教师职业活动幸福感的调查研究

针对教师职业活动幸福感的主题编制问卷,前后共对912名中小学教师施测.经探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析表明,自编的教师职业活动幸福感问卷,信效度达到心理测量学要求.本研究对象的教师,其职业活动幸福感处于中等偏上水平,不存在性别、学历、职称和学科的差异,但与班主任工作、行政职务和学校性质显著相关.     

服务提供者交际活动与顾客忠诚:消费情绪的中介作用

为探讨消费情绪在服务提供者交际活动与顾客忠诚之间的中介作用.采用服务提供者交际活动量表、顾客忠诚量表和消费情绪量表对624名被试进行调查.结构方程模型分析表明,积极情绪能够部分中介服务提供者交际活动对个人忠诚的影响,并能够完全中介服务提供者交际活动对组织忠诚的影响;消极情绪在服务提供者交际活动与顾客忠诚之间的中介作用不显著;顾客对服务提供者的个人忠诚能够完全中介服务提供者交际活动对组织忠诚的影响.     

大学生专业匹配性与学业成绩相关研究

采用自编大学生专业匹配性问卷对五个专业552名大学生进行调查,结果表明:(1)各个专业需要各自不同的学习方式.进入大学之后的学习都带有很强的专业性,因而各个专业都需要与专业特点相一致的独特的学习方式.(2)大学生的专业匹配性与学业成绩呈显著的正相关.本研究给高中生填报高考志愿提供了较为准确的心理学依据,能够促进在校大学生的学习,并为高校教学和管理提供可资借鉴的措施.     

What Constitutes a Good Life? Cultural Differences in the Role of Positive and Negative Affect in Subjective Well‐Being

ABSTRACT East Asians and Asian Americans report lower levels of subjective well-being than Europeans and European Americans. Three studies found support for the hypothesis that such differences may be due to the psychological meanings Eastern and Western cultures attach to positive and negative affect. Study 1 demonstrated that the desire to repeat a recent vacation was significantly predicted by recalled positive affect—but not recalled negative affect—for European Americans, whereas Asian Americans considered both positive and negative affect. Study 2 replicated this effect in judging satisfaction with a personal friendship. Study 3 linked changes in European Americans' life satisfaction to everyday positive events caused by the self (vs. others) and changes in Japanese life satisfaction to everyday negative events caused by others (vs. the self). Positive affect appears particularly meaningful for European Americans and negative affect for Asian Americans and Japanese when judging a satisfying vacation, friendship, or life.     

Understanding students' motivation in project work: A 2×2 achievement goal approach

Background The project work (PW) initiative was launched in 2000 by the Ministry of Education, Singapore, to encourage application of knowledge across disciplines, and to develop thinking, communication, collaboration, and metacognitive skills. Although PW has been introduced for a few years, few studies have examined the motivation of students in PW, especially with the use of the recently proposed 2 × 2 achievement goal framework. Aim To use a cluster analytic approach to identify students' achievement goal profiles at an intra‐individual level, and to examine their links to various psychological characteristics and perceived outcomes in PW. Sample Participants were 491 Secondary 2 students (mean age=13.78, SD = 0.77) from two government coeducational schools. Method Cluster analysis was performed to identify distinct subgroups of students with similar achievement goal profiles. One‐way MANOVAs, followed by post hoc Tukey HSD tests for pairwise comparisons were used to determine whether there was any significant difference amongst clusters in terms of the psychological characteristics and perceived outcomes in PW. Results Four distinct clusters of students were identified. The cluster with high achievement goals and the cluster with moderately high goals had the most positive psychological characteristics and perceived outcomes. In contrast, the cluster with very low scores for all four achievement goals had the most maladaptive profile. Conclusio The study provides support for the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework, and demonstrates that multiple goals can operate simultaneously. However, it highlights the need for cross‐cultural studies to look into the approach–avoidance dimension in the 2 × 2 achievement goal framework.     

Output order in immediate serial recall

In two experiments, we examined the effect of output order in immediate serial recall (ISR). In Experiment 1, three groups of participants saw lists of eight words and wrote down the words in the rows corresponding to their serial positions in an eight-row response grid. One group was precued to respond in forward order, a second group was precued to respond in any order, and a third group was postcued for response order. There were significant effects of output order, but not of cue type. Relative to the forward output order, the free output order led to enhanced recency and diminished primacy, with superior performance for words output early in recall. These results were replicated in Experiment 2 using six-item lists, which further suggests that output order plays an important role in the primacy effect in ISR and that the recency items are most highly accessible at recall.