Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with negatively variable impacts on domains of sleep disturbances: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleep disturbances are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the features of sleep disturbances are not well understood. The aim of this study was to identify the impact of SLE on specific sleep quality domains and to determine its prevalence and associations. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the sleep outcomes of individuals with SLE and healthy controls. PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science CNKI, VIP, CNKI and Wanfang database were searched to find the published literatures (from these databases established to May 2017). Studies were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and the qualities of included studies were evaluated. The data was analyzed using Revman5.3 software. Score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scoring system was used as the outcome measurement, and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Five studies were included, including 350 SLE and 1396 healthy controls. A total of 5 studies including 827 patients were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. In this meta-analysis, each domain of the PSQI score: subjective sleep quality (MD, .58; 95% CI, .26, .89), sleep latency(MD, .47; 95% CI, .21, .73), sleep duration (MD, .36; 95% CI, .13, .58), habitual sleep efficiency (MD, .58; 95% CI, .32, .84),sleep disorders (MD, .56; 95% CI, .34, .77), use of sleep medication (MD, .56; 95% CI, .33, .80), daytime dysfunction (MD, .57; 95% CI, .11, 1.04) and the global score (MD, 3.59; 95% CI, 1.37, 5.80) were higher in SLE women than healthy controls. Furthermore, subjective sleep quality and habitual sleep efficiency were most severely affected especially. It demonstrated that targeted interventions should be done to improve their sleep quality. Early recognition and appropriate intervention are essential to reduce the negative impact of sleep disturbances on the patient’s sleep quality and outcome of their disease.     

关于高级内隐认知研究方法的一点浅见

本文对加工分离程序应用于高级内隐认知加工的可能性作了论证,并以内隐学习研究为例,进行了实验检验,证明其切实可行.     

再探外显学习指导语的作用

本研究采用加工分离程序,对外显学习指导语的作用重新加以探讨.结果发现在外显学习指导语条件下,被试的作业成绩虽然较差,但并非由于外显指导语干扰了被试对规则的掌握.事实上,外显指导语促进了被试对规则的掌握.以往有关研究之所以出现不一致的结果,是由于它们采用任务分离范式,未能有效分离外显与内隐加工,以及记忆等因素的影响.     

外资企业跨文化适应模式分析：结构方程建模

在总结国内外有关文献的基础上,编制了跨文化适应问卷,并运用此问卷调查了外资企业的314名高中层管理者,采用探索性、验证性因素分析和结构方程建模技术探讨跨文化适应的结构维度和适应模式。结果表明决策价值前提、人力资源利用、管理规范化构成了跨文化适应的管理决策维度;中外经理沟通、直接上下级关系、中高层团队合作构成跨文化适应的人际合作适应维度。跨文化适应与企业的经营绩效有十分密切的关系。     

Learning of lists of properties related to familiar objects

Four groups of Ss simultaneously learn six-word lists that indicate common objects' properties. Words of each list may either all correspond to the same object (highest homogeneity level), or, inversely, correspond to six different objects (highest heterogeneity level), with two intermediate situations in between.The homogeneity of lists has a main effect upon learning. It is hypothesized that the object corresponding to the words of a list is used, when it is detected, as a federator for this words, and thus facilitates their recall. It is concluded there is a certain similarity between word lists corresponding to several properties of an object and taxonomic lists.     

Origin of the speech apparatus and its reconstruction in fossils.

Renewed enthusiasm has produced provocative speculations in recent literature on the origin of speech. The purpose of the present investigation is to expose the adaptive renovations underlying the emergence of a “Vocal Tract” and from this to define its anatomical substrate which governs the biomechanics of speech production. The vocal tract is a double resonator tube coupled in series and composed of oral and pharyngeal cavities. Analysis is made of the crucial structural elements of this complex from detailed dissections in modern man and the study of modern and fossil hominid crania. The study focuses on relations of the skull base, jaw, hyoid bone and the contained tongue, pharynx and valvular devices, calling into question recent reconstructions built on classical Neanderthal skulls.     

Personality traits of a group of young adults from different family structures.

The impact of parental divorce and remarriage and young adults' gender on second-order personality traits, such as extraversion, anxiety, tough poise and independence, was examined. The responses of 227 young adults on the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF; Cattell, Eber, & Tatsuoka, 1970) were subjected to a parametric multivariate analysis of variance. Results revealed significant differences between the anxiety scores of the young men and women as well as between those of the three different family-structure groups, but divorce and remarriage was not associated with either positive or negative personality development in this sample.     

血吸虫逃避补体杀伤的机制研究

寄生虫免疫逃避的机理非常复杂,且随着虫种,生活史阶段的不同而不同。传统的对寄生虫免疫逃避的解释的有抗原变异,抗原伪装等等,现在的研究认为,一些补体调节因子,如ＣＤ５５ＣＤ５９等可能在血吸虫童虫逃避补体杀伤中起重要作用。     

Gender and Sexual Risk

Two hypotheses are evaluated in thisinvestigation of gender differences in the attitudinaland behavioral correlates of sexual risk. Thedifference in magnitude hypothesispredicts that the same factors are implicated for women and men butdifferences occur in the strength of correlates.Alternatively, women may engage in sexual risk fordifferent reasons than do men, leading to adifference in pattern hypothesis. We compared these possibilitieswith a sample of 576 primarily White, middle-class,never-married college students, most of whom werebetween 17 and 25 years of age. Analyses of loveattitudes, risk perception, sensation seeking, and riskbehaviors in other domains in relation to sexual riskbehavior showed some gender similarities as well asdifferences. Findings were more consistent with the difference in pattern hypothesis than with thedifference in magnitude hypothesis.