排序方式: 共有197条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
181.
182.
Elisa Delvecchio Daniela Di Riso Daphne Chessa Silvia Salcuni Claudia Mazzeschi Loredana Laghezza 《Journal of child and family studies》2014,23(6):989-999
Expressed emotion (EE) is an index of the amount of emotion typically displayed by a family member or caretaker characterized by high emotional involvement, hostility or criticism. The aims of the current study were (a) to examine EE, stress and helplessness in childcare, and family functioning in mothers and fathers of elementary and junior high school children without clinical mental health problems living in a “nonclinical” family context; (b) to assess relationships between child age, gender, socio-economic status and EE; and (c) to investigate whether there are some factors—in a “normal family” context—that play a crucial role in the quality of EE. EE, assessed using the Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS), and questionnaires assessing parenting alliance, family functioning, parenting stress index, and the parent’s state of helplessness in caring for the child were completed by a community-based Italian sample of mothers and fathers of children (N = 381) aged 6–14 years (M = 9.8, SD = 2.25). As expected, low rates in all FMSS variables were found for mothers and fathers, without significant differences between them. Mothers and fathers who showed high EE scores reported higher family non-adaptive functioning. Mothers also reported higher parental stress and higher Helplessness in caring for the child. Mothers’ stress and fathers’ reports of higher family non-adaptive functioning were the most consistent predictors of EE. Further research is needed to highlight associations between EE and family functioning. 相似文献
183.
184.
Peterson AL Luethcke CA Borah EV Borah AM Young-McCaughan S 《Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings》2011,18(2):164-175
Over the past 9 years approximately 2 million U.S. military personnel have deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom
in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom in and around Afghanistan. It has been estimated that 5–17% of service members returning
from these deployments are at significant risk for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Many of these returning
war veterans will seek medical and mental health care in academic health centers. This paper reviews the unique stressors
that are related to the development of combat-related PTSD. It also reviews evidence-based approaches to the assessment and
treatment of PTSD, research needed to evaluate treatments for combat-related PTSD, and opportunities and challenges for clinical
psychologists working in academic health centers. 相似文献
185.
Models of decision making postulate that interactions between contextual conditions and characteristics of the decision maker determine decision-making performance. We tested this assumption by using a possible positive contextual influence (goals) and a possible negative contextual influence (anchor) in a risky decision-making task (Game of Dice Task, GDT). In this task, making advantageous choices is well known to be closely related to a specific decision maker variable: the individual level of executive functions. One hundred subjects played the GDT in one of four conditions: with self-set goal for final balance (n?=?25), with presentation of an anchor (a fictitious Top 10 list, showing high gains of other participants; n?=?25), with anchor and goal definition (n?=?25), and with neither anchor nor goal setting (n?=?25). Subjects in the conditions with anchor made more risky decisions irrespective of the negative feedback, but this anchor effect was influenced by goal monitoring and moderated by the level of the subjects' executive functions. The findings imply that impacts of situational influences on decision making as they frequently occur in real life depend upon the individual's cognitive abilities. Anchor effects can be overcome by subjects with good cognitive abilities. 相似文献
186.
187.
Miia Sainio Sanna Herkama Tiina Turunen Mikko Rönkkö Mari Kontio Elisa Poskiparta Christina Salmivalli 《Scandinavian journal of psychology》2020,61(1):132-142
We examined the sustainability of the KiVa antibullying program in Finland from its nationwide roll-out in 2009 to 2016. Using latent class analyses, we identified four different patterns of implementation. The persistent schools (43%) maintained a high likelihood of participation throughout the study period. The awakened (14%) had a decreasing trend during the first years, but then increased the likelihood of program participation. The tail-offs (20%) decreased in the likelihood of participating after the third year, and the drop-offs (23%) already after the first year. The findings suggest that many schools need support during the initial years to launch and maintain the implementation of evidence-based programs; yet a large proportion of schools manage to sustain the program implementation for several years. The logistic regression analyses showed that large schools persisted more likely than small schools. Lower initial level of victimization was also related to the sustainability of the program. Finally, persistent program participation was predicted by several school-level actions during the initial years of implementing the program. These results imply that the sustainability of evidence-based programs could be enhanced by supporting and guiding schools when setting up the program during the initial implementation. 相似文献
188.
189.
190.