensive deceptions. 相似文献
36.
Many young children are reared today in both family and child-care settings. The relation that exists between these two settings has important implications for child care. Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological model is used as a way to view the interrelations among children, families, and child-care programs. Data from a study of infants in day care provide information on the time infants spend in family and day-care contexts, how parents and caregivers view children's behavior in these two settings, and rates of otitis media (ear infections) and other illnesses for these children. Results show that infants spend about twice as many hours per day awake with parents as in day care. Regarding child behaviors, parents and caregivers seem to have similar behaviors they like and dislike, but they each see particular children quite differently with respect to these behaviors. Finally, infants in this sample were diagnosed with illnesses 60% to 70% of the time. Findings are discussed in terms of the ecological model with particular attention given to relations between parents and caregivers. 相似文献
37.
During sensory preconditioning, rats were given two distinct flavors (saccharin and coffee) in sequence with 0, 9, or 27 sec between the two flavors. A control group received the flavors unpaired. In subsequent training, the second flavor preceded sucrose by 5 min. Later, the subjects that had had 0- or 9-sec delays between the two flavors showed a significant preference for the flavor not directly reinforced, whereas those that had had a 27-sec delay showed only a marginally significant preference. Although taste aversions have been produced using these methods, this is the first demonstration of conditioned preferences for flavors not directly associated with the reinforcers. These results offer an alternative way to study flavor-flavor learning. 相似文献
38.
Patricia E. Boverie Denise J. Scheuffele Elizabeth L. Raymond 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》1994,13(4):289-302
Research on risk-taking behavior has shown to yield inconsistent findings. Three studies were conducted using four different
analysis techniques. The first study used a phenomenological approach and qualitative analysis to gain an understanding of
risk-taking. A model of factors relating to risk-taking was developed and tested in a second study. The third study was conducted
to develop scales of risk and used magnitude estimation and multidimensional scaling techniques. Results from the studies
confirmed the multidimensionality of the construct of risk-taking. Also indicated was a gender difference in risk-taking behavior
and perception. These studies expand our knowledge of risk-taking behavior in that 1) a method of categorizing risks was developed,
2) gender similarities and differences in risk-taking were explored, and 3) perceived magnitude and underlying dimensions
of risk were developed. 相似文献
39.
The present study investigated 2-month-olds’ abilities to discriminate allophonic differences that are potentially useful in segmenting fluent speech. Experiment 1 investigated infants’ sensitivity to the kind of distinction that may signal the presence or absence of a word boundary. When tested with the high-amplitude sucking procedure, infants discriminated pairs of items, such as “nitrate” versus “night rate” and “nikrate” versus “nike rate.” By greatly reducing the potential contribution of prosodic differences to these contrasts, Experiment 2 evaluated whether the allophonic differences for /t/ and /r/ were sufficient for infants to distinguish the “nitrate” versus “night rate” pair. Infants distinguished “nitrate” from a cross-spliced version of “night rate,” which differed only in the allophones for /t/ and /r/ that it included. Thus, infants appear to possess one of the prerequisite capacities (i.e., the ability to discriminate allophonic distinctions) necessary to use allophonic information in segmenting fluent speech. 相似文献
40.
Abstract: Do memories change as we acquire new information? Recent research on memory distortion using implicit tests along with research using confidence is reviewed and new studies are presented. Two new studies asked misinformed subjects to provide reasons for their answers. In each study 15% to 27% of subjects said they remembered seeing items they had only read about. In another study subjects were asked to identify the source of misleading items they had seen in slides or read in misleading questions. Subjects were more likely to say they had seen in slides something they read about in the questions than they were to confuse information from two nearly identical sets of slides. Recent work shows that, not only is it possible to distort memory for events, it is possible to implant an entire memory for something that never happened. The evidence is now clear that we can become mentally tricked into making large as well as small changes in the way we recall the past. 相似文献