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881.
Svenja Göbbels Prof. Tony Ward PhD Dr. Gwenda M. Willis 《Forensische Psychiatrie, Psychologie, Kriminologie》2013,7(2):122-132
The rehabilitation of offenders in English-speaking countries is primarily guided by a risk management framework (the risk-need-responsivity principles: RNR model), which aims at reducing the possibility of harm to the community rather than improving offenders’ quality of life. In the last decade Tony Ward and his colleagues have developed the good lives model of offender rehabilitation (GLM) as an alternative to the RNR model. The GLM incorporates the RNR principles of risk, need and responsivity into its theoretical structure while aiming to provide a more constructive and comprehensive approach to correctional practice. More specifically, it aims to both reduce risk while enhancing the quality of offenders’ lives. The present article aims at outlining the general, etiological assumptions and practice implications of the GLM. In addition, its strengths and limitations and evidence base are reported. These illustrations highlight the usefulness of the GLM for the treatment of offenders and sex offenders in particular. 相似文献
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Dr. Friedrich Wolff 《Psychological research》1954,24(6):557-565
Zusammenfassung Es werden einige Versuche mitgeteilt, die anzeigen, daß Farbenharmonien dann auftreten, wenn die Größen der gefärbten Flächenstücke so gewählt werden, daß die sog. Helligkeitsäquivalente im Verhältnis 11 stehen. 相似文献
885.
Vaughn E. Stimbert James R. Frazier Harold R. Keller F. J. King 《Journal of School Psychology》1968,6(4):246-249
The effect of three reinforcement conditions was determined with respect to the learning and retention of a commercially available program purporting to teach simple nouns. The addition of candy reward to a novel method of presenting knowledge of results produced no change in performance when given on a continuous schedule, but reduced rate of responding when given on a partial schedule, i.e., only terninal frames. 相似文献
886.
An n-dimensional Weber Law and the Corresponding Fechner Law 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Drösler J 《Journal of mathematical psychology》2000,44(2):330-335
Weber's law of 1834, DeltaS/S=c for the just noticeable difference (jnd), can be written as S+DeltaS=kS, k=1+c. It follows that the stimulus decrement required to elicit one jnd of sensation is S-DeltaS*=k(-1)S. If generalized for two stimulus dimensions and two corresponding response dimensions, Weber's law would have to state such equations for all directions of change in the plane. A two-dimensional Weber law with exactly these properties is realized by [S(x)+DeltaS(x)(straight theta), S(y)+DeltaS(y)(straight theta)]=[k(sin(straight theta))S(x), k(cos(straight theta))S(y)] which determines the stimulus coordinates for all stimuli just noticeably different from the stimulus (S(x), S(y)) in all directions 0=straight theta=2pi. Fechner's problem now is understood as finding a transformation of the plane which maps the set of stimuli one jnd apart from the standard stimulus onto a unit circle around the standard stimulus' image. This transformation (R(2)(+)-->R(2)) is [x, y]mapsto[log(k)(x), log(k)(y)]. The solution is generalized to arbitrarily many dimensions by substituting the sin and cos in the generalized Weber law by the standard coordinates of a unit vector. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. 相似文献
887.
Two patients with pure alexia were studied with tachistoscopically presented stimuli to examine factors influencing their ability to distinguish words from nonwords and to derive semantic information at exposures too brief for explicit letter identification. Both patients had profound right hemianopia and computerized tomography (CT) evidence of splenial destruction. Both patients were successful in making word/nonword decisions for high-frequency, but not low-frequency, words. They could judge semantic class membership reliably for such common categories as animals and vegetables, but not for arbitrarily selected categories, such as office-related items. Judgments about the gender of people's names and place versus person name distinctions were made with high reliability. Results are interpreted as evidence for limited word recognition and semantic-processing capacity in the right hemisphere. 相似文献
888.
Stegemann-Boehl S 《Science and engineering ethics》2000,6(1):57-62
In the past, only norms and rules developed for other types of illegal activities could be applied to misconduct in science
in Germany. But only particularly blatant cases of misconduct can be dealt with efficiently in this way. Nowadays, a couple
of very important funding agencies and research institutions have enacted special procedures that apply in cases of suspected
scientific misconduct. A strongly decentralised system of dealing with misconduct in science is being established in Germany.
An earlier version of this paper was presented at a symposium, Scientific Misconduct. An International Perspective, organised by The Medical University of Warsaw, 16 November, 1998. 相似文献
889.
Schneider C 《Science and engineering ethics》2000,6(1):49-56
After summarising three recent case histories of alleged scientific misconduct in Germany, the efforts of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Council) and the Hochschulrektorenkonferenz (German Rectors' Conference) to promote academic and procedural safeguards in favour of professional self-regulation in science and scholarship are described in outline. 相似文献
890.