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11.
Sarah Lenington Lee C. Drickamer Ami Sessions Robinson Mark Erhart 《Aggressive behavior》1996,22(2):135-145
Work on the genetic region of the house mice known as the t-complex has produced the hypothesis that mice heterozygous for t-haplotypes (+/t) may have a selective advantage over wild-type (+/+) males owing to the greater aggressiveness of +/t males. We tested this hypothesis by examining the behavior of +/+ and +/t mice placed in four large outdoor enclosures. We found that +/t males were dominant over +/+ males. Furthermore, in the outdoor enclosures +/t males had higher survivorship than +/+ males, both as adults and juveniles. However, males of the two genotypes did not differ in home range size. We suggest that t-haplotypes may be, in part, maintained in mouse populations because of a selective advantage in heterozygous males. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. 相似文献
12.
Bat‐Ami Bar On 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》2004,19(4):194-198
In this essay I question an assumption of Card's, which seems to place the (Kantian'style) ethical in a directive relationship with respect to the political. I call attention to the rupture between the two as a marker of modernity and suggest that the political is not only a sphere of power but also a value‐sedimented field, with the values in question developing historically as in the case of liberal democracy. 相似文献
13.
Ami Rokach 《Current Psychology》2004,23(1):24-40
Loneliness, social isolation, and emotional alienation have become an all-too-common way of life to millions of North Americans;
to those who succumb to it and become immobilized, to those who are in the midst of their life's race and do not want to admit
it, and to many of those who seek psychological intervention for problems which are seemingly unrelated to loneliness.
Being so fundamental to human experience, loneliness merits a closer look and examination of its effects on daily living and
its relation to time and space. The present paper describes the various facets of loneliness and looks at man's search for
refuge from its devastating pain—a search that is as old as the history of man, and which transcends geographical, cultural,
and religious boundaries. 相似文献
14.
Ami Rokach 《Current Psychology》2001,20(1):3-18
There is a great diversity in the available strategies for coping with loneliness. The present study examined the influence
of age and gender on coping with loneliness. Seven hundred and eleven participants from all walks of life volunteered to answer
an 86 item yes/no questionnaire, reflecting on the beneficial coping strategies, which they have used to deal with the pain of loneliness. Four age groups were compared: youth (13–18
years old), young adults (19–30 years old), adults (31–58 years old) and seniors (60–80 years old). Within and between gender
comparisons were also done. Results revealed that loneliness is approached and dealt with more effectively by the adult group,
and that women appear to cope better than men do with loneliness. 相似文献
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16.
In English, the size of the regularity effect on word reading-aloud latency decreases across position of irregularity. This has been explained by a sublexical serially operating reading mechanism. It is unclear whether sublexical serial processing occurs in reading two-character kanji words aloud. To investigate this issue, we studied how the position of atypical character-to-sound correspondences influenced reading performance. When participants read inconsistent-atypical words aloud mixed randomly with nonwords, reading latencies of words with an inconsistent-atypical correspondence in the initial position were significantly longer than words with an inconsistent-atypical correspondence in the second position. The significant difference of reading latencies for inconsistent-atypical words disappeared when inconsistent-atypical words were presented without nonwords. Moreover, reading latencies for words with an inconsistent-atypical correspondence in the first position were shorter than for words with a typical correspondence in the first position. This typicality effect was absent when the atypicality was in the second position. These position-of-atypicality effects suggest that sublexical processing of kanji occurs serially and that the phonology of two-character kanji words is generated from both a lexical parallel process and a sublexical serial process. 相似文献
17.
Ami?RokachEmail author Tricia?Orzeck Felix?Neto 《Current psychology (New Brunswick, N.J.)》2004,23(2):124-137
The present study is an examination of the influence of cultural background on the ways in which the aged cope with loneliness.
Thirty-six participants from Canada and 105 from Portugal (60-83 years old) answered an 86-item questionnaire which examined
thebeneficial strategies which they used to cope with loneliness. The strategies which were examined included Acceptance and Reflection,
Self-Development and Understanding, Social Support Network, Distancing and Denial, Religion and Faith, and Increased Activity.
Results indicated that the elderly of the two cultures differ on three subscales. Gender differences between and within cultures
were also examined. 相似文献
18.
Ami Harbin 《希帕蒂亚:女权主义哲学杂志》2012,27(2):261-280
Neglect of the moral promise of disorientation is a persistent gap in even the most sophisticated philosophies of embodiment. In this article, I begin to correct this neglect by expanding our sense of the range and nature of disoriented experience and proposing new visions of disorientation as benefiting moral agency. Disorientations are experienced through complex interactions of corporeal, affective, and cognitive processes, and are characterized by feelings of shock, surprise, unease, and discomfort; felt disorientations almost always make us unsure of how to go on. I argue that experiences of disorientation can strengthen the moral agency of individuals. I begin by clarifying experiences of felt ease and orientation. I then characterize disoriented embodiment by investigating select experiences that often involve or accompany disorientation, focusing throughout on how disorientation prompts changes in motivation and action. I conclude by charting how disoriented embodiments can help individuals become better moral agents overall, in part by challenging norms that restrict embodiment and undermining dualistic conceptions of the self. 相似文献
19.
The weak central coherence (WCC) account of autism characterizes the learning style of individuals with this condition as favoring localized and fragmented (to the detriment of global and integrative) processing of information. This pattern of learning is thought to lead to deficits in aspects of perception (e.g., face processing), cognition, and communication (e.g., focus on disjointed details rather than "gist" or context), ultimately leading to social impairments. This study was carried out to examine whether WCC applies to social and to non-social aspects of learning alike, or, alternatively, some areas of learning (e.g., physical reasoning) are spared in autism. classic social animation as quantified in the Social Attribution Task (SAT) () and a novel animation involving physical reasoning (the Physical Attribution Task; PAT) were used to test the domain specificity of the WCC hypothesis. A pilot study involving a reference group of typically developing young adults and a group of individuals with higher-functioning autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) revealed gender differences in the reference group in regards to performance on the PAT (males outperformed females). In a follow-up case-control comparison involving only males where the ASD group was matched on age and IQ to a typically developing (TD) group of children, adolescents, and adults, the ASD group showed lower SAT scores and comparable PAT scores relative to the TD group. The interaction of diagnostic group by task was highly significant, with little overlap between the groups in the distributions of SAT minus PAT scores. These results indicated preserved integrative skills in the area of physical attribution in the ASD group, thus failing to support the WCC account as a domain-independent (or more general) model of learning in autism, while highlighting the centrality of the social deficits in the characterization of learning style in the autism spectrum disorders. 相似文献
20.
The concept of a spectrum of posttraumatic disorders has been postulated by a variety of major contributors to the field of
psychotraumatology. Although Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one trauma-based mental health disorder, there are other
posttraumatic illnesses that do not qualify for PTSD, nor are they accurately described by other diagnostic categories in
the DSM-IV. The present paper proposes and delineates a new syndrome, entitled Posttraumatic Relationship Syndrome (PTRS),
which is a function of the experience of trauma in the context of an emotionally intimate relationship. It differs from PTSD
in four fundamental ways: (1) the nature of the Stressor criterion; (2) the response to the Stressor; (3) the inclusion of
a category of relational symptoms; and (4) the way of coping with the trauma (i.e., it lacks the emotional numbing and avoidance
of stimuli associated with the trauma). The latter is the most salient difference as it involves a qualitatively different
experience of the “world of trauma”-a primarily conscious experience in PTRS and an often unconscious experience in PTSD. 相似文献