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141.
Eileen?WillisEmail authorView authors OrcID profile Lily?Dongxia?Xiao Wendy?Morey Lesley?Jeffers Ann?Harrington David?Gillham Anita?De?Bellis 《Journal of International Migration and Integration》2018,19(3):683-700
This paper draws on qualitative interviews with migrant Indo-Asian and African personal care workers and registered and enrolled nurses employed by two not-for-profit residential aged care organisations in Australia: AnglicareSA and Resthaven Inc. The paper examines the way these culturally and linguistically diverse staff talk about the safe organisational environment provided by their employers, while in the wider Australian environment, low levels of hostility towards migrants and refugees are a constant cultural force. We demonstrate the impact of these organisations’ foundational ethics and values that influence how human resource diversity management strategies impact on the quality care provided to residents. We argue that this ethic and these human resource strategies act as conduits for culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) staff to integrate into the workforce and as a mechanism in assisting new migrants to transition into the wider Australian society, while at the same time enriching the care of the older persons. 相似文献
142.
Recent research has identified a pattern of anxious and averse reactions towards the management of personal finances that particularly affects the young. A correlational study was conducted including 168 UK university students to investigate the nature of financial aversion within an attachment theory framework. It was hypothesised that, in addition to attachment style, financial aversion would be linked to financial stressors, dyslexia, and general anxiety. According to the findings, financial aversion was linked to probable dyslexia, symptoms of anxiety, attachment anxiety, and attachment dependency. Regression analysis identified attachment anxiety as the only independent predictor and suggested that it also moderated the effects of general anxiety on financial aversion. Findings may interest professionals counselling university students or other groups vulnerable to the experience of financial stress. 相似文献
143.
Anja Jamrozik Marguerite McQuire Eileen R. Cardillo Anjan Chatterjee 《Psychonomic bulletin & review》2016,23(4):1080-1089
Embodied cognition accounts posit that concepts are grounded in our sensory and motor systems. An important challenge for these accounts is explaining how abstract concepts, which do not directly call upon sensory or motor information, can be informed by experience. We propose that metaphor is one important vehicle guiding the development and use of abstract concepts. Metaphors allow us to draw on concrete, familiar domains to acquire and reason about abstract concepts. Additionally, repeated metaphoric use drawing on particular aspects of concrete experience can result in the development of new abstract representations. These abstractions, which are derived from embodied experience but lack much of the sensorimotor information associated with it, can then be flexibly applied to understand new situations. 相似文献
144.
William Todd Abraham Robert Ervin Cramer Ana Maria Fernandez Eileen Mahler 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2001,20(4):337-348
Asymmetries in subjective distress were observed among African American and white (N = 191) men and women who were asked to imagine a partner being emotionally and sexually unfaithful, and a partner committing
other paired, gender-linked viola-tions-of-trust. More women than men were distressed by imagining a partner forming a deep
emotional attachment to another person and more men than women were distressed by imagining a partner enjoying passionate
sexual intercourse with another person. In addition, more men than women were distressed by male-linked violations, such as
a partner no longer trying to look attractive, and more women than men were distressed by female-linked violations, such as
a partner no longer wanting to work. The results contribute to a growing body of cross-cultural research reporting gender
differences in distress to emotional and sexual infidelity. The results also provide cross-cultural validation of the extension
of an evolutionary perspective to under-standing gender differences in subjective distress to other biologically relevant
viola-tions-of-trust. 相似文献
145.
Teena Willoughby Eileen Wood Catherine McDermott Jennifer McLaren 《Applied cognitive psychology》2000,14(1):19-30
We examined strategic intervention when learners were actively engaged in group discussion to assess the impact of peer interaction. In addition, memory performance was compared between students who generated or evaluated elaborations when using the elaborative interrogation strategy, as well as between a supported strategy where learners were provided with explanatory elaborations and a self‐study condition. Introductory psychology students (N=263) in groups of 3 to 5 members studied sixty facts about familiar and unfamiliar animals. Overall, the potency of elaborative interrogation was confirmed regardless of whether students studied interactively or independently. The contribution of group members in facilitating knowledge when the group was able to share sophisticated strategic information also was highlighted. Most critically, when background knowledge was sufficient to promote connections between existing and new material, it was the active generation of elaborations that maximized learning. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
146.
Huddy VC Hodgson TL Kapasi M Mutsatsa SH Harrison I Barnes TR Joyce EM 《Journal of abnormal psychology》2007,116(3):589-598
Eye movements were measured during the performance of a computerized Tower of London task to specify the source of planning abnormalities in patients with 1st-episode schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Subjects viewed 2 arrays of colored balls in the upper and lower parts of the screen. They were asked to plan the shortest sequence of moves required to rearrange the balls in the lower screen to match the upper arrangement. Compared with healthy controls, patients made more planning errors, and decision times were longer. However, the patients showed the same gaze biases as controls prior to making a response, indicating that they understood the requirements of the task, approached the task in a strategic manner by identifying the nature of the problem, and used appropriate fixation strategies to plan and elaborate solutions. The patients showed increased duration of long-gaze periods toward both parts of the screen. This suggests that the patients had difficulty in encoding the essential features of the stimulus array. This finding is compatible with slowing of working memory consolidation. 相似文献
147.
Although the incidence of HIV in the United States is higher among men compared to women, the global proportion of women versus
men who are infected has been approximately 50% since the late 1990s. Women have been under-represented in neuropsychological
studies of HIV. A small number of studies have reported a significantly higher prevalence of neurocognitive impairment among
HIV+ women compared to HIV− controls regardless of symptom status and with or without an AIDS diagnosis. Impairment was most
evident on psychomotor tasks. The risk of neuropsychological impairment was increased among HIV+ women not on antiretroviral
therapy. Age and depressive symptoms also increase neurocognitive risk. New neurocognitive studies of ovarian steroid hormones,
PTSD and other psychiatric conditions are critical for addressing potential female-specific aspects of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive
Disorder. Such studies will also address questions regarding involvement of the hippocampus and verbal memory, which may be
of particular significance among HIV+ women.
相似文献
Pauline M. MakiEmail: |
148.
Substance abuse and co-infection with hepatitis C (HCV) are two highly relevant determinants of neurocognitive and neuroimaging
abnormalities associated with HIV. Substance abuse and HCV are common in the HIV population and there is increasing evidence
that the CNS is directly compromised by these comorbid conditions via additive or synergistic processes. In this article we
review the current literature regarding mechanisms of neuronal injury as well as the neuropsychological and neuroimaging signatures
associated with substance abuse and HCV status among HIV patients. We discuss specific methodological challenges and threats
to validity associated with studies of HIV and comorbid substance use disorders or HCV and review potential strategies for
minimizing their confounding effects. Efforts to understand the interactions between HIV, substance abuse and HCV co-infection
will lead to more complete models of neuropathogenesis of HIV and a greater understanding of the variability in neuropsychological
expression of HIV Associated Neurocognitive Disorder.
相似文献
Eileen M. Martin-ThormeyerEmail: |
149.
With the advancement of image acquisition and analysis methods in recent decades, unique opportunities have emerged to study the neuroanatomical correlates of intelligence. Traditional approaches examining global measures have been complemented by insights from more regional analyses based on pre-defined areas. Newer state-of-the-art approaches have further enhanced our ability to localize the presence of correlations between cerebral characteristics and intelligence with high anatomic precision. These in vivo assessments have confirmed mainly positive correlations, suggesting that optimally increased brain regions are associated with better cognitive performance. Findings further suggest that the models proposed to explain the anatomical substrates of intelligence should address contributions from not only (pre)frontal regions, but also widely distributed networks throughout the whole brain. 相似文献
150.
Jacqueline P. Rogalski Eileen M. Roscoe Daniel W. Fredericks Nabil Mezhoudi 《Journal of applied behavior analysis》2020,53(3):1514-1530
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effects of different magnitudes of escape for compliance relative to the magnitudes of escape for problem behavior in a concurrent-schedule arrangement. Three individuals who exhibited escape-maintained problem behavior participated. A large differential magnitude condition (240-s escape for compliance, 10-s escape for problem behavior) was compared to equal (30-s escape for compliance and problem behavior) and moderate differential magnitude (90-s escape for compliance, 10-s escape for problem behavior) conditions. The authors also evaluated the impact of correcting for reinforcer access time (i.e., time on escape intervals) on intervention interpretation. For all participants, problem behavior decreased during only the large differential magnitude condition, and including reinforcer access time in the overall session time did not affect interpretation of treatment outcomes. Providing larger escape magnitudes for compliance relative to problem behavior may facilitate treatment involving concurrent-reinforcement schedules for escape-maintained problem behavior. 相似文献