有病切勿求神拜佛乱投医

众所周知,要治好病,得找医生,得靠“对症下药”。但是,在农村,尤其是文化落后的偏远山村,得了病,有些人首先想到的不是去医院,而是去求     

Adult oligophrenia in the large psychiatric hospital

Adult patients with mental retardation are a large group in big psychiatric hospitals. In the last years they were not enough heeded in regard of social psychiatric efforts and rehabilitation. The study shows the problems of misplacement for a big part of that group as in-patients in psychiatric hospitals, points out the necessary integration and continuous social and rehabilitative-pedagogical care. The analysis is based upon some point prevalence studies in the psychiatric hospital BFKH Rodewisch. Finally there are given statements about the future organization of process of caring for adult patients with mental retardation.     

肿瘤治疗模式的哲学思考

外科手术往往是肿瘤治疗的首选方法,对于不能手术或已丧失手术机会者才考虑放疗,化疗。近年来,出现了诱导分化和凋亡等治疗手段,且在某些肿瘤的治疗上已取得了可喜的效果,这点新概念,新手术的出现,使得以往的肿瘤治疗模式受到了冲击,从以人为本,预防为主的哲学思想出发,我们似科可以提出这样的肿瘤治疗模式,诱导分化→启动凋亡→手术,放疗,化疗。     

Compromised item detection: A Bayesian change-point perspective

Psychometric methods for accurate and timely detection of item compromise have been a long-standing topic. While Bayesian methods can incorporate prior knowledge or expert inputs as additional information for item compromise detection, they have not been employed in item compromise detection itself. The current study proposes a two-phase Bayesian change-point framework for both stationary and real-time detection of changes in each item's compromise status. In Phase I, a stationary Bayesian change-point model for compromise detection is fitted to the observed responses over a specified time-frame. The model produces parameter estimates for the change-point of each item from uncompromised to compromised, as well as structural parameters accounting for the post-change response distribution. Using the post-change model identified in Phase I, the Shiryaev procedure for sequential testing is employed in Phase II for real-time monitoring of item compromise. The proposed methods are evaluated in terms of parameter recovery, detection accuracy, and detection efficiency under various simulation conditions and in a real data example. The proposed method also showed superior detection accuracy and efficiency compared to the cumulative sum procedure.     

The Cost of Being Christian: The Association between Christian Affiliation and Discrimination Experiences among Asians in the United States

Whether religion contributes to or mitigates social inequality is ongoing. This study provides new evidence by examining the association between Christian affiliation and Asian citizens’ discrimination experiences. Using data from the National Asian American Survey and employing the Inverse Probability Treatment Weighting approach, this study finds that having a Christian affiliation is significantly associated with more interpersonal discrimination experienced by Asians in the United States. Strengthened ethnic identity and intraracial contact largely explain the association. Results from several robustness tests confirm this finding. There is a cost of being Christian for Asians in the United States.     

No Place for Private Practice

Topoi - Wittgenstein harshly criticized what he considered “mythologies” infecting our understanding of how mathematics work. He was especially reluctant to the idea that they describe...     

小鼠的记忆与脑内突触结构参数变化的相关性

比较不同月龄小鼠学习记忆力与脑内突触结构参数变化的相关性。选用１月龄和６月龄小鼠,用Ｙ－迷宫检测分辨学习能力,用一次性被动回避反应检测记忆力。然后杀鼠取脑,进行超微结构观察和定量分析测定。结果表明：（１）１月龄小鼠的分辨学习能力优于６月龄小鼠,记忆力也有优于６月龄小鼠的趋势。（２）无论在海马或大脑皮层体区,有两种结构参数有一致性增龄变化,即６月龄小鼠突触界面曲率都比１月龄小鼠显著和极显著增大;而６月龄小鼠上述两脑区的突触后致密物质厚度都极显著地小于１月龄小鼠。实验结果提示,脑内突触界面结构的增龄性变化可能是学习记忆力增龄性变化的结构基础。     

Human Dignity as an Existentiale? On Paul Ricoeur’s Phenomenology of Human Dignity

Human Studies - Apart from being a pervasive concept of present-day law, human dignity is a phenomenon regularly experienced by people in their lives. Yet before any protection for it can be...     

CLARION模型：内隐与外显技能学习的整合

CLARION是一个与其它认知理论明显不同的计算认知模型,它可用来研究内隐和外显学习交互作用的各种定量数据。通过对经典内隐学习任务（如系列反应时任务、加工控制任务及其他高级认知加工任务）的模拟实验,在与人类实验数据的拟合上,CLARION展示出比以往认知模型更好的性能。它主要有两个特征：一是对内隐学习和外显学习的整合,二是对自下而上加工的强调。近几年,CLARION模型在理论和实践上都有较大进展。文章简要评述了CLARION模型,并围绕此模型介绍了学界有关内隐和外显加工交互作用的探索     

测评中的共同方法偏差

共同方法变异是指由于测量方法而非所测构想造成的变异。共同方法变异会对测评和测评间的相关产生严重影响,甚至会使研究导致错误结论。本文介绍了学界对共同方法偏差的研究,内容包括：(1)共同方法偏差在多大程度上和以何种方式影响测评研究结果;(2)共同方法偏差的潜在来源及其程序控制。