品牌不安全感的危害机制与化解策略

品牌不安全感是指消费者对某品牌存在潜在或现实威胁的主观感知和担忧。以往文献中, 与品牌不安全感有关的研究主要隐含在两个领域：一是以产品伤害危机为中心的品牌心智变化研究; 二是以企业伦理责任为中心的品牌心智变化研究。但这两个领域都尚未揭示消费者品牌不安全感的实质、心理表征、危害机制和预警功能等。品牌不安全感是消费者回避或拒绝某品牌的心理根源之一。因此基于产品伤害事件频发的事实和品牌心智理论, 有必要对品牌不安全感作系统研究, 具体探索品牌不安全感的本质内涵、导致品牌不安全感的威胁源、品牌不安全感的心理表征、危害机制、预防和化解策略、以及品牌心理安全管理理论等问题。     

Prefer feeling bad? Subcultural differences in emotional preferences between Han Chinese and Mongolian Chinese

As a multi‐ethnic country that is comprised of diverse cultural systems, there has been little research on the subcultural differences in emotional preferences in China. Also, little attention has been paid to examine how explicit and implicit attitudes towards emotions influence emotional preferences interactively. In this study, we manipulated explicit attitudes towards emotions among Han (N = 62) and Mongolian Chinese individuals (N = 70). We assessed participants' implicit attitudes towards emotions to explore their contributions to emotional preferences. (a) Han Chinese had lower preferences for pleasant emotions than Mongolian Chinese after inducing contra‐hedonic attitudes towards emotions, and (b) after priming contra‐hedonic attitudes towards emotions, the more Han Chinese participants evaluated pleasant emotions as negative implicitly, the less they preferred to engage in pleasant emotional activities. These findings contribute to the growing literature of subcultural differences and demonstrate that explicit and implicit attitudes towards emotions interactively influence individuals' emotional preferences between different subculture groups.     

公正世界信念与大学生社会责任感的关系:人际信任的解释作用及其性别差异

社会责任感是大学生学业成就和幸福生活等积极心理与行为的有效预测指标,考察社会责任感的影响因素及其作用机制有助于大学生社会责任感的培养与提升。为此,本研究以6所高校852名大学生为被试,考察了公正世界信念与大学生社会责任感之间的关系,以及人际信任对二者关系的中介作用及其性别差异。结果发现：（1）公正世界信念可以显著正向预测大学生的社会责任感;（2）人际信任在公正世界信念与大学生社会责任感之间发挥着部分中介作用,但是主要表现在男大学生群体中,而女大学生中未发现该效应。这说明,公正世界信念可以显著预测大学生社会责任感,并且在男大学生中人际信任是二者关系的中介桥梁。     

Associations of depression,anxiety and PTSD with neurological disability and cognitive impairment in survivors of moyamoya disease

Depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are common complications of cerebrovascular diseases. However, they were seldom explored in Moyamoya Disease (MMD) survivors. In this study, we measured the prevalence of depression, anxiety and PTSD in MMD survivors. We evaluated the association of mental disorders with neurological disability and cognitive impairment, and further find out the independent protective and risk factors of neurological disability and cognitive impairment. In MMD survivors, the prevalence of these three mental disorders is high, 46.7% for depression, 50% for anxiety and 47.5% for PTSD. Anxiety and PTSD were significantly associated with more severe neurological disability (p = 0.039 and < 0.001); depression and anxiety were significantly associated with greater cognitive deficiency (p = 0.004 and 0.002). We further found PTSD was the only risk factor associated with neurological disability, and the corresponding odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 81.74 (9.91–674.17); depression and anxiety were risk factors associated with cognitive impairment, and the corresponding OR and 95%CI were 2.73 (1.10–6.81) and 3.37 (1.29–8.78). Therefore, these three mental disorders were associated with more severe neurological disability and greater cognitive deficiency in MMD survivors.     

Effect of Heel Heights on Female Postural Control During Standing on a Dynamic Support Surface With Sinusoidal Oscillations

The authors aimed to investigate female balance or stability control with comparative analysis of the center of pressure trajectory and plantar pressure distribution with different high-heeled shoes while standing on a dynamic surface with multidirectional perturbations. College females with at least 2 years' history of wearing high-heel shoes voluntarily participated in the test with a Novel Pedar insole (Novel, GmBH, Munich, Germany. With heels height increasing, the pressure time integral obviously transfer to the medial forefoot region, with center of pressure trajectory medially deviated significantly, either under anteroposterior or mediolateral perturbations. The passive plantarflexion position of ankle incurred by high heel increased the range of motion in the frontal plane but decreased ankle stability, thus increasing the challenge of body balance maintenance.     

The Impact of Culture on Loss Aversion

Based on the literature on the relationship between culture, emotion, and loss aversion, we derive that culture can influence the degree of loss aversion. To test our hypotheses, we conduct a standardized survey in 53 countries worldwide that includes the questions from the Hofstede survey on cultural dimensions as well as lottery questions on loss aversion. The results show that individualism, power distance, and masculinity increase loss aversion as predicted, whereas the impact of uncertainty avoidance is less significant. Moreover, we also find a relation between the distribution of major religions in a country and loss aversion. In comparison, the connection of loss aversion to macroeconomic variables seems to be much smaller. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

听障学生唇读语音识别视听通道效应的实验研究

本研究采用3×3两因素被试内实验设计,探讨了配戴助听器听觉障碍学生唇读汉字语音识别中视听通道效应和音素可见性的影响.结果表明,视听条件与音素可见性之交互作用不显著,语音识别过程存在视听通道效应;音素可见性在语音识别过程中作用明显.     

教师工作倦怠的调查研究

采用工作倦怠问卷(BM)对429名教师进行调查,初步探寻BM问卷的评价标准,考察不同层次学校教师的工作倦怠检出率,结果发现:⑴ BM问卷三因素的临界值分别为:耗竭分数＞34,士气消沉分数＞30,动机丧失分数＞18;⑵教师的工作倦怠检出率以轻度倦怠为主,小学教师具有高的耗竭(35.6%)和士气消沉检出率(37%),高中教师具有高的耗竭检出率(35.4%),大学教师具有高的动机丧失检出率(34.9%),而初中教师相对较低;⑶教师的工作倦怠依据程度的差异可以划分为零倦怠、轻度倦怠、中度倦怠和高度倦怠四种水平.     

陕西地区初中生心理健康素质特点调查

对陕西地区1299名城乡初中生进行分层整体取样调查,结果表明：（1）初中生心理健康素质在人际素质、动力系统、自我和归因风格方面城乡差异显著;（2）在适应、人际素质、动力系统、自我和归因风格方面初二得分高于初一和初三,年级差异显著;（3）在动力系统和归因风格方面女生得分显著高于男生,男生认知风格得分显著高于女生。