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121.
Joseph C. Rode Christine H. Mooney Marne L. Arthaud-day Janet P. Near Robert S. Rubin Timothy T. Baldwin William H. Bommer 《Intelligence》2008,36(4):350-366
We examined the structural, discriminant, nomological, and incremental predictive validity of a behavioral measure of emotional intelligence, using data from two undergraduate student samples. Covariance structure modeling indicated that the eight subscales of the MSCEIT© V2.0 were best modeled with a solution consisting of three first-order factors, and supported the existence of one higher-order factor of overall emotional intelligence. Multi-group confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the higher-order factor had discriminant validity from personality and conformity. Contrary to prediction, the higher-order factor was more highly correlated to social desirability than to general mental ability or long term affect. Finally, hierarchical regression results indicated that overall emotional intelligence did not predict incremental variance in either GPA or life satisfaction. 相似文献
122.
Much variability in social behavior is intra-individual; people vary their actions strategically across contexts. Yet most personality assessment methods are inter-individual; they chart between-person differences in average behavioral tendencies. The present research advanced novel idiographic assessment methods to predict intra-individual variability in a behavioral domain of long-standing interest to personality psychologists: humor. Individuals participated in three assessment sessions. Personal beliefs about reasons for using humor were assessed either idiographically or with respect to a nomothetic system of humor-related reasons for action. The subjective relevance of nomothetically- and idiographically-identified reasons to everyday social situations was assessed. Subsequently, participants reported their perceived likelihood of using humor in specific social contexts. As predicted, likelihood of humor use varied substantially as a function of the relevance of situations to idiographically-identified reasons, but did not vary as a function of the relevance of situations to reasons identified nomothetically. Implications for personality and assessment are discussed. 相似文献
123.
Mustard JA Edgar EA Mazade RE Wu C Lillvis JL Wright GA 《Neurobiology of learning and memory》2008,90(4):633-643
Invertebrates are valuable models for increasing our understanding of the effects of ethanol on the nervous system, but most studies on invertebrates and ethanol have focused on the effects of ethanol on locomotor behavior. In this work we investigate the influence of an acute dose of ethanol on appetitive olfactory learning in the honey bee (Apis mellifera), a model system for learning and memory. Adult worker honey bees were fed a range of doses (2.5%, 5%, 10%, or 25%) of ethanol and then conditioned to associate an odor with a sucrose reward using either a simple or differential conditioning paradigm. Consumption of ethanol before conditioning significantly reduced both the rate of acquisition and the asymptotic strength of the association. Honey bees also exhibited a dose dependent reduction in arousal/attention during conditioning. Consumption of ethanol after conditioning did not affect recall 24h later. The observed deficits in acquisition were not due to the affect of ethanol on gustatory sensitivity or motor function. However, honey bees given higher doses of ethanol had difficulty discriminating amongst different odors suggesting that ethanol consumption influences olfactory processing. Taken together, these results demonstrate that an acute dose of ethanol affects appetitive learning and olfactory perception in the honey bee. 相似文献
124.
Based on the continuity hypothesis of dreaming, the effects of World War II on the dreams of German persons have been studied. The present study included four representative samples from 1956 to 2000 (repeated cross-sectional surveys). Although a decline of war-related dream themes over time was found, the heightened rate of these themes in the oldest age group (60 years and older) in the year 2000 indicate the long-lasting effect of emotionally salient life experiences on dreams. The present findings indicate that the method of dream content analysis is a very informative approach to study the effects of political events on the inner life of people and, thus, of value for the field of political science. 相似文献
125.
126.
Jeffrey B Rubin 《American journal of psychoanalysis》2014,74(2):115-122
“Each Individual is a Surprise” is a brief account of a dialogue between Marianne Horney Eckardt and myself about the state of psychoanalysis and the psychoanalytic process, the danger of idolatry, the damaging impact of psychoanalytic schools when they create a standardized and pathologizing approach to people, the value of curiosity and humility and retaining one’s clinical creativity. The role of Rank, Horney, Sullivan, and Fromm in Dr. Eckardt’s long life and rich work is touched upon. 相似文献
127.
Pezdek, Blandon-Gitlin, and Gabbay (2006) found that perceptions of the plausibility of events increase the likelihood that
imagination may induce false memories of those events. Using a survey conducted by Gallup, we asked a large sample of the
general population how plausible it would be for a person with longstanding emotional problems and a need for psychotherapy
to be a victim of childhood sexual abuse, even though the person could not remember the abuse. Only 18% indicated that it
was implausible or very implausible, whereas 67% indicated that such an occurrence was either plausible or very plausible.
Combined with Pezdek et al.’s findings, and counter to their conclusions, our findings imply that there is a substantial danger
of inducing false memories of childhood sexual abuse through imagination in psychotherapy. 相似文献
128.
The current literature on nanoethics focuses on a wide array of topics such as equity, privacy, military, environment, human
enhancement, intellectual property, and security. The identification of those topics leads to the adoption of an ethical stance,
which we call the in itself dimension. In this article we argue that even though it is correct to identify the areas where ethical problems are imperative to deal
with (in itself dimension), it is a partial approach. This is because the in itself dimension pays no attention to another ethical stance; one that does not have anything to do with individual or collective responsibilities,
but rather with the socio-economic system into which those responsibilities are embedded. We call this second issue the contextual dimension. 相似文献
129.
In the present study, ratings of the memory of an important event from the previous week on the frequency of voluntary and
involuntary retrieval, belief in its accuracy, visual imagery, auditory imagery, setting, emotional intensity, valence, narrative
coherence, and centrality to the life story were obtained from 988 adults whose ages ranged from 15 to over 90. Another 992
adults provided the same ratings for a memory from their confirmation day, when they were at about age 14. The frequencies
of involuntary and voluntary retrieval were similar. Both frequencies were predicted by emotional intensity and centrality
to the life story. The results from the present study—which is the first to measure the frequency of voluntary and involuntary
retrieval for the same events— are counter to both cognitive and clinical theories, which consistently claim that involuntary
memories are infrequent as compared with voluntary memories. Age and gender differences are noted. 相似文献
130.
G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social,behavioral, and biomedical sciences 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
G*Power (Erdfelder, Faul, & Buchner, 1996) was designed as a general stand-alone power analysis program for statistical tests
commonly used in social and behavioral research. G*Power 3 is a major extension of, and improvement over, the previous versions.
It runs on widely used computer platforms (i.e., Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Mac OS X 10.4) and covers many different statistical
tests of thet, F, and χ2 test families. In addition, it includes power analyses forz tests and some exact tests. G*Power 3 provides improved effect size calculators and graphic options, supports both distribution-based
and design-based input modes, and offers all types of power analyses in which users might be interested. Like its predecessors,
G*Power 3 is free. 相似文献