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151.
Edmund L. Erde 《Theoretical medicine and bioethics》1995,16(3):235-238
This essay announces the inauguration of a section ofTheoretical Medicine and invites submissions on the topic “Method and Methodology in Medical Ethics.” It offers some sketches of plausible meanings of “method” and of “methodology” and their relationships as these might apply to work in biomedical ethics. It suggests a broad range of issues, dilemmas or conflicts that may be addressed for help via method and/or methodology. 相似文献
152.
Karen E. Courchaine Patricia A. Loucka Edmund Thomas Dowd 《Counselling psychology quarterly》1995,8(2):123-137
These two studies investigated the main and interaction effects of client reactance and counsellor interpretation discrepancy and style on counsellor social influence and the working alliance. Undergraduate students who were divided into high and low reactant pups listened to low, moderate, or high discrepancy interpretations given by counsellors who used a tentative or absolute interpretation. Contrary to the hypotheses, results showed only one interaction effect for reactance, interpretation discrepancy, and interpretation style. Low reactant participants rated the working alliance higher with tentative interpretations while high reactant participants rated it higher with absolute. High reactant participants consistently tended to perceive the counsellor less positively than low reactant participants. There were unexpected gender differences, suggesting that females saw the counselling more positively in the low discrepancy condition while males did in the moderate. The results were not supportive of an interaction among reactance, discrepancy, and style, but are in line with macro-results in the counselling and psychotherapy literature indicating the primary importance of client variables. 相似文献
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Edmund G. Howe 《Behavioral sciences & the law》1989,7(3):317-337
This article presents and analyzes options military physicians face regarding whether or not to respect gay servicepersons' confidentiality. This situation is considered to be generic to others that involve similar conflicts. Dilemmas arising before and after the emergence of HIV-related diseases are discussed. Recommendations regarding psychiatrists' ethical obligations when conducting forensic exams are compared with military physicians' obligations to respect servicepersons' confidentiality. It is suggested that military psychiatrists should violate servicepersons' confidentiality under some circumstances, but generally should warn them in advance that they will do so. Possible exceptions exist when warning servicepersons would increase the likelihood that justice would be violated or substantial harm would occur. 相似文献
155.
Edmund D. Pellegrino M.D. 《The Journal of medical humanities》1987,8(1):7-18
At the center of medical morality is the healing relationship. It is defined by three phenomena: the fact of illness, the act of profession, and the act of medicine. The first puts the patient in a vulnerable and dependent position; it results in an unequal relationship. The second implies a promise to help. The third involves those actions that will lead to a medically competent healing decision. But it must also be good for the patient in the fullest possible sense. The physician cannot fully heal without giving the patient an understanding of alternatives such that he or she can freely arrive—together with the physician—at a decision in keeping with his or her personal morality and values. In today's pluralistic society, universal agreement on moral issues between physicians and patients is no longer possible. Nevertheless, a reconstruction of professional ethics based on a new appreciation of what makes for a true healing relationship between patient and physician is both possible and necessary. 相似文献
156.
This study explored the pictoral representation of men, women, boys, and girls in popular computer magazines through content analysis. Issues of three mass market computer magazines (total pages =2,637) were analyzed to determine numbers of men, women, boys, and girls illustrated; roles in which they were portrayed; and whether they were shown using the computer actively, standing by while others used the computer, or rejecting the computer. Many stereotypic portrayals were found: Men appeared in illustrations almost twice as often as women; women were overrepresented as clerical workers and sex objects, while men were overrepresented as managers, experts, and repair technicians. Women were shown significantly more often in a passive role vis-à-vis computers. In mixed-sex illustrations, men were most often shown in the position of authority. Only women were shown rejecting the computer or portrayed as sex objects. Also included are observations regarding the effects of stereotypic portrayals on women/girls and suggestions for further research. 相似文献
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EdmundD.Pellegrino MarkSiegler PeterA.Singer 《医学与哲学(人文社会医学版)》2003,24(5):32-35
1 既往史序言本文是描述临床伦理学领域系列文章中的最后一篇。我们在本文中预测临床伦理学若干可能的方向。我们选定为今后 2 0年作些推测———这是一个大致上相等于美国现代生命医学伦理学运动整个历史的时期。在以往 2 0年中 ,生命医学伦理学是跟生物学与医学的革命性发展同步的。其结果是 ,生命医学伦理学在这个时期比它在整个既往历史中变化得更为深刻。今日 ,生命医学伦理学不仅使伦理学家们高度感兴趣 ,而且使我们社会全体都高度感兴趣 ,包括卫生界、公众、法院、媒体及政策制订者。在一个 2 5 0 0年中甚少变化 ,几乎只把它眼光限… 相似文献