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961.
To improve understanding about genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior (ASB), we tested the association
of the 44-base pair polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and maltreatment using latent class analysis
in 2,488 boys and girls from Wave 1 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. In boys, ASB was defined by three
classes (Exclusive Covert, Mixed Covert and Overt, and No Problems) whereas in girls, ASB was defined by two classes (Exclusive
Covert, No Problems). In boys, 5-HTTLPR and maltreatment were not significantly related to ASB. However, in girls, maltreatment,
but not 5-HTTLPR, was significantly associated with ASB. A significant interaction between 5-HTTLPR and maltreatment was also
observed, where maltreated girls homozygous for the short allele were 12 times more likely to be classified in the Exclusive
Covert group than in the No Problems group. Structural differences in the latent structure of ASB at Wave 2 and Wave 3 prevented
repeat LCA modeling. However, using counts of ASB, 5-HTTLPR, maltreatment, and its interaction were unrelated to overt and
covert ASB at Wave 2 and only maltreatment was related to covert ASB at Wave 3. We discuss these findings within the context
of sex differences in ASB and relevant models of gene-environment interplay across developmental periods. 相似文献
962.
Nam-In Lee 《Husserl Studies》2010,26(2):131-145
In this paper, I will examine the possibility of first philosophy from a phenomenological point of view. I will do this by
assessing Levinas’s criticism of Husserl’s conception of first philosophy. In Sect. 1, I will delineate Husserl’s conception of first philosophy. In Sect. 2, I will introduce Levinas’s conception of ethics as first philosophy and sketch out his criticism of Husserl’s conception
of first philosophy. In Sect. 3, I will assess Levinas’s criticism of Husserl’s conception and show that from a phenomenological point of view, it is possible
to develop first philosophy only in a relative sense and not in an absolute sense. The possibility of first philosophy in
a relative sense implies that both Husserl’s and Levinas’s conceptions of first philosophy have some limitations and should
be revised, since in a certain way, they are each conceived from an absolute point of view. In Sect. 4, I will show that the conception of first philosophy in a relative sense is a phenomenological one and sketch out some basic
features of first philosophy in a relative sense. 相似文献
963.
964.
965.
This study examined male and female sexuality in video game characters. The top 20, best selling console (Microsoft Xbox, Sony PlayStation2, and Nintendo GameCube) video games from the U.S. market for fiscal year 2003 were content analyzed. The 60 video games yielded a total of 489 separate characters with an identifiable sex for coding. Chi-square analyses indicated that female characters (n?=?70) were underrepresented in comparison to their male counterparts (n?=?419) as hypothesized. In comparison to male characters, females were significantly more likely to be shown partially nude, featured with an unrealistic body image, and depicted wearing sexually revealing clothing and inappropriate attire as also predicted. Implications for these findings are discussed using social cognitive theory as a theoretical anchor. 相似文献
966.
Based on the assertion that previous research may have inadvertently confounded two stereotypes, we considered the impact of benevolent sexism on rape victim blame in the context of independent manipulations of gender and the perceived genuineness (victim stereotypicality) of an acquaintance rape victim. We predicted that for blame, benevolent sexism may be independently positively associated with gender and victim counter-stereotypicality. Following pilot work, 120 Australian undergraduates read an acquaintance rape scenario. Results indicated that benevolent sexism was only positively associated with blame of the gender counter-stereotypical victim when that victim was also counter-stereotypical in terms of victim stereotypes. This result indicates a more moderate role than previously indicated for benevolent sexism in accounting for rape victim blame. 相似文献
967.
Randall T. Salekin Sara A. Debus Edward D. Barker 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》2010,32(4):501-514
Given the consideration of callousness as a specifier for Conduct Disorder in the DSM-V, it seems imperative that researchers
continue to investigate this personality style in adolescents to determine both its applicability and utility. The present
study examined the Youth Psychopathic traits Inventory (YPI; Andershed et al. 2002) and the Interpersonal Adjective Scale Revised-Big 5 (IASR-B5; Trapnell and Wiggins 1990a, b) psychopathy scales in relation to the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality. Using a sample of adolescent offenders (N = 145), the YPI and IASR-B5 psychopathy scales showed adequate reliability and strong inverse bivariate relations with the
FFM domains of Agreeableness (−A) and Conscientiousness (−C). Multivariate analyses, at the facet level, revealed that Tendermindedness
(−A) and Assertiveness (+E) explained the association between FFM facets and the YPI, whereas Altruism (−A), Modesty (−A),
Straightforwardness (−A), Assertiveness (+E), Warmth (−E), and Deliberation (+C) all uniquely contributed to the IASR-B5 psychopathy
scale. Both measures were linked with general and violent recidivism. The authors discuss the implications of these findings
in terms of the use of personality to help describe conduct problem youth and the need for future research in this important
area. 相似文献
968.
Techniques commonly used to increase truth‐telling in most North American jurisdiction courts include requiring witnesses to discuss the morality of truth‐ and lie‐telling and to promise to tell the truth prior to testifying. While promising to tell the truth successfully decreases younger children's lie‐telling, the influence of discussing the morality of honesty and promising to tell the truth on adolescents' statements has remained unexamined. In Experiment 1, 108 youngsters, aged 8–16 years, were left alone in the room and asked not to peek at the answers to a test. The majority of participants peeked at the test answers and then lied about their transgression. More importantly, participants were eight times more likely to change their response from a lie to the truth after promising to tell the truth. Experiment 2 confirmed that the results of Experiment 1 were not solely due to repeated questioning or the moral discussion of truth‐ and lie‐telling. These results suggest that, while promising to tell the truth influences the truth‐telling behaviors of adolescents, a moral discussion of truth and lies does not. Legal implications are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
969.
Many marriage and family therapy (MFT) trainees and therapists working toward licensure are accumulating hours in publically
funded treatment centers. The increasingly diverse clientele in the U.S. likely will be served in the public sector, especially
as many states are providing more funding for county agencies and increased tuition reimbursement and/or loan forgiveness
for students and graduates who work for these organizations. MFTs may feel ill-equipped to address spiritual issues in therapy
at these sites, especially when grappling with ethical concerns. This article delineates a case example in which an MFT attends
to spiritual issues when working with a family in a county mental health center. The authors illustrate how a therapist can
navigate the ethical dilemmas of this case when working from a Bowenian perspective. 相似文献
970.
Babatunde Ogunfowora Joshua Bourdage Kibeom Lee 《Journal of business and psychology》2010,25(3):465-476