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991.
The SIMPLE system for a computer-based tachistoscope is reviewed, and features of its structure are described. An example is explained in detail. 相似文献
992.
Margaret A. Hagen Rebecca K. Jones Edward S. Reed 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1978,23(4):326-330
Theoretical analyses of pictorial perception have concentrated on the consequences of conflicting flatness and depth information in pictures, but have failed to consider the perceptual effects of the truncation of the visual field attendant on any pictorial display. The importance of this variable both for methods of testing pictorial information and for theory building was demonstrated. Under four different viewing conditions, adults were asked to scale the size and distance of five isoceles triangles at five different distances. The four conditions were unobstructed static monocular view, peephole view, view through a rectangular frame, and view of all the stimuli photographed in a slide. The slopes of the peephole, truncation, and slide conditions’ scaling functions were all significantly smaller than the slope of the untruncated Monocular condition, and the Y-intercepts were all greater. A decrease in over-constancy in the size functions indicated a similar effect for all three truncated conditions. Results are interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that truncation of the visual field, both in pictures and in peephole views of the real world, causes a frontal shift in the localization of the visible field, with a resultant compression of perceived size and distance. 相似文献
993.
994.
Children 1 and 3 years of age were given a two-choice spatial discrimination task. They were placed in front of a barrier and encouraged to walk around it; one route around the barrier was blocked. Three experiments studied the effects of different types of experience with this spatial problem. The first examined trial and error experience, in which the child was allowed to walk the route he or she had chosen. Although most children readily learned to choose the open route, the pattern of choices indicated that 3-year-olds were more likely to achieve a learning criterion after an error than 1-year-olds. A second experiment looked at the effects of showing the children the layout of the problem prior to trial and error experience. The 3-year-olds were again more likely than the 1-year-olds to achieve criterion after an error; furthermore, they were likely to know the correct route on the first trial. The third experiment let the children watch their parents take the correct route. This procedure eliminated age differences in performance. The initial choices of the 1-year-olds indicated that they were likely to know the correct route, and if they did not, they were just as likely to learn from their mistakes as the 3-year-olds. The data were interpreted within a mathematical model of learning. Based upon these analyses, we propose two developmental trends. One involves a growth in sensitivity to the consequences of a choice of route. The other is a progression from social learning to more independent and ideational methods of spatial problem solving. 相似文献
995.
Edward W. Scott 《The Ecumenical review》1980,32(4):364-376
996.
Edward M. Waring 《Contemporary Family Therapy》1980,2(4):243-252
The author suggests that clinical experience has developed to the point where the question can be asked, “Is a specific psychosomatic illness responsive to a specific type of family therapy?” Examples such as structural family therapy in childhood diabetes, asthma, pain, and anorexia nervosa; cognitive family therapy in adult chronic pain; and marital group behaviour modification in adult obesity, chronic pain, and myocardial infarction, are critically reviewed. The evidence suggests, but does not yet prove, that specific types of marital and family therapy may be effective in a few specific psychosomatic problems, a useful adjunctive therapy in some psychosomatic problems, and that family assessment is helpful in the management of all psychosomatic problems. 相似文献
997.
Edward K. Crossman Michael R. Stephenson Harold L. Lynch 《Behavior research methods》1980,12(2):238-240
An interface, controlled by a Z-80 central processor, that plugs into the PET microcomputer’s IEEE-488 port is described. This interface is capable of controlling 48 separate 28-V dc output signals, six of which are high current. Sixteen inputs (switch closures) can be accepted by the interface. Data tagged with real-time information are output automatically to cassette tape in PET format. This PET interface system is designed to accommodate a single experimental station. 相似文献
998.
Dr. Edward L. Walker 《Motivation and emotion》1980,4(2):105-111
The evolutions of Berlyne's theoretical contributions are traced by contrasting his particular developments with seven characteristics of Hullian theory. Berlyne is seen to have dismantled each element and replaced it with a vastly different theoretical position and structure. Berlyne developed a truly general theory, which was then differentiated with special concepts in specific areas as diverse as thinking and aesthetics.Much of the content of this article first appeared in Walker (1961). 相似文献
999.
Brożek Anna Świderski Edward Świętorzecka Kordula 《Studies in East European Thought》2022,74(2):145-148
Studies in East European Thought - 相似文献
1000.
Vlad Petre Glaveanu Michael Hanchett Hanson John Baer Baptiste Barbot Edward P. Clapp Giovanni Emanuele Corazza Beth Hennessey James C. Kaufman Izabela Lebuda Todd Lubart Alfonso Montuori Ingunn J. Ness Jonathan Plucker Roni Reiter-Palmon Zayda Sierra Dean Keith Simonton Monica Souza Neves-Pereira Robert J. Sternberg 《创造性行为杂志》2020,54(3):741-745
This manifesto, discussed by 20 scholars, representing diverse lines of creativity research, marks a conceptual shift within the field. Socio-cultural approaches have made substantial contributions to the concept of creativity over recent decades and today can provide a set of propositions to guide our understanding of past research and to generate new directions of inquiry and practice. These propositions are urgently needed in response to the transition from the Information Society to the Post-Information Society. Through the propositions outlined here, we aim to build common ground and invite the community of creativity researchers and practitioners to reflect up, study, and cultivate creativity as a socio-cultural phenomenon. 相似文献