《论语》文体形式的文化阐释

《论语》是以“语”体和“子曰”等形式记录孔子的言论,建构孔子的话语权威和思想价值体系的。“子曰”形式最宜于孔子独自式地直接阐发自己的思想,“问——子曰”形式由于受到孔子“礼”和“仁”的规范,导致与孔子对话的真正主体缺席,而成为孔子建构自己话语权威的有效言说方式。孔子重视“言”的作用,但反对“巧言”。孔子不期望论辩,面对论辩他往往先预设道德判断,然后否定欲辩者,从而最终否定论辩本身。对孔子来说,“巧言”和“沦辩”会使自己的话语权威和思想价值体系面临被解构的威胁。     

武宗八仙承遗韵 功济十方弘道风——西安万寿八仙宫武术养生功法散说

西安万寿八仙宫自宋代开山弘道,历代身怀绝技、武艺超群的高道名师、云朋霞友,往来此云水之乡挂单仙宫、授武演道,为八仙宫留下了丰富多彩的武功技艺和养生功法,经近千年的积淀、精化、传承、发展,化演成了独具道家风范的武苑奇葩。此功法强身健体以养生,防身护法以修道,促进了道功道术的修持,形成了八仙宫的“家传武功”。     

Effect of peer presence on adolescents' risk-taking is moderated by individual self-esteem: An experimental study

Prior research suggests that the presence of peers increases adolescents' risk-taking. However, it is not clear whether the effect of peer presence is moderated by individual characteristics such as self-esteem, since individuals with low self-esteem are more susceptible to peer influence theoretically. The present study examined this problem using an adapted Stoplight Game in an experiment. A final sample of 140 adolescent students aged 14–18 (M = 16.25 ± 0.73 years, 61 girls), divided into two groups—low self-esteem and high self-esteem, according to their self-esteem scores, completed a risk-taking task either alone or in the presence of a same-sex peer. The results indicated that peer presence increased adolescents' risk-taking, specifically for those with low self-esteem, while those with high self-esteem were not affected by peer presence. The findings are helpful for our understanding of peer influence on adolescent risk-taking and the moderating role of the self and have practical implications for preventing and intervening adolescents' risk-taking via increasing their self-esteem.     

论管子的职业教育思想及其当代价值

春秋早期的管子认识到职业教育的重要性,《管子》一书集中反映了他的职业教育思想。管子的职业教育思想体现出以下特点:职业教育本质的职业针对性、职业教育内容的应用性、职业教育方式的多样性、职业教育思路的灵活性及职业教育功能的社会性。管子的职业教育思想为当今职业教育进一步强化职业针对性、构建职业教育社会系统工程、建立终身教育思想以及树立大职业教育观念等提供了思想源泉。     

特质敬畏对亲社会倾向的正向预测：自我超越和共情的多重中介作用

敬畏对内能影响个体的精神世界,实现自我超越,对外能使个体更多地关注他人;且自我超越也能促进个体对他人的共情关注。但目前还未有实证研究探讨敬畏是否能通过共情以及自我超越-共情的中介预测亲社会倾向。为检验这一假设,本研究招募了1347名大学生并测量了其敬畏特质、自我超越、共情和亲社会倾向。结果显示：（1）敬畏、自我超越、共情和亲社会倾向各维度两两相关显著;（2）敬畏直接预测亲社会倾向各维度,也能通过自我超越和共情的多重中介间接预测,且自我超越的中介效应最大。本研究从内、外因素进一步深化了对敬畏与亲社会倾向关系的认识,频繁的敬畏体验有助于提升个体的自我超越及对他人的共情关注,促进亲社会倾向。     

石瓮山行

丙戌年三月三日,与天荣拜谒紫虚元君宫①,探访阳洛石瓮山②.搜奇猎异,感慨万端,歌以记之. 三月三日桃花开,千车万人朝圣来. 紫虚宫前歌舞欢,钟鼓社火动尘埃. 我独欣慕桃花源,再拜元君阳洛山. 阳洛山水有深意,引领春风趋西南. 西南山岫云中隐,入云群山气象凛. 峰势嵯峨多奇幻,幻出神戈又剑刃. 对影山上诵黄庭,天马拉车二郎峰. 虎坐狮蹲龟转磨,云霭亦变瞬息中. 石径穿林牵袖衣,幽谷深涧潺湲溪. 壑底乱石荆棘道,峭壁苍崖百草奇.     

老年住院患者孤独感与社会支持的关系

该研究采用社会支持评定量表和UCLA孤独量表对487名老年住院患者进行调查分析.结果显示,老年住院患者的社会支持在性别、宗教信仰、配偶等方面的差异显著,老年住院患者的孤独感在配偶方面的差异显著.孤独感与社会支持、客观支持、主观支持和对支持的利用度呈显著负相关.客观支持和主观支持能够显著预测老年住院患者的孤独感.良好的社会支持能够减轻老年住院患者的孤独感.     

贪官缘何问鬼神

近几年来,在被查处的贪官身后大多数都有“大师”的身影。他们或因官迷心窍,求“大师”指点升官捷径;或因做了亏心事,在反腐高压下惶惶不可终日,祈求在菩萨的保佑下,逢凶化吉,逃避打击。在没有被查处的领导干部中,不信马列信鬼神的也不乏其人。有的领导干部对一些“大师”津津乐道,甚至以认识个别“大师”为荣;有的领导干部家里堂而皇之地供奉着玉帝、观世音等神灵;有的领导干部每逢上任、购车等重大事情都要问问神灵;有的领导干部甚至连出行也要算日子。领导干部求神拜佛之风凸显了当前干部教育管理监督方面的“软肋”,应引起我们高度重视…     

Gender differences in children's arithmetic performance are accounted for by gender differences in language abilities

Studies have shown that female children, on average, consistently outperform male children in arithmetic. In the research reported here, 1,556 pupils (8 to 11 years of age) from urban and rural regions in the greater Beijing area completed 10 cognitive tasks. Results showed that girls outperformed boys in arithmetic tasks (i.e., simple subtraction, complex multiplication), as well as in numerosity-comparison, number-comparison, number-series-completion, choice reaction time, and word-rhyming tasks. Boys outperformed girls in a mental rotation task. Controlling for scores on the word-rhyming task eliminated gender differences in arithmetic, whereas controlling for scores on numerical-processing tasks (number comparison, numerosity estimation, numerosity comparison, and number-series completion) and general cognitive tasks (choice reaction time, Raven's Progressive Matrices, and mental rotation) did not. These results suggest that girls' advantage in arithmetic is likely due to their advantage in language processing.     

宗教界开展公益慈善事业问题研究

近年来,我国宗教界开展公益慈善事业受到广泛关注,其活动领域、机构注册、政策优惠等问题成为政界、学界、教界共同关注的焦点。本文主要探讨宗教界开展公益慈善事业时,如何正确处理与国民教育、社会福利之间的关系,对有宗教背景的公益慈善机构注册难、获得政策优惠难的原因进行了分析,并且对政府宗教工作部门今后进一步鼓励和规范宗教界开展公益慈善事业提出了意见和建议。