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排序方式: 共有199条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
151.
Graham Danzer Sarah M. Rieger Sarah Schubmehl Doug Cort 《Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma》2016,25(4):351-370
This article reviews and synthesizes literature on the historical trauma of African Americans with an emphasis on how White psychologists can integrate awareness of historical trauma into clinical practice. Research supports that African Americans are affected by White racism in ways that parallel the effects of other interpersonal traumas. How African Americans are affected by racism depends on the individual, although the effects on the individual also occur within a shared cultural context. In addition to negative impacts, the literature also identifies African Americans’ core strengths and coping strategies that have a similarly historical basis. These strengths and coping strategies are discussed in their implications for White psychologists’ role in African Americans’ trauma recovery process. 相似文献
152.
Corsi's Block-tapping Test has been a clinically useful test of visuospatial memory. Participants (15 men, 15 women) completed an automated and a manual version of the Block-tapping Test, the findings for which suggest that the automated and manual versions gave very similar scores. 相似文献
153.
Neural control of behavior: countermanding eye movements 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Understanding the self-control of action entails knowledge about how actions are initiated, how planned actions are canceled
and how the consequences of actions are registered. We have investigated neural correlates of these processes using the countermanding
paradigm – a task that required subjects to occasionally cancel a planned speeded response, and an analysis that provides
an estimate of the time needed to cancel a planned movement. By monitoring the activity of single neurons in the frontal cortex
of macaque monkeys performing this task we have distinguished signals responding to the visual stimuli, other signals that
control the production of movements, and still other signals that seem to monitor behavior.
Received: 31 March 1999 / Accepted: 23 July 1999 相似文献
154.
Julia Golier Rachel Yehuda Barbara Cornblatt Philip Harvey Doug Gerber Robert Levengood 《Integrative psychological & behavioral science》1997,32(1):52-61
There is substantial evidence that PTSD patients have information processing abnormalities for stimuli that are highly relevant
to the traumas they have endured. The goal of the present study was to examine whether this extends to neutral stimuli as
well. Twenty-four male Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD were compared to fifteen normal male comparison subjects on their
performance on a sensitive measure of sustained attention, the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs version (CPT-IP).
PTSD subjects did not differ from controls in their ability to discriminate target stimuli from background noise on the CPT.
Additionally they performed as well as controls, even in the presence of external distraction. Thus, this study did not find
a generalized deficit in attention associated with PTSD on the CPT-IP. Nevertheless, further clarification of the nature of
the information processing disturbance in PTSD is warranted. 相似文献
155.
Doug Savage 《Australian psychologist》1984,19(2):163-177
The aim of this paper is to present a practical model for investigating cognitive impairment which integrates the experimental-cogaitive-information processing-theory and the psychometric-intellectual-abilities-tradition in psychology to understanding cognitive functioning. It reviews developments in cognitive theory in terms of Processes, complex and simple, such as Intelligence and Information Processing, and Factors of attained Level and Learning ability in the Verbal and Performance modalities. The Savage Cognitive Impairment Model (SCIM) is outlined and types of cognitive impairment defined. Measures of cognitive impairment relevant to clinical practice and research are presented. 相似文献
156.
157.
Yarczower M Gollub LR Dickson JF 《Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior》1969,12(4):561-563
Pigeons were trained under a schedule in which reinforcement was made available at varying periods of time after a prior reinforcement. The first key peck after a reinforcer was available began a timer and a second key peck, which exceeded a specified minimal time interval, produced the reinforcer. It was shown that a contingency which contains a minimal interresponse time does not necessarily weaken stimulus control by an exteroceptive stimulus. 相似文献
158.
Robert D. Hess Keiko Kashiwagi Hiroshi Azuma Gary G. Price W. Patrick Dickson 《International journal of psychology》1980,15(1-4):259-271
Maternal expectations about development help organize parental behavior by providing internal referents against which a child's growth and behavior are evaluated, thus identifying occasions for intervention by the adult. Fifty-eight mothers from Japan and 67 mothers from the United States were interviewed about the ages at which they expected their four-year-old children to acquire a number of specific developmental skills. There were no differences between the two groups of mothers in mean age of mastery expectation across all 38 items but Japanese mothers expected early mastery on skills that indicated emotional maturity, self-control, and social courtesy. Mothers in the U.S. expected mastery at an earlier age on items indicating verbal assertiveness and social skills with peers. Maternal expectations were found to correlate with children's performance on tests of school aptitude when the children were six years of age. 相似文献
159.
Paul R. Gorecki Andrew L. Dickson Barry A. Ritzler 《Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment》1981,3(2):85-91
This study examined the relationship among the College Self-Expression Scale (CSES), the Dominance Scale of the California Psychological Inventory (Do), role-play assessment, and peer ratings of assertion. Peer ratings served as the criterion measure. Fifty-three members of a college sorority completed the CSES and the Do Scale, role played eight scenes requiring an assertive response, and rated each other on a five-point scale of assertion. Peer ratings were significantly correlated with the Do Scale and the CSES. A significant correlation was also obtained between the CSES and the Do. Role-play ratings were not significantly related to any measure. Results are discussed in terms of convergent and concurrent validity for the Do and CSES as measures of assertion. A precautionary note is presented regarding the use of role-play assessment for measuring assertion and as a behavioral validation procedure. 相似文献
160.
Posture and gaze in early mother–infant communication: synchronization of developmental trajectories
Alan Fogel Daniel S. Messinger K. Laurie Dickson Hui-chin Hsu 《Developmental science》1999,2(3):325-332
Weekly laboratory observations of free play for 13 middle-income mother–infant dyads, from 1 to 6 months of age, were used to study the synchronization of developmental trajectories between infant postural position and gaze direction. Mothers sat in a straight-backed chair while holding infants on their laps and were free to adjust the infant’s posture. Postural position was coded as upright (supported sitting or standing on the mother’s lap) or other (lying, cradling, or being held close to mother). Gaze was coded as either at mother’s face or away. The age of onset of visually guided reaching was also assessed. Results show that there were longer durations of gazing away when the infant was in an upright position. Over the 5 month period of observation, the dyads began with a pattern of non-upright positions accompanied by gaze at mother. Contrary to previous predictions, the developmental shift in the first 6 months from exclusive gazing at mother’s face to gazing away from mother was not synchronized with the development of reaching, but rather with changes in the infant’s posture to more upright positions. The possible role of postural position in fostering positive emotional communication is discussed. 相似文献