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121.
Impett EA Strachman A Finkel EJ Gable SL 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2008,94(5):808-823
Three studies tested whether adopting strong (relative to weak) approach goals in relationships (i.e., goals focused on the pursuit of positive experiences in one's relationship such as fun, growth, and development) predict greater sexual desire. Study 1 was a 6-month longitudinal study with biweekly assessments of sexual desire. Studies 2 and 3 were 2-week daily experience studies with daily assessments of sexual desire. Results showed that approach relationship goals buffered against declines in sexual desire over time and predicted elevated sexual desire during daily sexual interactions. Approach sexual goals mediated the association between approach relationship goals and daily sexual desire. Individuals with strong approach goals experienced even greater desire on days with positive relationship events and experienced less of a decrease in desire on days with negative relationships events than individuals who were low in approach goals. In two of the three studies, the association between approach relationship goals and sexual desire was stronger for women than for men. Implications of these findings for maintaining sexual desire in long-term relationships are discussed. 相似文献
122.
123.
James Barabas Robert B. Goldstein Henry Apfelbaum Russell L. Woods Robert G. Giorgi Eli Peli 《Behavior research methods》2004,36(4):757-770
This article describes a system for tracking the line of primary gaze (LoPG) of participants as they view a large projection
screen. Using a magnetic head tracker and a tracking algorithm, we find the onscreen location at which a participant is pointing
a head-mounted crosshair. The algorithm presented for tracking the LoPG uses a polynomial function to correct for distortion
in magnetic tracker readings, a geometric model for computing LoPG from corrected tracker measurements, and a method for finding
the intersection of the LoPG with the screen. Calibration techniques for the above methods are presented. The results of two
experiments validating the algorithm and calibration methods are also reported. Experiments showed an improvement in accuracy
of LoPG tracking provided by each of the two presented calibration steps, yielding errors in LoPG measurements of less than
2° over a wide range of head positions. Source code for the described algorithms can be downloaded from the Psychonomic Society
Web archive,http://www.psychonomic.org/archive/. 相似文献
124.
Reis HT Maniaci MR Caprariello PA Eastwick PW Finkel EJ 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2011,101(3):557-570
Does familiarity promote attraction? Prior research has generally suggested that it does, but a recent set of studies by Norton, Frost, and Ariely (2007) challenged that assumption. Instead, they found that more information about another person, when that information was randomly selected from lists of trait adjectives, using a trait evaluation paradigm, promoted perceptions of dissimilarity and, hence, disliking. The present research began with the assumption that natural social interaction involves contexts and processes not present in Norton et al.'s research or in the typical familiarity experiment. We theorized that these processes imply a favorable impact of familiarity on attraction. Two experiments are reported using a live interaction paradigm in which two previously unacquainted same-sex persons interacted with each other for varying amounts of time. Findings strongly supported the "familiarity leads to attraction" hypothesis: The more participants interacted, the more attracted they were to each other. Mediation analyses identified three processes that contribute to this effect: perceived responsiveness, increased comfort and satisfaction during interaction, and perceived knowledge. 相似文献
125.
126.
Dewall CN Lambert NM Slotter EB Pond RS Deckman T Finkel EJ Luchies LB Fincham FD 《Journal of personality and social psychology》2011,101(6):1302-1316
Temptation pervades modern social life, including the temptation to engage in infidelity. The present investigation examines one factor that may put individuals at a greater risk of being unfaithful to their partner: dispositional avoidant attachment style. The authors hypothesize that avoidantly attached people may be less resistant to temptations for infidelity due to lower levels of commitment in romantic relationships. This hypothesis was confirmed in 8 studies. People with high, vs. low, levels of dispositional avoidant attachment had more permissive attitudes toward infidelity (Study 1), showed attentional bias toward attractive alternative partners (Study 2), expressed greater daily interest in meeting alternatives to their current relationship partner (Study 5), perceived alternatives to their current relationship partner more positively (Study 6), and engaged in more infidelity over time (Studies 3, 4, 7, and 8). This effect was mediated by lower levels of commitment (Studies 5-8). Thus, avoidant attachment predicted a broad spectrum of responses indicative of interest in alternatives and propensity to engage in infidelity, which were mediated by low levels of commitment. 相似文献
127.
Lee-Flynn SC Pomaki G Delongis A Biesanz JC Puterman E 《Personality & social psychology bulletin》2011,37(2):255-268
The current study investigated how self-esteem and self-concept clarity are implicated in the stress process both in the short and long term. Initial and 2-year follow-up interviews were completed by 178 participants from stepfamily unions. In twice-daily structured diaries over 7 days, participants reported their main family stressor, cognitive appraisals (perceived stressor threat and stressor controllability), and negative affect. Results of multilevel modeling indicated that high self-esteem ameliorated the effect of daily negative cognitive appraisals on daily negative affect. Self-concept clarity also buffered the effect of low self-self-esteem on depressive symptoms 2 years later. Our findings point to the vulnerability of those having low self-esteem or low self-concept clarity in terms of both short- and long-term adaptation to stress. They indicate the need for the consideration of such individual differences in designing stress management interventions. 相似文献
128.
Eli Dresner 《Synthese》2006,153(1):1-22
In the first section of this paper I review Measurement Theoretic Semantics – an approach to formal semantics modeled after
the application of numbers in measurement, e.g., of length. In the second section it is argued that the measurement theoretic
approach to semantics yields a novel, useful conception of propositions. In the third section the measurement theoretic view
of propositions is compared with major other accounts of propositional content. 相似文献
129.
Nir Uziel Joseph Meyerson Yonatan Birenzweig Ilana Eli 《Psychology, health & medicine》2019,24(1):59-67
Professional burnout and work-related stress are known problems that have been the subject of in-depth examination among dentists. Nevertheless, these issues have not been widely studied among dental assistants. The aims of this study were threefold: to confirm the structure of a Work Stress Inventory (WSI) for Dental Assistants which was originally developed for Jordanian dental assistants (factor analysis); to evaluate work stress and burnout among Israeli dental assistants and to discover the factors predicting Israeli assistants’ burnout (regression analyses). The Maslach Burnout Inventory and the WSI were distributed by mail and in person. Varimax factor analysis revealed that the items which contribute to different aspects of work stress are similar among both Jordanian and Israeli populations. Among the 299 Israeli dental assistants who completed the questionnaires, the most stressful work-related factors were income, workload, and work hazards. Eighteen percent of the participants exhibited a high to very high level of burnout. Participants exhibited a moderate level of emotional exhaustion (EE), low level of depersonalization (DP), and high level of personal accomplishment (PA). Most WSI factors were found to correlate positively with EE and DP. Linear stepwise regression analyses revealed that the best predictor of EE was the dentist?assistant relationship, followed by workload, patient type, and salary. The best predictor of DP was patient suffering followed by dentist?assistant relationship, years of professional experience, and work hazards. Professional stress and burnout among dental assistants are important factors that can possibly affect the wellbeing of both dental personnel and their patients. Further studies are necessary to better understand these factors in addition to the effects of personal relationships on burnout among dentists and their assistants. 相似文献
130.
Combining cues while avoiding perceptual conflicts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A common assumption in cue combination models is that small discrepancies between cues are due to the limited resolution of the individual cues. Whenever this assumption holds, information from the separate cues can best be combined to give a single, more accurate estimate of the property of interest. We examined whether information about the discrepancy itself is lost when this is done. In our experiments, subjects were required to combine cues to match certain properties while avoiding perceptual conflicts. In part 1, they combined expansion and change in disparity to estimate motion in depth; and in part 2, they combined perspective and binocular disparities to estimate slant. We compared the pattern in the way that subjects set the two cues with the patterns predicted by models of cue combination with and without a loss of information about the discrepancy. From this comparison we conclude that little information about the discrepancies between cues is lost when the cues are combined. 相似文献