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11.
Abstract The dependence of the normal-state resistivity, resistive superconducting transition (T c, ΔT c), and of the upper critical-field slope (dH c2/dT|T=Tc) on density has been investigated for several YBa2Cu3O9-x(x?2.1) samples. The resistivity decreases rapidly with increasing density, whereas T c and ΔT c are rather insensitive to a change in density. dH c2/dT|Tc depends sensitively on the preparation conditions. The implications of these results both for the evaluation of the parameters relevant to the understanding of the nature of superconductivity and for the technological applications of granular superconductors are briefly discussed. 相似文献
12.
Provability logic is a modal logic for studying properties of provability predicates, and Interpretability logic for studying interpretability between logical theories. Their natural models are GL-models and Veltman models, for which the accessibility relation is well-founded. That’s why the usual counterexample showing the necessity of finite image property in Hennessy-Milner theorem (see [1]) doesn’t exist for them. However, we show that the analogous condition must still hold, by constructing two GL-models with worlds in them that are modally equivalent but not bisimilar, and showing how these GL-models can be converted to Veltman models with the same properties. In the process we develop some useful constructions: games on Veltman models, chains, and general method of transformation from GL-models/frames to Veltman ones. 相似文献
13.
Igor Riečanský Livia Tomova Stanislav Katina Herbert Bauer Florian Ph.S. Fischmeister Claus Lamm 《Brain and cognition》2013
Rotation of a visual image in mind is associated with a slow posterior negative deflection of the event-related potential (ERP), termed rotation-related negativity (RRN). Retention of a visual image in short-term memory is also associated with a slow posterior negative ERP, termed negative slow wave (NSW). We tested whether short-term memory retention, indexed by the NSW, contributes to the RRN. ERPs were recorded in the same subjects in two tasks, a mental rotation task, eliciting the RRN, and a visual short-term memory task, eliciting the NSW. Over both right and left parietal scalp, no association was found between the NSW and the RRN amplitudes. Furthermore, adjusting for the effect of the NSW had no influence on a significant association between the RRN amplitude and response time, an index of mental rotation performance. Our data indicate that the RRN reflects manipulation of a visual image but not its retention in short-term memory. 相似文献
14.
Abstract The exact solution of the q-state Potts bridge model with competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions is obtained and corresponding regular and critical behaviour studied. 相似文献
15.
16.
Objective
Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) enables monitoring of blood flow velocities (BFVs) in basal cerebral arteries during different cognitive tasks performance with great temporal resolution. So far, BFVs changes during mental activity were monitored primarily in middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) and little is known about these changes in anterior cerebral arteries (ACAs).Aim
To determine the effect of different cognitive tasks performance on BFV changes and hemispheric dominance in ACAs and to assess the most suitable activation test for monitoring of BFV changes in ACAs.Methods
Fourteen right-handed, healthy subjects aged 20–26 were included in the study. BFVs in both ACAs were recorded simultaneously during performance of cognitive tasks designed to activate frontal lobes: phonemic verbal fluency test (pVFT), Stroop tests and Trail Making Tests (TMTs).Results
A statistically significant BFV increase was recorded in both ACAs during performance of all cognitive tasks. Statistically significant right ACA dominance was found during performance of pVFT and TMTB. The most significant BFV increase was obtained during performance of TMTB.Conclusion
Our result addressed cognitive tests with great activation potential for monitoring of ACAs that might be used in distinguishing of healthy individuals and patients with neurovascular or neurodegenerative diseases. 相似文献17.
We construct a faithful interpretation of ukasiewicz's logic in product logic (both propositional and predicate). Using known facts it follows that the product predicate logic is not recursively axiomatizable.We prove a completeness theorem for product logic extended by a unary connective of Baaz [1]. We show that Gödel's logic is a sublogic of this extended product logic.We also prove NP-completeness of the set of propositional formulas satisfiable in product logic (resp. in Gödel's logic). 相似文献
18.
Z. Bujas Silvija Szabo Mirjana Kovačić Am Rohaček 《Attention, perception & psychophysics》1974,15(2):210-214
In spite of a clear increment in absolute thresholds as an effect of self-adaptation, the electrically provoked taste sensation does not show a reduction in subjective intensity during the protracted stimulation time. Chemical cross-adaptation effects on the threshold and suprathreshold levels of electrical taste are observed only when the adapting solutions are electrolytes regardless of their taste qualities. It seems that the stability of perceived intensity during current flow is principally due to some irritation of the sensitive tissue of the tongue, whereas cross-adaptation effects may be attributed to the potential changes across the excitable membranes caused by electrical properties of adapting electrolytic solutions. 相似文献
19.
Arnout Koornneef Jakub Dotlačil Paul van den Broek Ted Sanders 《Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)》2016,69(3):455-481
In three eye-tracking experiments the influence of the Dutch causal connective “want” (because) and the working memory capacity of readers on the usage of verb-based implicit causality was examined. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that although a causal connective is not required to activate implicit causality information during reading, effects of implicit causality surfaced more rapidly and were more pronounced when a connective was present in the discourse than when it was absent. In addition, Experiment 3 revealed that—in contrast to previous claims—the activation of implicit causality is not a resource-consuming mental operation. Moreover, readers with higher and lower working memory capacities behaved differently in a dual-task situation. Higher span readers were more likely to use implicit causality when they had all their working memory resources at their disposal. Lower span readers showed the opposite pattern as they were more likely to use the implicit causality cue in the case of an additional working memory load. The results emphasize that both linguistic and cognitive factors mediate the impact of implicit causality on text comprehension. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of the ongoing controversies in the literature—that is, the focusing-integration debate and the debates on the source of implicit causality. 相似文献
20.
Ana V. Nikčević Gabriele Caselli Deborah Green Marcantonio M. Spada 《Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy》2014,32(4):248-256
Both perceived stress and negative recurrent thinking (rumination and worry) have been associated with depressive symptoms. However, no research to date has investigated the association between perceived stress and negative recurrent thinking. In the present study we aimed to explore whether perceived stress and negative recurrent thinking are associated and whether negative recurrent thinking moderates the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms. A convenience sample of 273 undergraduate students completed the Perceived Stress Scale, the Ruminative Responses Scale-10, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale 2 weeks prior to sitting mid-year examinations. Correlation analyses showed that perceived stress, rumination and worry were positively and significantly associated with depressive symptoms and that perceived stress was positively and significantly associated with rumination and worry. A moderation analysis confirmed that negative recurrent thinking moderated the relationship between perceived stress and depressive symptoms. The implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献